Volume 7, Issue 9, September 2016 Edition


Publication for Volume 7, Issue 9, September 2016 .

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Impact of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Isaria fumosorosea on cruciferous aphid Brevicoryne brassicae L.[ ]


An experiment was conducted to evaluate the role of two entomopathogenic fungi: Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) and Isaria fumosorosea (Wize) against the adults of cruciferous aphid (cabbage aphid), Brevicoryne brassicae L. under laboratory conditions at plant protection institute, Sharkia Branch. Three tested concentrations (105, 106 and 107 spores/ml) of B. bassiana formulations were used against aphid B. brassicae. Mortality percentage after 7 days of application showed 35.55, 46.66 and 64.44%, respectively. The obtained results revealed that LC50 was 1.1×106 spores/ml and LC90 was 3.4×109 spores/ml. While, Three tested concentrations (106, 107 and 108 spores/ml) of I. fumosorosea formulation were used against the same aphid. Mortality percentage after 7 days of application showed 37.77, 60.0 and 73.33%, respectively. The obtained results revealed that LC50 was 3.9×106 spores/ml and LC90 was 2.1×109 spores/ml.

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Analysis results and modification of Na+-montmorillonite with quarterner ammonium salt[ ]


In this study, preliminary data are reported on the modification of sodium montmorillonite modified with tetra butyl ammonium succinimide as quarterner ammonium salt. The modified material was characterized by FTIR, SEM and WXRD analysis. The analysis results show an overall increase in interlamellar spacing as a result of sodium cation exchange with the cations of long chain quaternary ammonium salt. Synthesizedorganoclaycan be used infoodand foodpackagingfield and in column chromatography as fillers.

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SIMULATION OF IEEE 802.11b INTRANET FOR CAMPUS BASED VOTING USING OPNET[ ]


With the increased adoption of electronic voting in several campuses in Nigeria, greater emphasis has been placed on the voting GUI’s and security devices (such as biometric scanners) as opposed to the network structure. However, establishing connectivity to a network which is both secure and ensures very high quality of service is inarguably of major importance to the voting exercise. This paper proposes an intranet solution based on IEEE 802.11b WLAN structure to improve on the dysfunctional network structure within the campuses. It also presents some tests for a performance evaluation of the proposed solution. The 802.11b intranet is simulated using OPNET Modeler 14.5 Educational Version and tested against real life conditions made available by the simulation tool.

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REVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF STANDARD DEVIATION ON TIME AND FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF GAUSSIAN FILTER[ ]


This research reviews the effects of a standard deviation on time response and frequency response of Gaussian filter. In the research, standard deviations of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 were applied to normalized Gaussian filter in time domain and frequency domain. From the result of the simulation, it was observed that in the time domain, the peak amplitude of the filter increased with a decrease in the standard deviation and the execution time decreased with a decrease in standard deviation. In the frequency domain, the peak amplitude is constant for all the standard deviation and the frequency bandwidth decreased with increase in standard deviation. The simulation was carried out using Matrix Laboratory (MatLab).

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SOME TRANZIENT THERMO ELASTIC PROBLEM OF THIN CLAMPED RECTANGULAR PLATE[ ]


This paper is concerned with transient Thermoelastic problem in which we need to determine the Temperature distribution and thermal deflection of a thick Clamped rectangular plate when the boundary condition are Known. Integral transform techniques are used to obtain the Solution of the problem.

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Design and construction of a numerical Inverse Definite Minimum Time (IDMT) Overcurrent Relay using Matlab[ ]


In this research, a three-phase over current relay was designed to protect the power system accompanied with the fault a high electrical current to large values lead to the destruction of electrical equipment in the power system.The research had the study of adding a load to the end of the line as (Over Load) and the fault in power system.

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Leveling By Differential Global Position System (Case Study)[ ]


Using the differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) to determine the difference of elevations of two benchmarks (BM-1) and (BM-2) by static observation, check this method by traditional leveling (Differential Leveling). The difference between (∆Zs) of elevation between benchmarks was at worst situation (0.011) m, the leveling by (DGPS) not safe without check method. The (DGPS) method fast and cheap.

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Current-fed Quasi Z-Source Inverter with FPGA Application of Digital Controller[ ]


This paper presents, FPGA application of fully digital controller for three-phase quasi z-source inverter (qZSI) with switching strategies contain boost control and buck control. The Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have present high computational capacity and adjustability due to their parallel execution and reconfigurable hardware. In this technique blocks are based on expected digital circuits only with combinational logic and using pipelining technique. The proposed digit controllers have been successfully synthesized and application by Quartus II 9.1V and Cyclone II FPGA, to destination device EP2C20F484C6. Fulfilled result demonstrates that the proposed technique has features containing reconfigurable, low-cost, high speed and also it is very perfect.

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PSS Generation and Detection In LTE[ ]


A User Equipment (UE) wishing to access an LTE cell must first undertake a cell search procedure. The cell search procedure in LTE begins with a synchronization procedure which makes use of two specially designed physical signals that are broadcast in each cell the Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and the Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS).This paper focuses on the aspects of the physical layer that are designed to facilitate cell search and have simulated the schemes for PSS generation & detection using Cross Correlation.

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Residual Tensile Strength Analysis of Titanium-Carbon Fiber / PEEK Hybrid Laminates after Impact[ ]


The purpose of this study was to investigate the residual tensile behavior of titanium carbon fiber /poly-ether-ether-ketone (TA2-Cf/PEEK) laminates after impact. Laminates after impact were divided into 3 regions A, B, and C. The tensile strength of the subject after impact degenerates less than 30%, which indicates subjected Laminates have an excellent tensile strength. Two types of tensile fractures concluded in this paper are;instantaneous and relaxation type. The analysis result shows that the impact crack tip produces stress concentration, which grows along the transverse direction under the continuous external load, which leads to the final fracture of the sample.

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LAI and Albedo measurements based methodology for numerical simulation of urban tree's microclimate: A case study in Egypt[ ]


Urban trees foliage have a significant role on modifying its microclimate thermal conditions. In this concern, both of the leaf area density (LAD) and the Albedo affect the tree heat budget. Consequently, the modeling and simulation process that take place to assess the tree's thermal performance within urban environments have to be considered crucially. The database of the numerical simulation tool used, ENVI-met V4.0, doesn't have plants of different climatic regions, that is why LAD and Albedo have to be generated to represent a specific plant. Therefore, a developed methodology to assess trees microclimatic thermal performance is presented in this work by introducing local urban trees to the simulation tool through the measurements of Leaf Area Index (LAI) which is a derivative of LAD, Albedo, and the canopy geometrical parameters. To apply this methodology, three common trees have been used in a local site near Alexandria, Egypt. According to the results, modeling trees foliage on a measurements' basis showed a better state of thermal performance, whether in terms of the pedestrian's thermal comfort (represented by the Predicted Mean Vote, PMV) or the mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) in comparison to the thermal performance results using the empirical modeling methodology proposed by (Fahmy et al., 2010), in order to assess the microclimate modifications that a tree can do within its urban built environment, in addition to generate a numerical database for the Egyptian trees starting with the selected trees’ species.

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Semantic Analysis on Twitter Data Generated by Indian Users[ ]


The rise of social media has brought about a new realm on which people are free to share their opinions. Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, Google+, etc. have become the most sought after platforms for people to share their views about the latest events, trends and products. This has provided opportunists with oceans of data, enabling them to understand human behaviour in ways which was thought impossible previously, called Social Media Mining. Social Media Mining entails representation, analysing and further, extraction of actionable patterns from the data collected from social media. This information enables companies - evaluating consumer behaviour or public opinion - to adopt a data based decision making process as opposed to an intuitive decision making.

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ZigBee based Wireless Fire Alarm[ ]


Undesired happenings cannot be predicted so, it’s important to monitor these situations and take immediate actions. Fire outbreaks are one of the major concerns and although embedded systems are installed to fight such a situation but it becomes difficult to monitor vast areas like colleges, shopping malls etc. A ZigBee based wireless fire alarm is proposed to protect huge areas. The system will connect all fire-prone regions called nodes of the area to a single control unit using ZigBee. In case of emergency, a quick and direct signal will be passed to the control room so that necessary steps can be taken to alert public and other concerned departments with the help of a hooter. This system can be developed using temperature sensor, ZigBee module and a micro-controller. The proposed system can be incorporated in existing constructions as well as in under-construction projects.

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Thermodynamic Analysis of Cement Production Process Plant in Nigeria[ ]


Cement production industry being highly energy intensive requires a major goal of minimizing energy cost and environmental effects. This paper presents the thermodynamic analysis of a cement production process in Nigeria. The process was simulated in HYSYS. Exergy analysis is an analytical tool that evaluates the irreversibility and the exergertic performance of a process as well as provides identification of possible improvements in the process. The study indicates the system has an exergy efficiency of 38.44% and about 60% exergy loss. With the inclusion of chemical exergy, the system exergy efficiency and exergy loss are 46.85% and 53.1% respectively. The study has identified degree and sources of inefficiency in the cement production process. The method proferred can also aid in making informed decisions in improving the efficiency of the process.

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Enabling The Internet Of Things Using Visible Light[ ]


The Internet of Things(IoT) is on the verge of transforming the world we live in. To facilitate the impending development of IoT, it is imperative that a sustainable framework for IoT is designed, which offers high speed connectivity, easy and secure access , and uses the energy available judiciously. The suggested framework in this paper utilizes visible light for its operation. Also, to increase the energy efficiency of an IoT framework, it is suggested to use light energy harvesting sensors, which will result in minimal maintenance, and use of visible light to power the IoT systems using a photo battery. To enhance the working of the photo battery, a methodology has been suggested.

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A Gain Enhanced Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna for RFID Readers Applications[ ]


This paper presents a circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna with enhanced gain using a Uniplanar Compact-Photonic Band Gap (UC-PBG) structure for Ultra High Frequency (UHF) Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) reader applications. The patch structure is designed with truncated corners and slit rectangular shapes. The performance of the antenna is tested using Computer Simulation Technology MicroWave Studio (CST MWS). The antenna patch is designed with an FR4 epoxy substrate and overall size of 180×180×1.6mm3. The substrate thickness is fixed at 1.6mm. An SMA port is used to feed the patch structure through the substrate and the ground plane to achieve a matching impedance of -19dB at the frequency of resonance (915MHz). The achieved gain is found to be 8.2dBi at 915MHz with a front to back ratio (F/B) of 13dB. The gain enhancement after adding the UC-PBG layers is found to be 3.4 dBi with a radiation efficiency of 87%. The obtained results are validated numerically using Ansoft's High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). Finally, an excellent agreement is achieved between the obtained results from both of the numerical software packages.

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Different Requirements Gathering Techniques and Issues[ ]


Project management is now becoming a very important part of our software industries. To handle projects with success is very big deal. In software project management process there are some phases, first phase is requirement gathering. To get correct requirement and to handle it, is most important for complete project successfully. Requirement management used to ensure that product or software meets user’s need or expectations. Requirements are defined during planning phase and then these requirements are used throughout the project. There are some techniques for gathering requirements. These techniques are interview, prototyping, use case analysis, JAD (Joint Application Design), brainstorming questionnaires and storyboard. While gathering requirement, we faced many issues that are not capable for successful project. In this paper, there will be discussed these techniques and issues that are faced during requirement gathering and their solution.

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EFFECT OF INNOVATIVE TERRORISM ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM – A STUDY ON INDIA[ ]


Terrorism is an unavoidable truth of every nation which has acquired a new dimension in view of technology or societal changes. Now a days every country suffers directly or indirectly intimidation. For hundreds of years, Indian people with different cultures and beliefs system lived a life full of fraternity, harmony and mutual understanding. However, since independence, India is being attacked by anti-national and terrorist activities several times. The impact of terrorism on a country’s economy causes unemployment, homelessness, deflation, crime and another economic and social ill.

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Decision Support System for Irrigation Canals[ ]


A Decision Support System (DSS) for irrigation of canals involve compilation of all relevant information and software tools for analyzing the information to reach for optimum utilization of supplied water in the system of canal. It is intended to enable decision making by compiling relevant information on historical canal flows, physical and hydraulic features of the canal network, computer models for analyzing the requirements and supplies for maximizing the food production. In this paper an effort is made to develop a typical framework of Decision Support System (DSS) for managing operations of water distribution in a system of irrigation canal. The paper presents a structure of a decision support system for more efficient and effective management of water supplies, and more timely delivery of irrigation water to agricultural users. The DSS may be linked with the SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system for real-time monitoring of flow details and water level information and operation of canal gates to manage water deliveries. The use of decision support systems linked with SCADA and automated structures presents a very effective method for irrigation water distribution, which may ultimately result into conservation of precious water.

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Fuzzy PI Control Scheme for Off Grid DC load using Wind Power Conversion System[ ]


At present relying on conventional energy sources may not be acceptable at all times because of increasing cost of generation and also the consistency of power supply is being reducing day by day because of unavailability of fuels corresponding to conventional energy sources. So, in order to mitigate these power interruptions and charges being posed on power consumptions it is necessary to combine the non conventional energy sources along with conventional energy sources to meet the load requirements at required levels. In this paper among the available non-conventional energy sources wind energy is taken into consideration in generating electrical power to meet stand alone loads. In order to ensure consistent and continuous power supply from wind energy a backup system was also used for storage purpose .The charging and discharging of the battery is controlled based upon the output power from wind turbine and this control is accomplished by charge controller which makes use of fuzzy controller along with PI controller and the speed of the wind turbine is controlled by using pitch control technique. Both these control techniques are simulated and the performance is tested by considering different wind profiles in MATLAB/SIMULINK.

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Staircase Control of Hybrid Multilevel Inverter Topology with Reduced Number of Power Electronic Components[ ]


Multilevel inverter execution is high contrasted with the ordinary two level inverters because of their lessened harmonic distortion, lower electromagnetic interference. Then again the fundamental disadvantage of multilevel inverter is expanded number of power electronic switches, complex pulse width modulation control and adjusting of capacitor voltages. In this paper proposes a hybrid single phase inverter topology comprises of littler number segments with low convoluted gate drives and control signals. This paper additionally introduces the most appropriate control and balance strategies like Staircase modulation technique with sinusoidal wave as reference.

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PULSE DURATION MODULATION BASED INDUCTIVE (PDM) LINKS FOR WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER SYSTEM[ ]


Wireless power transfer system (WPT) is a technology that transports electric energy to another location without physical wires. It is a good idea to wirelessly transmit electricity especially where it is inconvenient, impractical, hazardous, or impossible to reach, but the method at which the electric power is being transmitted is most important factor of wireless power transmission. Energy should be transmitted with power losses and interference with other electronic devices which required a Pulse duration modulation. Pulse duration modulation (PDM) based inductive links for wireless power transfer system is a novel innovation in wireless power transmission.

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Motion Artifact Cancellation in Plethysmography Signal[ ]


Photoplethysmogram(PPG) is a non-invasive technique that measures relative blood volume changes in the blood vessels close to the skin.Photoplethysmogram(PPG) signal provides useful cardiovascular information .The PPG signal acquired using NI-DAQ card from heart rate monitorning system are usually corrupted with Motion Artifact(MA) due to voluntary or involuntary movement of patient. Here we proposed different method for motion artifact suppression of PPG signal such as Adaptive Line Enhancement (ALE) and Wavelet transform.The mean, standard deviation and SNR are calculated for motion artifact corrupted PPG signal as well as motion artifact suppressed PPG signal using Adaptive Line Enhancement (ALE)and Wavelet transform.

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Design and Development of Artificial Neural Network based Temperature Controlling of Injection Mould Machine[ ]


In general PID (proportional +integral +derivative) controllers are widely used in many industrial applications due to their simplicity and robustness. In this paper temperature control of Injection Mould Machine by using conventional PID controllers such as Ziegler’s – Nichols, Pessen’s &Tyreus – Luyben methods have been studied. From this study it has been found that the controller design using conventional PID controller may not satisfy required performance criteria such as delay time, rise time, settling time, maximum peak over shoot. To overcome this difficulty in this paper a new PID controller is proposed using artificial neural network technique. The proposed ANN – PID controller design method is based on Tyreus – Luyben tuning algorithm for rejection of different disturbance. To validate the proposed method, temperature control of injection Mould Machine control system is considered and an intelligent PID controller is designed using Artificial Neural Networks. The designed intelligent PID controller is simulated under different disturbance using MATLAB/Simulink and results are successfully verified.

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Kamrul’s L Yard System: A Quick Solution of Traffic Congestion[ ]


Lyard is a system through which vehicles change their direction of movement. Through it the vehicles turn to opposite direction. L yard is built on roads. Following are the fundamental properties of L yards: i) L yard must have no barrier between straight running vehicles and turning vehicles in the entrance side. It must have one or more barriers between straight running vehicles and turned vehicles in the exit side. ii) The space between the circular path travelled by vehicles during turning and its centre will be free from any obstacle. iii) Shape of the L yard may be of any type shown in figure 1 and 2 or a minor changed keeping its fundamental properties unchanged. Besides road in the L yard portion may be wider than other portion or not. If it is wider, extra widening will take place in one or both sides of the road. Following things should be done to solve the problem of Traffic Congestion: i) Island or median or road divider should be continued in one direction in the junction. ii) When two runways (lane) coincide with each other, they will be near about parallel instead of right angle. iii) Any type of L yard should be built at certain distance (1 km, ½ km or any other convenient distance) from the junction. This L yard may also be built at certain distances in a long road. Intersection system like figure 3 should be replaced by figure 4. Traffic congestion may be removed easily by implementing the proposed system.

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ACTION, REACTION AND POST- REACTION[ ]


When a body action on other body then its total force (that is force = mass * acceleration) (not momentum) goes to that body (because for a fraction of second both attends a same velocity while attached) and the force returns after giving its reaction to per subatomic particles of the 2nd body and from these subatomic particles some of the part of the force returns to the 1st body and gradually the momentum of the 1st body decreases. As fast the force is given to the other body that much fast it would be spread in that whole body ( but in a hetero manner that is from higher to lower from the point of incident) and then finally returns to the 1st body. But the whole quantity of force fails to return to the 1st body because the 2nd body gains momentum faster than the returning of the total quantity of force to the 1st body and they detached.

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