Volume 6, Issue 9,September 2015 Edition

Publication for Volume 6, Issue 9, September 2015.

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Cationic complexes of arylantimony(III) chlorides ArnSbCl3-n with tetraphenylborate and ammonium hexafluorophosphate[ ]


A series of hitherto unknown solid salts of tricoordinated cations of the general formula [ArSbL2]2+ and [Ar2SbL]1+ [where Ar = C6H5, p-CH3C6H4; L = Pyridine, β-picoline, HMPA, TPPO and thiourea (TU)] have been isolated in presence of tetraphenylborate (BPh4-) and hexafluorophosphate (PF6-). These newely synthesised two dozen complexes have been formulated and characterised on the basis of elemental analyses, molar conductances, molecular weights and, solid state IR and solution state 1H NMR spectral data. The physico-chemical data are consistent with pyramidal structure of the complexes.

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Electro spun scaffold for tissue engineering –A review article[ ]


In this review paper attention is given to scaffold preparation through electro spinning technique as a biomaterial for tissue engineering applications. An extensive literature review was performed on the various natural, synthetic and semi synthetic polymers for scaffold making as well as the role of process parameter on electro spinning such as concentration of the polymer solution, viscosity and delivery time etc. and the characterization related reviews were reviewed .In addition to that the recent development in scaffolds such as composite scaffolds and bi- component material based scaffolds were also described.

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COST ANALYSIS OF A PROPOSED FILL DAM IN MOUAU: COMPARISON OF THREE NEARBY LATERITIC DEPOSITS[ ]


The research work involves the comparative cost analysis of having construction soil from three different nearby lateritic deposits namely Amaoba, Isiala Ngwa North and Isiala Oboro represented as site A, B and C respectively in the study. This involves a moisture content and specific gravity test that necessitated the calculation of the void ratio for the three different sites. Furthermore, the in site swell factors were obtained as well as the transportation cost at required parameters, the real cost for each of the site were computed, it is discovered that site A is the most economical for the construction of the proposed dam at Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike (MOUAU) requiring one cubic metre of soil compacted to the void ratio of 0.8. The cost of hauling from site A is N869,560,289.80 giving a difference of N430,232,200.20 representing 49% cost difference with site B and a difference of N170,725,810.20 representing 20% difference with site C.

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Comparative Study of Some Engineering Properties of Shea Kernel from Different Ecological Zones of Ghana[ ]


The engineering properties of grains and nuts do not only differ in variety, crop to crop and moisture content, but also the growth conditions, climate and ecological zone of production. In this study, variations in engineering properties of the shea kernel in respect to ecological zone are determined. Six samples were collected from six different locations of the three regions of the north of Ghana where the crop grows. The engineering properties investigated included the geometric, gravimetric and frictional properties. The geometric properties (Length, (L), Width, (W), Thickness, (T), Arithmetic diameter, (Da), Geometric Diameter (DgM), Sphericity, (ε), Aspect ratio, (Ra), Surface area,(As), Volume, (V) for the Northern; Upper East and West regions were: (2.54±0.20cm, 1.81 ±0.14cm, 1.56 ±0.18cm 1.92±0.12cm, 1.97±0.11cm, 71.54±6.9%, 75.82±5.18%, 11.64±1.41cm2, 3.76±0.69cm3), (2.53±0.22cm, 1.77±0.16cm, 1.58±0.15cm 1.92± 0.13cm, 1.96 ±0.13cm, 71.15±7.42%, 77.03±4.29%, 11.97±0.92cm2, 3.92±0.45cm3) and (2.54±0.19cm, 1.80±0.14cm, 1.54±0.15cm, 1.91±0.11cm, 1.96±0.11cm, 71.15±7.42%, 75.45±4.79%, 11.52±1.26cm2, 3.70±0.61cm3) respectively. Results of the gravimetric properties (1000-kernel mass, True density, Bulk density and Porosity) for the three regions were (4110.7±686.00g, 1.20±0.09g/cm3, 0.68±0.01 g/cm3, 37.60±4.47%), (4146.87±718g, 1.11±0.01g/cm3, 0.67±0.01g/cm3, 38.61±4.62%) and (4121.4±583g, 1.13±0.16g/cm3, 0.68±0.02g/cm3, 38.52±6.99%) respectively while the frictional properties (Angle of Repose (o) and static co-efficient of friction on: Glass, Plywood, Mild steel, Galvanized steel, Stainless steel) were (34.24±3.28, 0.19±0.01, 0.42±0.03, 0.41±0.02, 0.24±0.02, 0.31±0.05), (35.40±4.58, 0.15±0.02, 0.53±0.02, 0.39±0.02, 0.22±0.02, 0.28±0.01) and 34.82±3.93, 0.17±0.01, 0.43±0.01, 0.35±0.01, 0.26±0.01, 0.26±0.02) respectively. The moisture contents on dry basis (d.b) of the kernels were 6.54%, 6.48%, and 7.27% respectively. Though there were slight variations in the means of the engineering properties investigated among kernel from the different locations, they were not statistically significant when analysed with one-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) at P<0.05. These values are similar to values obtained by some Nigerian and Cameroonian researchers. The results are therefore adequate, and can be used to design equipment and machinery to process shea kernel not only from Ghana but the entire West African shea region.

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Studies on Flexural Behaviour of M100 Grade Hybrid fibre Reinforced Self compacting concrete beams[ ]


In the present experimental investigation, attempts are made to study the comparative study of flexural behaviour of High Strength hybrid fibre reinforced self compacting concrete beams of M 100 grade with addition of varying percentages of crimped steel fibers varying 0 , 0.5,1.0, 1.5% and Glass fibers 0% , 0.03% . The studies indicated that the addition of glass fibre and steel fibers in certain proportions in High Strength hybrid fibre reinforced self compacting concrete beams had contributed towards development of high performance and high strength concrete which is the need of the hour.

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Imidaclorprid efficacy against grasshopper Hetiracris littoralis (Orthoptera: Acrididae)[ ]


Imidacloprid is a systemic insecticide which acts as an insect neurotoxin and belongs to a class of chemicals called the neonicotinoids which act on the central nervous system of insects with much lower toxicity to mammals. The effect of IMI 0ndiffernt stages of grasshoppers of H. littoralis, LC50 recoded, 255,298, 299 and 297 mg/L under laboratory conditions. Under semifield conditions the correspondingLC50 recorded, 133,168, 189 and 199 mg/L. The effect of IMI under semi field conditions which cleared that the infestation number of H. littoralis significantly decreased to 10±7.9 individuals after 120 days of IMI first applications as compared to 99±6.9 individuals in the controlUnder field conditions in the corn fields the number of infestations were significantly decreased to 7±2.9indiveduals as compared to 99±9.9 individuals in the control after 120 days of IMI first applications

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INTEGRATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION (CCA) AND DISASTER RISK REDUCTION (DRR) CONCEPTS IN CHEMISTRY TEACHING[ ]


The study explored the integration of Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction Concepts in teaching chemistry. Powerpoint presentations on Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction concepts were integrated in selected topics in a General Chemistry course and student’s conceptual understanding, thinking skills, environmental values development and awareness of CCA and DRR concepts were assessed.

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Design of High Speed CMOS Comparator Using Parallel Prefix Tree[ ]


This paper Presents a new comparator design is proposed by using parallel prefix tree. Energy efficient and high speed operation of comparators is needed for high speed digital circuits. The comparison outcome of the most significant bit, proceeding bitwise toward the least significant bit only when the compared bits are equal. In this project a 16, 32, 64 bit comparator architectures is designed by using parallel prefix structure. This project evaluates the successful results as per requirement and specifications. In existing system, the parallel prefix structure is designed for 16, 32 and 64 bit architectures and the reports from the Xilinx tool concludes that for every bit range doubles the delay, memory, LUT and power has not doubled up to the mark. But In the proposed design of my project, each and every element in the parallel prefix structure will be replaced by universal logic (multiplexer). By performing this modification in the architecture will leads to reduction in POWER CONSUMPTION and DELAY .

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Synthesis, Antibacterial and Antifungal activity of some Novel Oxadiazole-Pyrazolyl derivatives[ ]


Ten title compounds(2R)-2-[(4-phenyldiazenyl-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-N-(((S)-1-(4-ace tyl-4,5-dihydro-5-methyl-5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazolyl)ethylcarbamoyl)methyl)]acetamide,1a-1J, were synthe sized from the starting material (2R)-2-[(4-phenyldiazenyl-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)acetamido ethanamido] propyl hydrazide by treatment with substituted ketones . The synthesized compounds were characterized by physical constants, and the structures of the title compounds were further confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analysis. The bioassay results showed that title compounds possessed weak to good anti-microbial activity with 1e showing significant enhancement of bacterial resistance.

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CYBER RETAILING SCENARIO: THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF THE INTERNET IN RETAILING[ ]


A vast numbers of opinions have been propounded to explain how "cyberspace" can be exploited by commercial organizations. For the most part they are speculative, visionary or promotional. This work seeks to redress the balance by focusing on the utilization of the Internet within the retail sector and examining its potential as a new retail channel. The paper presents an exploratory study using qualitative and quantitative methods: an on-line survey of retail web activities followed by in-depth interviews. This approach provides a framework of current retail usage of the Internet and explores retailers' perceptions of the inhibitors and facilitators to its development. It concludes with an emerging model that explains why current levels of retailing on the Internet are low and provides guidance for retailers wishing to increase their level of Internet activity.

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The equal employee opportunity between men and women[ ]


Gender is a debatable topic for a while, however the most significant issue in today’s workplace environment is related to sex discrimination. Men are more prioritized because they are considered as more productive than females and in most of the countries females are not supported to do the jobs or get extra benefits. This paper examines how Women and Men are facing gender issue in their work environment.

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Depression, Suicidal ideation and Social Adjustment among married and unmarried women with the history of domestic violence[ ]


The present study was conducted to examine the level of suicidal ideation and social adjustment among depressive women with the history of domestic violence. Total sample of the study was (N=120) depressive women with the history of domestic violence. Participants were further divided into (n=65) married and (n=55) unmarried depressive women with the history of domestic violence. Purposive sampling technique was used to collect the data from the sample. Siddiqui-Shah Depression scale (SSDS) by Siddiqui and Shah (1992), Suicidal Probability Scale (SPS) by Cull and Gill (1982) and Social Adjustment scale (SAS) by Cooper, Osborn and Gath (1977) were applied to the participants to measure the level of depression, suicidal ideation and social adjustment among women with the history of domestic violence. The Pearson’s product moment correlation and t-test were used to find out the statistical significance of the data. The results of the analyses were showed that there is negative significant relation between social adjustment and depression. Further, result showed that there is significant positive relation between suicidal ideation and depression. Moreover, it was revealed from the results that there is significant negative relation between suicidal ideation and social adjustment among women with the history of domestic violence. In the same way, result showed that there is significant difference on depression, suicidal ideation and social adjustment among women with the history of domestic violence.

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NESTING ECOLOGY OF GORILLAS IN AFI MOUNTAIN WILDLIFE SANCTUARY, BOKI, CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA[ ]


Nesting behaviour of gorillas was studied in the Afi Sanctuary to determine the locations, heights and sizes of their nests. This was done by following transect routes and trails of animals which had already been created by both human and animal activities. The distances were labeled with flagging by the protection staff with reference to cardinal points. The sampling technique adopted was stratified random sampling done by the survey of 30 transect routes in which accessibility was not made impossible by terrain. The transect length covered a distance of 2000m and a width of 100m which formed a total sample area of 6km2 representing a sampling intensity of 6% of a total area of 100 km2. Nests census was carried out by counting the nests of gorillas constructed both on the ground and lower branches of trees. Nests sizes were measured by meter tape. Trees and nests heights were determined by the use of sunto clinometer. The number of nests studied for nesting locations and heights was 145 while 30 nests was studied for nests sizes. Data analysis was carried out using means, variance, standard deviation as well as correlation analysis. The result revealed that the highest number of 63 nests representing 43.45% were made on the ground, followed by vertical fork with 32 nests representing 22.06% . Vine tangle recorded 19 nests representing 13.10%.

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Software Quality Assurance and Security[ ]


This paper focuses on the development of a quality assured software, it shows the importance of software reviews in the software development process and also how indispensable security is to software development; any software with no security is vulnerable. Therefore, this paper recommends that software should be developed in a very well defined way; using strict sequence of methodological steps, in a formal and systematic way. It should be noted that quality is the responsibility of a product and security is a part of the totality of quality of a system.

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Determination of Density of Nigerian bamboo fiber as an Engineering property using maceration method[ ]


The production of engineering products and services using engineering materials and skills is imperative. The materials used for this production must possess some properties that may be qualitative or quantitative. Density is both physical and qualitative property of any material especially in engineering. Density becomes important when there is need to design where weight and distribution of weight are critical. In this study the determination of density of Nigerian dry bamboo fiber as an engineering property using maceration method was carried out. Fresh bamboo was obtained from the Nigerian environment and oven dried to remove the moisture content. The extraction of the fiber was done by simple maceration method. The density of the extracted fiber was determined using the displacement method (Archimedes principles) for the volume and the weight for the mass. The mass-volume ratio gave the value of the density from the dry bamboo fiber extracted by maceration method. The value was found to be slightly less than that of water.

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