Volume 5, Issue 10, October 2014 Edition

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SYSTEM ANALYSIS OF LOAD FLOW IN RADIAL DISTRIBUTION NETWORK POWER[ ]


In this thesis, load-flow technique for solving radial distribution networks by reducing data preparation using sequential numbering scheme has been proposed. The proposed method needs only the source node and number of total node of main feeder, lateral(s) and sub lateral(s) only and does not need equivalent network. The simple algebraic equations have been considered. Effectiveness of the load flow has been tested by two examples (33?node and 69?node radial distribution networks) with constant power (CP), constant current (CI), constant impedance (CZ), composite and exponential load modeling for each of these examples. The superiority of the proposed method has been compared with the other methods available in literature.

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Rural electrification with renewable energy based village grids in Bangladesh[ ]


Providing the rural poor with access to modern energy services is a major challenge in Bangladesh striving for economic growth, social development and environmental integrity. Socially, rural residences suffer from higher poverty levels accompanied by greater inequality, faster growing populations, more unsolved health issues and lower educational levels than urban residences. Economically, they struggle with a largely untrained workforce and a lack of public and private financial resources. Environmentally, developing countries have to juggle new industrial development with environmental precaution. A major environmental threat is climate change. Cities are often disproportionately affected by it, which poses challenges in terms of adaptation and mitigation. In an attempt to address these challenges in a concerted international effort, the United Nations defined the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in 2001. Currently the follow-up goals, the so called Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), are under discussion. An important lever to address the MDGs and SDGs is the provision of (renewable energy-based) electricity to a wider population. As of today, more than 1 billion people worldwide still lack access to electricity. Access to electricity is a prerequisite for industrial progress and an increased standard of living for these people. Additionally, Compared to the alternative rural electrification approaches (e.g., solar lanterns, stand-alone systems, diesel-based village grids and grid extension), renewable energy based village grids (RVGs) are - in light of the MDGs and SGDs - the most appropriate solution to provide rural poor with access to electricity. RVGs are decentralized electricity systems which power a rural village with electricity produced by renewable energy technologies.

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Nutritional Composition of Tumeric (Curcuma longa) and its Antimicrobial Properties[ ]


The studies on the nutritional composition of turmeric and its antimicrobial properties; proximate, vitamin, mineral and phytochemical compositions of the turmeric were determined using standard methods. The results of the analysis shows that it contains 8.92 % moisture content, 2.85 % ash, 9.42 % crude protein, 4.60 % crude fibre, and 6.85 % fat. The methanolic extract of the plant exhibited significant inhibitory actions against Escherichia coli, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Bacillus cereus, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, Aspergillus and Penicillium at a final concentration of 20 mg/ml. The zone of inhibition exhibited by the plant extracts against the tested organisms ranged between 7.0 - 20.0 mm. The zones of inhibition exhibited by the standards, Ampicilin and Fungabacter ranges between 15.0 - 28.0 mm and 13.0 - 30.0 mm respectively. The plant extract compared favourably with the standard antibiotic used. The phytochemical results show that the plant contains 0.45 % saponin, 1.08 % tannin, 0.40 % flavenoid, 0.08 % phenol and 0.03 % sterol.

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EFFECT OF AMBIENT PRESSURE AND DROPLET SIZE ON DROPLET VAPORISATION AND COMBUTION[ ]


In the present work, two cases of liquid droplet vaporisation and combustion were investigated with respect to high pressure and droplet size effects. Supercritical droplet vaporisation models for n-heptane-N2 and LOX-H2 systems were developed with considerations of high pressure liquid-vapour equilibrium, real gas effects and absorption of ambient gas in liquid layer at the droplet surface. A generalised code was developed using Newton-Raphson method. Appropriate relations were used for determining pressure dependent thermophysical and transport properties. It was observed that for n-heptane-nitrogen system, the critical mixing temperature increased with an increase in ambient pressure in the subcritical regime while decreased in the supercritical regime. Also, the solubility of nitrogen in liquid n-heptane increased with an increase in temperature in this regime. Further, at a given pressure, mass fraction of n-heptane vapour at the droplet surface increased with droplet temperature, while for a fixed droplet temperature, vapour mass fraction decreased with an increase in ambient pressure. For LOX-H2 system, the critical mixing temperature increased progressively with pressure (unlike n-heptane-N2 system) while hydrogen solubility in liquid oxygen increased with increasing temperature at supercritical pressures. Further, for a 100 liquid oxygen droplet vaporising in hydrogen environment at 1000 evaporation lifetime for the droplet decreased for spherically symmetric case (gas phase Reynolds number ), as ambient pressure was increased from subcritical to supercritical value and further reduction in evaporation lifetime was noticed with an increase in . Also, for fixed values of ambient temperature and , maximum evaporation rate increased as ambient pressure was increased from 5.04 bar ( = 0.1) to 126 bar ( = 2.5).

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Sentiment analysis on Twitter feeds using successive deviation technique for prediction of stock market shift[ ]


The stock market is fluctuating constantly. The rise and fall in stock prices are seemingly random. However, this is not so. Even a minute happening in the company can have a huge effect on the stock price. As each investor buys and sells the stock, the price rises and falls depending on the sale and purchase, the demand and supply. Whether or not an investor buys a particular company's stock is based on his knowledge and impression of the company. The latter is what we will employ to decide whether or not to buy a certain company's stock at the current price.

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Sol-gel preparation and synthesis of mesoporous Silica using de-ionised water as Solvent and Poly (ethylene-glycol)-block-poly(propylene-glycol)-block-poly(ethylene-glycol) as source of Micelle[ ]


Sol-gel method is a vital wet chemical method for the preparation of gels and other crystalline and non crystalline materials. The method was carefully utilized to synthesize Mesopores with average particle size of 661nm and average distance of 1µm. De-ionised water as compared to ethanol or other polar and non polar solvent was applied to Tetra ethyl ortho-silicate (TEOS) to form the alkoxide and poly(ethylene-glycol)-block-poly(propylene-glycol)-block-poly(ethylene-glycol) was used to form the micelle required for template building. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) were used to investigate the independent elements constituting the mesopore architectures. The architecture constituting the mesopore framework was confirmed to solely depend on the type of solvent used and on the PH of the solution. High ordered structure mesopores of the Santa Barbara Amorphous -15 (SBA/15) was confirmed and synthesized to be widely utilized in catalysis, oil refining, water treatment, drug delivery and advanced nano-technology.

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Fractional Complex Transforms for Fractional Differential Equations[ ]


The aim of this paper is by using the fractional complex transform and the optimal homotopy analysis by method (OHAM) to find the analytical approximate solutions for nonlinear partial fractional differential Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation. Fractional complex transformation is proposed to convert nonlinear partial fractional differential Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation to nonlinear partial differential equations. Also, we use the optimal homotopy analysis method (OHAM) to solve the obtained nonlinear PDEs. This optimal approach has general meaning and can be used to get the fast convergent series solution of the different type of nonlinear partial fractional differential equations. The results reveal that this method is very effective and powerful to obtain the approximate solutions.

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Optimization of CNC Turning Process Parame-ters on INCONEL 718 Using Taguchi technique[ ]


In this study, an attempt has been conducted to investigate the effects of cutting parameters on MRR and surface roughness during hard turning of Inconel 718 material By taking into account the taguchi method .The experimental results have revealed that the depth of cut has most significant effect on MRR. Where as the surface roughness is strongly influenced by the feed rate and speed. The present approach and results will be helpful for understanding the machinability and surface characteristics of Inconel 718 during high speed turning for the manufacturing engineers Analysis of variance is used to study the effect of process parameters and established correlation among the cutting speed ,feed and depth of cut with respect to Ra and tool MRR .The result are further confirmed by experiments. Finally output parameters like surface finish and metal removal rate can also be optimized for economical production

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A Survey on the Available Algorithms for Recognizing Depression Disorders through Gesture Recognition[ ]


Depression is one of the most common mental health disorders with strong adverse effects on personal and social functioning. The absence of any objective diagnostic aid for depression leads to a range of biases in the diagnosis and ongoing monitoring. Psychologists use various visual cues to quantitate depression such as facial expressions, eye contact and head movements. This study throws light upon the contribution of gestures and facial points for mood analysis. A framework based on space-time interest points is proposed for the analysis of facial movements. The experiments are performed on real-world clinical data where video clips of patients and their answers to questionnaires are recorded during interactive sessions. The diagnosis is done and appropriate action is taken according to severity and scale of the depression in the patient.

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Attitude of senior civil servants Towards Insurance policy in Nigeria[ ]


The attitude of Nigerians towards owning insurance policy is quite discouraging and this has made insurance to remain among the least purchased item in the country. This paper examined this attitude among the senior civil servants in Nigeria using urban workers in Enugu as a case study. The data obtained were analyzed using chi squared test (?2).The results obtained revealed that owning insurance policy depends on individual’s level of income and educational attainment. This paper suggests the need for more public enlightenment to educate the masses on the benefits of owning insurance policy. These symbols used are defined as follows: ?2c is critical value of ?2, a is the level of significance, v is the degrees of freedom

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A Review on Steganography and Steganalysis[ ]


Steganography is a technique to hide/protect the information. Many people are using this technique to hide their malicious data, so that such data can not be intercepted easily. This paper deals with a review on various Stegangraphy and Steganalysis Techniques .Different papers related to steganography, classification of steganography, video steganography were studied and reviewed. The aim is to study and compare basic techniques of steganography and steganalysis to detect the hidden information.

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EFFECT OF INLET AND OUTLET POSITION IN A VENTILATED CAVITY WITH AN INSULATED SQUARE BLOCK[ ]


A numerical analysis is carried out to study the performance of mixed convection in a rectangular enclosure. Fifteen different placement configurations of the inlet and outlet openings were considered. The bottom wall at constant temperature and the fluid considered is air. The numerical scheme is based on the finite volume method adapted to square uniform mesh elements by a nonlinear parametric solution algorithm. Results are obtained for a range of Richardson number from 1 to 10 obtained by varying the Reynolds number only .at Pr = 0.71 with constant physical properties. At the outlet of the computational domain a convective boundary condition (CBC) is used. The results indicate that the average Nusselt number Nu and the dimensionless bulk average temperature (?av) of the fluid on the heated wall strongly depend on the positioning of the inlet and outlet. The basic nature of the resulting interaction between the forced external air stream and the buoyancy-driven flow by the heated wall is explained by the heat transfer coefficient and the patterns of the streamlines and isotherms.

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On the exact solutions of fractional differentional equations using improved Riccati equations method[ ]


The main objective of this paper is to use the fractional complex transformation to convert the nonlinear partial fractional differential equa-tions to the nonlinear ordinary differential equations. We showed that the fractional complex transformation is valid only in the case that fractional differential equations had general "wave" solutions. We used the improved Riccati equations method and obtained the exact solutions for nonlinear partial fractional differential equations. As an application we got the exact solutions for the space-time fractional generalized Zakharov equations and space-time fractional generalized Hirota–Satsuma coupled KdV equations. Also we gave a new solutions for the improved Riccati equations. This method is efficient and powerful in solving wide classes of nonlinear evolution fractional order equations. These explicit exact solutions contained solitary wave solutions, periodic wave solutions and the combined formal solitary wave solutions. The method can also be applied to solve more nonlinear partial differential equations. Finally, By comparison our new solutions by the other results we found that our solutions are new and not be found before.

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Prediction of Human Character through Automated Script Analysis[ ]


In the contemporary study a method has been suggested for the behavioral prediction of a person through automated script analysis. The current work classifies the psychological individuality in the writing namely size, slant and pressure, baseline, number of breaks, margins, speed of writing and spacing between the words. The script is analyzed through Image Processing in MATLAB. The behavioral pattern of the person is predicted from the above individuality of the script. The developed system identifies handwritten script strictly which may not be attainable by a graphologist. It is real time system and involves less image preprocessing. The proposed system is calibrated with manual analysis. The results obtained through the system are in good concord to more than 80 percent of the cases with ideal manual analysis.

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An extended Riccati sub-equation method to establish new exact solutions for fraction nonlinear differentional difference lattice equations[ ]


The main objective of this paper is to apply the Riccati sub-equation method to establish new exact solutions for the nonlinear component fractional Hybrid lattice Equation. As a result, new traveling wave solutions including hyperbolic function solutions, trigonometric function solutions and rational function solutions are obtained. Our solutions can be viewed as a generalization to the results which found in some recent published papers.

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Coverage Criteria for Testing SQL Queries[ ]


Database query language could be difficult to non-expert users and learning formal queries takes a lot of time. Accessing a database requires machine-readable instructions that not everybody is supposed to know, they should be able to ask a question in natural language without knowing either the underlying database schema or any complex structured machine language. Also, we can type a question or a sentence in their natural language. We will use mapping between natural language and the database SQL query. In this paper, we will use the coverage criteria for evaluating the adequacy of a test suite for SQL queries that retrieve information from the database that join information from different tables and whish, selected data is further processed. We will use automatic mapping of questions into SQL queries. We apply test case on AdventureWorks2012 database and use different condition coverage criteria for representing all possible combinations and results of evaluation conditions for a SQL query then coverage criteria used to develop test inputs queries from a real-life application.

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AM I CORRUPT?...(A New theory on “ OOZHAL”)[ ]


OOZHAL… OOZHAL… OOZHAL?… A proto indo Europe root word OOZHAL shall mean “HONEST”. OOZHIAM, OOZHIAN shall mean “Honest Service”, “Honest person” having high level ‘INTEGRITY’. This Scientific research focus that HUMAN ANCESTOR who lived in “WHITE PLANET” (White Mars) shall be considered as having absolute integrity. During the course of Expanding universe the personality traits become corrupted genetically due to varied environmental condition and transformed to “EARTH PLANET”. The genetically varied new population shall be considered as origin of tribal population on the earth planet.

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Reconfigurable architecture of Advanced Encryption Standard with Improved Performance[ ]


The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is a secret key cryptographic algorithm used for secure data transmission. AES has four major transformations, out of that Sub-byte transformation is the most expensive one in terms of area and Mix-column transformation in terms of speed. Proposed paper presents hardware implementation of Sub-bytes transformation using combinational logic and Read Only Memory (ROM) base. As compared to the typical ROM based lookup table, the Combinational Logic implementation is capable of higher speeds since it can be pipelined and small in terms of area occupancy.

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Microwave Welding: A Comparative Analysis with Contemporary Methods of Welding Thermoplastic Based on Prioritization Matrix[ ]


Thermoplastics are groups of materials characterized by large molecules that built up by the joining of smaller molecules. They do not have a specific melting temperature. Hence welding of thermoplastics has become a difficult problem. A number of methods right from utilization of conventional heat sources to radiant energy heat sources has developed for welding of thermoplastics. However not a single method can be used in all the cases. The aim of the present paper is to study, analyze and discuss the characteristics of the existing processes in order to establish suitability of the process. In addition, the paper tries to search out the characteristics, needs and the suitability of the future process microwave welding.

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Fingerprint Matcher System[ ]


Nowadays need of increased security in various domains of real life activities demands Automatic Authentication System with fast execution time and accuracy. There are different biometric technologies. But among all biometric technologies, Automatic Fingerprint Matcher System is widely used for person verification and identification. In the Fingerprint Matcher system, different matching methods and algorithms are available. Matching methods and algorithms based on minutiae are more robust and reliable. From last many decades, the research is going on to improve the Automatic Fingerprint Authentication System based on software solutions because it is not required to remember any pin or password using such automatic authentication system. This paper has proposed an Automatic Fingerprint Matcher System based on minutiae extraction and minutiae matching. Moreover, in this paper the techniques used for feature extraction and matching are also described. The experimental results shown in this paper describes the working of the system using FVC2000 database.

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Stability of Parametrically Driven Dark Lattice Solitons in Nanoscale Systems[ ]


In this paper, we consider a parametrically driven nanoscale device modelled by discrete nonlinear Schrodinger equation. To determine the stability of fundamental dark solitons, analytical and numerical calculations are performed. We show that a parametric driving can change the stability of dark solitons. Stability windows of fundamental dark solitons are presented and stability approximations are derived using perturbation theory, with numerical results.

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A Simulation Method for Activated Sludge Systems[ ]


The aim of this paper is to develop a simulation method for activated sludge systems consisting of an aeration pond and settler. The importance of the study is to conduct the simulation of the system with an optimization algorithm so that the optimum design variables for a wastewater treatment system can be determined and the concentrations of activated sludge components in the ponds which are necessary during optimization can also be estimated concurrently. A serial-three-stage simulation is performed within a sequential quadratic optimization algorithm where the minimum cost (investment and operational) is defined as objective function. The optimum design variables can be defined using this method for a known inlet flow rate and composition as well as the desired outlet characteristics. Furthermore, the effect of initial guesses to the optimization results is considered. The simulations are executed in Matlab® and fmincon is used as optimization algorithm with some improvements.

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Data mining in marketing[ ]


Data mining in marketing is operation of analyzing data from different perspectives in order to summarize and analyze to discover useful information. So, when firms discover the patterns or the relationships of data, they will able to use it to increase profits or reduce costs, or both (Palace 1996). Nowadays, firms want to increase customers, and data mining is a good way to help firms to get more customers. The traditional process of marketing through advertising media costs firms a lot of money and the costs of advertising will add to the product. Data mining can help firms to track customers’ purchases, so it can help firms not only on price but it can help firms to do competition on services (Welge, 2001).

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Does social bond matter in customer’s commitment? An Empirical investigation on universities students in China.[ ]


The purpose of our study is to investigate the relationship among social bond, e-satisfaction, e-trust and customer’s commitment, based on data collected from universities students in mainland China. We used a random sampling paper based survey approach; Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) has been performed to examine the reliability and validity of the measurement model. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique was used to examine the hypotheses of the causal model. According to our study social bond has not any impact on customer’s commitment via e-satisfaction and e-trust in e-tailing. We used students segment of e-tailing as a sample unit, but our results are similar with previous studies. However, managerial implications, study limitations and future research directions are provided in the subsequent section of findings.

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Emulsion produced from fluted pumpkin (telfiaria occidentalis hook f) seeds oil and physico-chemical properties[ ]


Oil-in-water emulsion was produced from the oil extracted from fluted pumpkin seeds, the extraction were carried out using two different solvent systems such as normal hexane and petroleum ether separately. Production of oil in water emulsion was also carried out with olive oil as reference standard. The physical and chemical properties of emulsions were determined after extraction of the oil and production of emulsions. The relative density of the emulsion showed that the petroleum ether emulsion were denser 0.93880kg/m3 compare n-hexane emulsion 0.93328kg/m3 and olive oil emulsion 0.93582kg/m3 respectively. The viscosity values of the emulsion, 1.90v was for olive oil emulsion; whilst 1.8v and 1.8v are for n-hexane extracts emulsion and petroleum ether emulsion respectively. The chemical characterization of the emulsions showed acid values of n-hexane emulsion (0.32±0.02mgKOH/g) and petroleum ether emulsion (0.32±0.01 mgKOH/g) respectively. The iodine values of the emulsion, 60.15±0.02 mgI2/g olive oil, N-hexane oil emulsion 73.18±0.02 mgI2/g and petroleum ether oil emulsion 72.81±0.13 mgI2/g respectively. Petroleum ether emulsion 140.4+ 0.20mgKOH/g, which was significantly lower (p<0.05) compared to emulsion extracted with n-hexane 148.1± 2.01mgKOH/g Saponification values. Peroxide value of emulsion extracted with n-hexane 0.22+0.02mEq/kg, peroxide value of emulsion extracted with petroleum ether 0.22+0.15mEq/kg and this was not significant (p<0.05). This low peroxide values, were observed to be non-significant at 95% confidence interval. This result suggests that emulsions produced from olive oil had microbial load or contamination 6.67x104 cell/ml, while microbial contamination of 2.67x105 cells/ml was detected for N-hexane and pet ether emulsion.

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Influence of Blood Pressure and some Physiological Parameters of Health Importance on Adolescents’ Academic Performance[ ]


The relationship among Blood Pressure (BP), Body Temperature (T), Body Mass Index (BMI) and Academic Performance of part two Physics students (n = 120, aged between 17 – 33 years) before, during and after the modern physics examination has been studied with a view to determining the influence of these important physiological parameters on students’ performance in the course. The subjects’ weights were measured using a standard electronic weighing machine while the heights were taken having the subjects stand against a calibrated wall. The systolic/diastolic blood pressure (mmHg), pulse rate (per minute), body temperature (oC) were also determined using KA 114 Aneroid Sphygmomanometer, Stethoscope and clinical thermometer respectively by a trained field assistant. Using SPSS software, correlations were sought among these parameters at 0.01 and 0.05 levels of significance. Significant correlations (at 0.05 level) were obtained between students’ academic performance in the course and pulse rate (r = 0.235), height (r = -0.310), systolic blood pressure (r = -0.804) as well as diastolic blood pressure (r = -0.478). When the subjects were stratified on the basis of their BP during the examination (Hyper-, Normal and Hypo-), significant differences occurred at 0.05 level from ANOVA and post-hoc test (f =115.063, p<0.0001) conducted. The results also indicated that students with normal BP performed better than those who were hypotensive and hypertensive. This indicates that the level of an individual’s academic performance could be influenced by their nutritional status and these physiological parameters.

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Response to Uttarakhand Disaster 2013[ ]


Uttarakhand is one of the most vulnerable hill states to natural disasters. On 16-17 June 2013, the state suffered its worst disaster in the living memory with huge loss of lives and widespread destruction. As per the initial estimates the disaster claimed a massive death toll and numerous persons were reported missing. The disaster coincided with the peak tourist and pilgrimage season significantly enhancing the number of the causalities with attendant adverse impact on the immediate rescue and relief operations. The mountainous region of Uttarakhand forms part of the Himalaya, which is the youngest folded mountain range in the world. Consisting mostly of uplifted sedimentary and metamorphic rocks and tectonically very active, the region is extremely vulnerable to natural disasters. During the last 100 years, there have been a series of disasters in the Himalayan belt, earthquakes, flash floods and landslides being the major ones.

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