Volume 8, Issue 5, May 2017 Edition


Publication for Volume 8, Issue 5, May 2017.

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Thermal and Kinetic Studies of Trinitrotoluene (TNT) and Amatol Vis-a-Vis Oxygen Balance[ ]


Trinitrotoluene (TNT) an extensively used explosive in military has major drawback of incomplete oxidation on detonation due to negative oxygen balance which effects its performance. This anomaly has been addressed by mixing TNT with the ammonium nitrate in the ratio of 20% TNT and ammonium nitrate 80% known as 80/20 amatol explosive. This paper focuses on the thermal and kinetic study of TNT and 80/20 amatol vis-à-vis oxygen balance. Thermal and kinetic parameters along with the oxygen balance of both TNT and 80/20 amatol have been determined using simultaneous thermal analysis. The experiments show that 80/20 amatol beside undergoing almost complete oxidation has more blast effects and is safer in handling in comparison with the TNT due to the higher activation energy and higher decomposition temperature.

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NOVEL PASSIVE NEGATIVE AND POSITIVE CLAMPER CIRCUITS DESIGN FOR ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS[ ]


In this paper, models for negative and positive clamper circuits were developed. The models developed were simulated and data collected. Simulation results obtained showed that series capacitance needed to design negative clamper circuit was directly proportional to the duty cycle and period of the input signal. Considering the positive clamper circuit, the series capacitance is inversely proportional to the duty cycle and directly proportional to the period of the input signal. Looking at the parallel resistance, the parallel resistance needed to design negative clamper circuit is inversely proportional to the duty cycle but for positive clamper circuit, the parallel resistance is directly proportional to the duty cycle of the input signal. The models were also validated using Simscape and the results agreed. The models developed were simulated using Matrix Laboratory (MatLab).

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Internet of Things: Security Perspective Survey[ ]


As the communications becoming faster and faster, computing power becoming cheaper world sets its foot in new era of computing technology, Internet of things which involves connection of billions of cyber-physical systems overcoming their complexity and heterogeneity is near future. Although internet of things will makes lives smarter with various concepts such as smart cities, security and privacy of such a huge network will be a big issue. Security and privacy are major areas of internet of thing structure which needs to be carefully addressed and resolved so that human lives are prevented from various threats and vulnerabilities. Although lots of research is going on internet of things, it will be important to note down various fact and data which will be helpful for guiding the futuristic research. This paper carries a survey on various important topics in internet of things security such as threats and attacks, architecture, privacy issues, data security, physical layer security models, communication technologies and security issues relative to cloud.

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THREATS, CHALLENGES, SECURITY OF WIRE LESS BODY AREA NETWORKS (WBAN) USING IEEE 802.15.4/ZIGBEE[ ]


Development in low-power chip circuits, ultra low-power RF (radio frequency) technology, wireless communications and micro sensors acceptable the ability of Wireless Physique Breadth Networks (WBANs). It is one of the latest approaches in medical identification, administration and aswell key architecture block for approaching advised networks and Internet. Wireless BAN has a adequacy to action and acquaint abstracts of affection beat, motion, respiration, physique temperature, sound, beating and claret pressure. Non-invasive sensors can be acclimated to mechanically adviser physiological reading, which can be advanced to abutting devices, as corpuscle buzz as a gateway. The IEEE 802.15.4 (ZigBee) is advised to accommodate a low-power, low abstracts amount agreement alms a top reliability. In this paper, it is presented an overview of wireless physique breadth networks (WBANs), its applications, challenges and WBAN aegis concerns. It is provided a abundant investigational Parameters of IEEE 802.15.4 (ZigBee), its Operations, Functionality and allegory with OSI Model and Task Group 6 (TG6) aegis issues. Finally, it is fetched to ablaze some of the architecture challenges and accessible issues that still charge to be addressed to accomplish WBANs and ZigBee absolutely ubiquitously for a ample ambit of application.

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Development and Fabrication of Three Directional Modern Trailer Using Pneumatic System[ ]


This project work titled “PNEUMATIC THREE AXES MODERN TRAILER” has been conceived having studied the various methods employed and difficulty in dumping materials.Conventional trailers unload materials only in one direction that is at the backside of the vehicle. This may cause the problems of blockage when the work area is limited. This Multidirectional dumper overcomes the problem of unloading the vehicle by using Pneumatic cylinder and worm gear arrangement through which the material can be unloaded in 180 degrees as per requirement. The three dumper is developed and tested for its movement in all possible angle (180 degrees) to unload the materials with the inclinations monitored and controlled.

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A Novel Mathematical Model for Photovoltaic Module[ ]


The analysis of photovoltaic systems starts by the modeling and the analysis of the photovoltaic generator. This study introduces a novel mathematical model for photovoltaic module based on its manufacturing datasheet and the recorded ambient temperature and solar irradiation. Where, this novel mathematical model is obtained using the electrical equivalent circuit of photovoltaic module and bond graph methodology. In this study, all the parameters of the photovoltaic module will be given as a function of the recorded ambient temperature and solar irradiation. To prove the accuracy of the proposed model comparisons are done under standard test conditions.

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Implementation and Evaluation of Outcome-Present Test (OPT) - Peer Learning Model to Improve Clinical Reasoning Skill among Nursing Students[ ]


Clinical reasoning is the core of nursing education to improve students’ knowledge and psychomotor skills in clinical settings so that they are capable of delivering excellent and safe nursing care. OPT model has been widely used as an effective method to improve students’ clinical reasoning, but there is still no evidence regarding its implementation through peer learning strategy at intensive care unit (ICU).

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IDENTIFY THE FACTORS WHICH EFFECTS ON QUALITY OF CARE IN DHQ HOSPITAL FAISALABAD’[ ]


Quality care has become an important aspect in the development of healthcare services. Patient satisfaction on healthcare quality plays a vital part on the assessment of healthcare frequently. All health care providers should realize the fact, that the main beneficiary of health care system is clearly the patient. Patients who are satisfied stay with the hospital for long term, and also come back or recommend the hospital for others. The study is to “IDENTIFY THE FACTORS WHICH EFFECTS ON QUALITY OF CARE IN DHQ HOSPITAL FAISALABAD”. There are many factors that affect directly and indirectly in hospitals and some of them are noise pollution, shortage of staff, over burden of work, inappropriate behavior of the staff that causes decrease in the improvement of healthcare services. Nurses should attend the lectures for improving the Quality of care. Organization should distribute the pamphlets regarding benefits and risk factors among the nurses as well as for patients for improving their knowledge regarding quality of care. Administration should arrange a proper physical environment which should be noise free, and clean for avoiding further problems related to noise and non-cleanliness.

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Design and Analysis of Halo orbits around L1 Libration point for Sun-Earth system[ ]


In the last few years, the interest concerning the libration points for space applications has risen within scientific community. This is because the libration points are the natural equilibrium solutions of the restricted three body problem.

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Relevance Of E-Library Facility to the Delivery of Education at the High School: An Example From Ghana[ ]


This study assessed the performance of the e-library projects that MTN built at Suma Ahenkro SHS and the impact of the e-library facility on the teaching and learning processes of the school. The worth of the conventional library (old library) is gradually losing its usefulness in the modern day educational structure as compared to the previous years. The study deployed probability sampling technique to select 75 sampled individuals from the target population. The target population of the study was the users of the e-library facility in the school. Questionnaire was the method used to collection data for the study. The respondent provided answers to 20 compulsory questions. The data analysis plan used for the analyzing the collected data was Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) research analysis tool. The results of the research analysis indicated that, per the biographical data of respondent, there were 57% female and 43% male according to the gender distribution of respondents. Some of the results recorded from the research analysis were the level of utilization of the e-library, the respondents’ level of access to internet, regularity of visiting the e-library, the rate of using the e-library for research by the respondents. Finally the e-library facility has a positive impact on both teaching and learning because it has impact on both teachers and students and other respondents. The research found out that the e-library system has improved the seriousness of reading among the population which has enhanced students’ performance for the past years. However the study identified some few challenges of the system which includes limited number of computers, intermittent access to internet, etc. The project if implemented at all SHS schools in the country could facilitate the improvement of teaching and learning processes at that level.

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Analysis of Privacy Preserving Clustering Approach over Horizontally Partitioned Data[ ]


Data mining is the most current topic in research area. From a very long time we are working on this topic that is how we can secure our database. There are many problems which are associated with this topic like data missing, data lost, hence we explain some approaches like hierarichal clustering, homomorphic encryption, k-means clustering and SMC by these techniques database which is horizontally divided can be preserved by using clustering. We also focus on other approaches then clustering or the approaches which are used on vertically partitioned data. In this paper we focus on horizontally distributed data. We give a tabular literature review of some techniques in tabular form.

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Prediction of Hydrodynamic and Structural Behavior of V- Fin Depressors[ ]


Oceanographic applications require an underwater body to be moved deep under the water column. This is usually facilitated by towed cable array system. A hydrodynamic depressor is a well-known tool used in oceanographic practice for the purpose of generating depressive force (downward force) and supporting towed systems at fixed depth. The present study focus on CFD analysis in ANSYS FLUENT on V- Fin depressors with two types of wing configuration (NACA 0012 and NACA 0015). The hydrodynamic characteristics such as lift and drag forces, lift and drag coefficients, velocity and pressure distribution around the depressor are evaluated at a speed of 5 and 10 knots by varying the angle of attack (AOA). The structural analysis of the depressor configuration is carried out in ANSYS workbench. It was found that V-fin depressor with NACA 0015 wing configuration provided maximum negative lift and structural strength when compared with NACA 0012 at different towing speeds and AOA.

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A Novel Method for the Contrast Enhancement of Fog Degraded Video Sequences utilizing Guided Filter[ ]


Mist and cloudiness debase the nature of see and caught video by decreasing the differentiation and immersion. Therefore the deceivability of scene or question. The goal of the present work is to upgrade the deceivability, immersion differentiate and decrease the clamor in a foggy video. The strategy is proposed which utilize single edge for improving foggy recordings in multi level transmission outline. The strategy is quick and free from commotion or antiques that for the most part emerge in such upgrade strategies. An examination with existing strategies demonstrates that the proposed strategy execution better as far as both preparing time and quality. The proposed technique works continuously for VGA determination. The proposed work likewise displays a plan to expel mist rain and snow continuously. Finally different metrics are calculated for knowing the quality of a reconstructed video and are compared with the previous technique.

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AN APPROACH FOR ENERGY EFFICIENT RESOURCE ALLOCATION IN MIMO SYSTEM OVER WIRELESS FADING CHANNEL[ ]


In this paper, we think the issue of perfect power control for deferral obliged correspondence over obscuring channels. To grow the way of organization (QoS) the power should be controlled. We will likely find a power control law that redesigns the connection layer execution, particularly, limits postpone bound infringement likelihood (or identically, the parcel drop likelihood), subject to imperatives by and large power, landing rate, and concede bound. The transmission bolster size is thought to be restricted; thusly, when the support is full, there will be package drop. The obscuring channel under our survey has a steady state, e.g., Rayleigh obscuring. Since particularly handling the power control issue (which progresses the association layer execution) is particularly trying, we break down it into three sub issues, and deal with the three sub-issues iteratively; we call the consequent arrangement Joint Queue Length Aware (JQLA) control, which creates a neighborhood ideal answer for the three sub issues. We demonstrate that the arrangement that all the while takes care of the three sub-issues is likewise an ideal answer for the ideal power control issue. Reproduction comes about demonstrate that the JQLA plot accomplishes better execution over the time territory water filling and the truncated channel inversion control. E.g., JQLA achieves 10 dB get up at package drop probability of 10¡3, over the time territory water filling power control.

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A Study on the Settlement Pattern of “Dherr” Community in Chittagong, Bangladesh[ ]


Chittagong is well-known for being the home of different ethnic groups of Bangladesh. These indigenous people have their own individual culture, spiritual belief and lifestyle, which are visible in their habitation. Dherr is one of them who lives in the village named ‘Swapnanagar’ previously called ‘Dherr para’ in Chandanaish upazilla, Chittagong. These people were brought here from Birbhum-Bankura, north-eastern part of India by the British companies to work in the tea estates about 150 years ago. Upon arrival to a new land they were forced to live in a distinct housing system surrounded by hilly area and forest where they face constant fear of wild elephantattack. The wild elephants enter their habitats in search of food and damage their crops and houses. As a result the community adapts some practices and techniques in their housing and built pattern to cope with the wild nature. This paper attempts to investigate the characteristics of Dherr community’s settlement pattern through ethnographic research method. Moreover this study focuses on adaptation of new techniques to enhance the resistance capacity of their houses under hostile situation.

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Determination of coefficient of skin frictions for riblet and smooth plate models [ ]


Drag reduction in wall-bounded flows can be achieved by the passive flow control technique, riblets. In this article, two model flat surfaces, smooth and riblet were investigated using hot wire anemometry method to determine their coefficient of skin frictions and hence, possible drag reductions. The results obtained indicate that the riblet flat plate model had coefficient of skin friction Cf= 0.0056 while the smooth one had Cf = 0.0059. These results indicates that 5.1% drag reduction can be achieved from the application of riblets technology in wall-bounded flows.

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Food Security and Nutrition Quality Status: A Review Explanation of Pakistan[ ]


Now-a-days, reduction in poverty and global food insecurity are becoming more challenging. Such challenges are more complex as com-pare to three decades ago. The recent challenge that hinder to get food security includes food price instability. It is related to increase in energy costs, uncertainty in financial markets as well as impact of climate changes this paper will discuss about food security issue related to Pakistan. Food availability, accessibility and utilization in Pakistan. In order to improve the child health, mother’s education in poor families is more conspicuous than in non-poor families. Pakistan’s economic growth mainly depends on agriculture sector. Due to this sector, income of small farmers increases. Rural development, improvement in agriculture and rural industries as well as the employment opportunities enhances.

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Overview of Autonomic Computing Systems[ ]


Today software systems are becoming more dynamic, unmanageable, heterogeneous and complex day by day. IT companies are facing problems in maintaining, storing, and managing software systems. Solution to these problems is to develop software systems based on Autonomic computing. Researchers and scientists have put their ideas to develop software systems based on autonomic computing. These software systems can manage themselves by their own or with minimal human interference and they only require high level guidance from human experts. Autonomic computing based software systems can maintain and adapt themselves according to the changing IT environment so they are solution to increasing dynamism, unmanageability and increasing complexity. This paper tends to provide a survey of autonomous systems, their challenges, characteristics, architecture and applications.

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A Study on Joint Stiffness of a Typical BIW Structure to Qualify Its NVH Behavior[ ]


In the automotive industry, noise and vibration of vehicles play an important role in environmental noise pollution and comfort of the driver and passengers since it affects the overall performance of the vehicle. Hence an effort is made to bring down the Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) characteristics at early design stages. One of the considerations for better NVH behavior is the stiffness properties at critical joints in a body-in-white (BIW). Stiffness values at different joints plays an important role in the NVH characteristics of a BIW structure of an automobile. The stiffness values are used to study the NVH characteristics of the vehicle.

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Natural Radionuclides Present in Air and Water near Nuclear Research Reactor Savar Bangladesh[ ]


The radioactivity levels of naturally occurring radionuclides 226Ra, 228Ra and 40K in eighteen water and eight air samples, collected from Savar Atomic Energy Center Bangladesh, were determined using gamma ray spectrometry system using a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector of 40% relative efficiency. The air samples had activity concentrations of 226Ra, 228Ra and 40K varied from 1.49±0.00 to 613.56±0.01, 0.00±0.01 to 79.90±0.02 and 19.70±0.05 to 206.82±0.00 mBq/m3respectively.

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The Study of Safe-Level SMOTE Method in Unbalanced Data Classification[ ]


Class imbalanced data is a condition that the number of observations in one class is much greater than the other class. SMOTE method was known as a pioneer in dealing with balanced data issues. One of the methods which inspired by SMOTE is safe-level SMOTE. This study examines the safe-level SMOTE method by applying it to the various types of simulation data which built on the proportion of data imbalances, the number of nearest neighbors, and the position of minority to the majority data on the scatter plot diagram. There were three basic positions of minority to the majority data, such as separated, intersected, and overlaid. The research conclusions were obtained based on paired t-test for F-measure which generated by the prediction process using radial basis kernel SVM. The results showed that in the some kind of unpartitioned minority class instances, such as intersected and overlaid, safe-level SMOTE had a better performance than SMOTE method generally. In contrast, when the minority class instances were separated to the majority class then the both methods had a same performance. In the case of partitioned minority class instances, when the the greater proportion of minority class instances were positioned to be intersected or overlaid to the majority class instances, safe-level SMOTE method showed a better performance than SMOTE method. When the greater proportion of minority class instances were positioned separatedly to the majority class instances then the decisions to accept H0 were increasing.

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Corporate Social Responsibility in Service Sector Perspective: Applications in Commercial Banking Sector in Sri Lanka[ ]


The purpose of this study is to review the theories related to CSR, the role of CSR as an integral part of the strategy and business model of both Sampath and Commercial banks in Sri Lanka. Further sustainability of the business, stakeholder’s interest and CSR effect on service recovery has been investigated with the support of secondary data such as annual reports and previous researches. The researcher has adopted deductive approach to review concepts, theories and previous literature in developing the case. Further this study has been developed as a mix strategy. It was noted that both banks are very focus on their CSR activities thereby achieve sustainability goals, financial and nonfinancial goals of the bank. In addition to create value for shareholders and stake holders.

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Identification of Groundwater Recharge Potential Zones for Devasugur nala Watershed Using Remote Sensing and GIS in Raichur District, Karnataka[ ]


Groundwater is considered as the preferred source of water for meeting domestic, industrial and agricultural requirements, due to its longer residence time in the ground, low level of contamination, wide distribution, and availability within the reach of the end user. In this study, nine different thematic layers were generated and used. Among the nine layers, six layers viz., geology, soil, land use/cover, watertable fluctuation, depth to bed rock and slope maps were generated from the different data sources.

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CorrelationbetweenHouseholds’IncomesandRentals-CalabarMunicipality (1994-2009)[ ]


Between1998 and 2009Calabar urban housingrentalsmade a risingmark of 1, 200% foralltypes of propertiesoccupied with nocorrespondingincrease in households’disposableincomes. It becameworthwhile to query if any relationshipexistedbetweenbothvariablesformiddle-class householdsbearing in mindtheirothernumeroushouseholdneedsbesideshousing. A survey approach was used in four housing geographical areas of Calabar municipality and structured questionnaire used to elicit data from screened 79, sampled households (55 tenants and 24 Landlords). The researcher formulated one hypothesis to guide the course of the research work. The analytical tools used included simple percentages, and Pearson Product Moment Coefficient of Correlation. The hypothesis was tested at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that generally, there existed a strong, positive significant relationship between middle-class households’ incomes and their rentals. At group levels: a weak positive insignificant, a negativeinsignificant, and a significant, near-perfectpositiverelationshipsexistedbetweenrentalsanddisposable incomes for low-middle, middle-middle and upper-middle households respectively. Upper-middle households lived in sub-standard housing to achieve positive correlation between their incomes and rentals.

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TO IDENTIFY THE FACTORS WHICH AFFECTS ON QUALITY CARE IN DHQ HOSPITAL FAISALABAD[ ]


Quality care has become an important aspect in the development of healthcare services. Patient satisfaction on healthcare quality plays a vital part on the assessment of healthcare frequently. All health care providers should realize the fact, that the main beneficiary of health care system is clearly the patient. Patients who are satisfied stay with the hospital for long term, and also come back or recommend the hospital for others. Quality healthcare is providing the right healthcare services in a right way in the right place at the right time by the right provider to the right individual for the right price to get the right results.

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Comparison of Membership Function in Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System for Prediction of Respiratory Disorder System[ ]


These instructions give you guidelines for In this study, Adaptive-Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) approach, introduced by Jang (1993) was employed to investigate its applicability in predicting Respiratory disorder. The ANFIS combines the explicit knowledge representation of Fuzzy Inference System with the learning power of Artificial Neural Networks, therefore it is a very powerful approach to build complex relationship between a set of input and output data.

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Investigation on Heat Transfer Rate in Concentric Tube Heat Exchanger Using Pentagonal Shape Inserts in ANSYS FLUENT 14.5 with Varying Mass Flow Rate for Parallel Flow[ ]


Cylindrical pipes are used very extensively in a lot of heat transfer and engineering applications. They have found extensive use in various types of Heat Exchangers, in Automobile, in thermal power plants. There are three modes of heat transfer namely Conduction, Convection, Radiation. The heat transfer in Heat Exchanger usually involves convection on each side of fluids and conduction through the wall separating the two fluids. In this project a circular double pipe heat exchanger is modeled and CFD analysis is performed on it. In this present work, the heat transfer and friction factor in circular tube channel with or without insert has been analyzed, and its dependency on geometrical spacing is reported for parallel flow concentric tube heat exchanger in this study.

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STUDYING THE NON-TRADITIONAL SILL FORMS ON ENERGY DISSIPATORS[ ]


In the context of dissipating the energy in thewater flowingthroughcontrol structures, this research was initiated in order to distract a large portion of the energy before reaching earth bed of the canal. This was achieved by carrying out experiments to a model with a non-traditional sill. A crescent shaped ( ) fixed at its lower part withdifferentdiameter(d)to lintel heightlintel(h0)ratio(i.e. d / h0 = 1.00 - 0.85 - 0.67) where their upper part is rotated about the center by three angles (0, 10 and 20o). Placed at arelative distance from the gate(i.e. Lb/ Lf = 0.187, 0.25, 0.375)in order to investigatethe impact of theseratiosin reducing thehydraulicjump length. For compari-son purposes, trials were conductedwithout lintel.

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SYNTHESIS AND CHARECTERIZATON OF SOME TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES WITH SCHIFF BASE LIGAND AND THEIR APPLICATION IN AGRICULTURE[ ]


The present investigation is carried out for synthesis the new Schiff base ligand by the 2-aminophenol and acetyl acetone, benzophenone and their complexes with the Cu (II), Zn (II), Mn (II), Fe (II) complexes. The experimental methods we used are characterization and analysis of complexes are Uv and IR. Schiff bases and their transition metal complexes, containing nitrogen and oxygen donor atoms, play an important role in biological and inorganic research and have been studied extensively due to their unique coordination and biological properties. Transition Metal Schiff base complexes have found applications in various fields such as medicine, agriculture industries.

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Determination of coefficient of skin frictions for riblet and smooth plate models [ ]


Drag reduction in wall-bounded flows can be achieved by the passive flow control technique, riblets. In this article, two model flat surfaces, smooth and riblet were investigated using hot wire anemometry method to determine their coefficient of skin frictions and hence, possible drag reductions. The results obtained indicate that the riblet flat plate model had coefficient of skin friction Cf= 0.0056 while the smooth one had Cf = 0.0059. These results indicates that 5.1% drag reduction can be achieved from the application of riblets technology in wall-bounded flows.

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Service Discovery in Wireless Mesh Network[ ]


Wireless Mesh Network have gotten a great deal of consideration recently. They offer the adaptability of remote get to, joined with a high scope region; they likewise offer correspondence between heterogeneous spaces. Remote work systems (WMNs) comprise of work switches and work customers, where work switches have insignificant versatility and frame the foundation of WMNs. They give organize access to both work and routine customers. The incorporation of WMNs with different systems, for example, the Internet, cell, IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15, IEEE 802.16, sensor network, and so on., can be proficient through the door and connecting capacities in the work switches.

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Extent of Seawater Intrusion from Chwaka and Uzi bays into Jozani Groundwater Forest, Zanzibar, Tanzania[ ]


The rise in the total dissolved solids (TDS) in a coastal land is among the signs of seawater intrusion into the land. In many cases, the magnitude of the effects of seawater intrusion depends upon the proximity of the land to the coast, amount, and patterns of freshwater recharging the aquifer underneath.

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STUDY ON OUT FALLS IN SHALLOW CROSS FLOWS[ ]


This paper presents the results of a laboratory study on the mixing of circular jets discharged into shallow water streams. The experiments were carried out with different concentration and with a velocity ratio ( varying from 3.5 to 10 where  is the ratio of the velocity of the jet stream to the cross flow velocities. Three, two and one ports were used, the spacing S between the ports was 6d, 8d and 16d where d is the diameter of the nozzle.

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The Study of Safe-Level SMOTE Method in Unbalanced Data Classification[ ]


Class imbalanced data is a condition that the number of observations in one class is much greater than the other class. SMOTE method was known as a pioneer in dealing with balanced data issues. One of the methods which inspired by SMOTE is safe-level SMOTE. This study examines the safe-level SMOTE method by applying it to the various types of simulation data which built on the proportion of data imbalances, the number of nearest neighbors, and the position of minority to the majority data on the scatter plot diagram. There were three basic positions of minority to the majority data, such as separated, intersected, and overlaid. The research conclusions were obtained based on paired t-test for F-measure which generated by the prediction process using radial basis kernel SVM. The results showed that in the some kind of unpartitioned minority class instances, such as intersected and overlaid, safe-level SMOTE had a better performance than SMOTE method generally. In contrast, when the minority class instances were separated to the majority class then the both methods had a same performance. In the case of partitioned minority class instances, when the the greater proportion of minority class instances were positioned to be intersected or overlaid to the majority class instances, safe-level SMOTE method showed a better performance than SMOTE method. When the greater proportion of minority class instances were positioned separatedly to the majority class instances then the decisions to accept H0 were increasing.

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Pages   [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [U]