Volume 6, Issue 5, May 2015 Edition

Publication for Volume 6, Issue 5, May 2015.

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An Intelligent Speed Control of Brushless SEDC Motor by using PID, Fuzzy Logic Controller and Neuro- Fuzzy Logic Controller[ ]


In modern era, there are not less than six billion motors built in worldwide every year. The Brushless separately excited DC motors are an integral part of industrial plants. In industrial application the demand of BLSEDC motors for low-cost and good quality have increased. The electric appliances, electric aircraft and electric trains have continuous demand growing for automotive industry. The many researchers have proposed different control method for advancing DC motor. Using conventional methods we cannot derive or control multi-variable and non-linear system. In this paper, we proposed BLSEDCM (Brushless Separately Excited DC Motor) using conventional PID controller, Fuzzy Logic controller and Neuro-fuzzy logic controller technique. The proposed methodology gave low-cost excellent flexibility, good robustness, adaptability and also gave high precision to the system. The speed estimator Neuro-fuzzy controller shows that the speed is very closed to desired speed over transient operating conditions and large operating range.

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Design Concepts Towards Electric Powered Gari Frying Machine[ ]


The most critical unit of operation while processing cassava into gari is the gari frying which occurs as a result of the simultaneous cooking and dehydrating the moisture content present by the application of heat. Traditional method had been established of frying gari, this has been exposing the fryer to various health disorders. This paper highlights the design concept of the electric gari frying machine which will help to alleviate these health disorders, by making gari frying appealing to the farmers. Gari frying should be done on hygienic principles with modern available technology therefore the frying process was analyzed; required components were identified and designed to specification. The required engineering drawings that will aid its production were produced as well as the projected production cost of the machine specification. The machine mode of operation was discussed and it can be concluded that the machine will be highly efficient and will ease the work of the farmers.

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Retrofitting Process of an Existing Building With Respect To Seismic Consideration in Bangladesh[ ]


There might be many buildings in Bangladesh which do not meet the current seismic requirement and as a result may suffer much damage during the earthquake. Especially the older buildings which were constructed without the consideration of proper seismic forces should be evaluated for seismic load and retrofitted accordingly. If remedial measures are taken based on seismic evaluation, much damage can be overcome. The objective of the research here is to evaluate the existing building for earthquake performance. For applying earthquake loads, Equivalent Static Force Method is used according to BNBC 1993. Reinforcement details of the considered building were not available. For the purpose of study, in the first step an analysis is done applying only Dead and Live Loads according to BNBC 1993. The building is then designed for Dead Load and Live Load only without the consideration of seismic load. In the second step, the building is analyzed for seismic loading in addition to Dead Load and Live Load with proper load factor. Three dimensional analyses is done using design software STAAD-Pro. The Demand Capacity Ratio (DCR) is carried out for beams and columns in order to evaluate the member for seismic loads. Then retrofitting is carried out for the failed beams and columns. Steel Plating Retrofitting Method is applied for the beams and Concrete Jacketing Retrofitting Method is applied for the columns. It is recommended from this study that the buildings which were not built with seismic consideration can be evaluated and retrofitted following the research presented in this study.

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An Application of a Computerized Data Acquisition System in Testing of an Auxiliary Power Unit[ ]


In this study, an application of a computerized data acquisition system in testing of an auxiliary power unit is made. In this regard, required data acquisition software and hardware, personal computer, instrumentation components including sensors, thermocouples and related elements are selected, procured and installed to the test center. The computerized data acquisition system is implemented for the testing of an auxiliary power unit (APU) which is a gas turbine engine. By using a commercial data acquisition software procured in this project, a software application is written to measure, process and display the test data of APU. Voltage readings are made through data acquisition hardware and those are converted to engineering units and corrected to standard day values (pressures, temperatures, velocities, etc.) by software application to calculate APU performance parameters. Compared to manual testing, manual recording and manual calculations in old system, new computerized data acquisition system provided significant reduction in test times (more than 50%) and similar reductions in fuel and labour costs are obtained. Improved test reliability, repeatability and more consistency between engines are also achieved. Engine life, operational safety and analysis capability are enhanced.

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Object-Tracking in Wireless Sensor Networks with A novel Energy Efficient Algorithm[ ]


In this paper we propose and simulate an energy efficient protocol for object-tracking over Wireless Sensor Networks. The proposed algorithm aims to use virtual clustering among the observation region to initiate duty-cycle across the border nodes and the nodes in the inside region. The main idea is to keep the outer nodes active and the interior nodes sleep for energy saving until an object is detected by the outer nodes. Castalia 3.2 wireless sensor network simulator is used to simulate the proposed protocol. Results indicate that an improvement of 42% is achieved in terms of energy consumption. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that S-MAC protocol is a better choice in high load traffic applications in terms of energy consumption.

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A Petri Net Approach Based Elementary Siphons Supervisor for Flexible Manufacturing Systems[ ]


This paper presents an approach to constructing a class of S3PR nets for modeling, simulation and control of processes occurring in the flexible manufacturing system (FMS) used based elementary siphons of a Petri net. Siphons are very important to the analysis and control of deadlocks of FMS that is significant objectives of siphons. Petri net models in the efficiency structure analysis, and utilization of the FMSs when different policy can be implemented lead to the deadlock prevention. We are representing an effective deadlock-free policy of a special class of Petri nets called S3PR. Simulation of Petri net structural analysis and reachability graph analysis is used for analysis and control of Petri nets. Petri nets contain been successfully as one of the most powerful tools for modelling of FMS, where Using structural analysis, we show that liveness of such systems can be attributed to the absence of under marked siphons.

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A Study on Various Defense Mechanisms Against DDoS Attacks[ ]


Distributed Denial of service (DDOS) attack is one of the biggest security threat to the Internet. This research paper attempts to study the DDOS attacks and its main types. The study will provide good knowledge to try for the defense measures for these attacks. The network is always vulnerable to this type of attack even after providing the security measures. This study will also focus on the ways to detect a DDOS attack and thus, start the processes to defense these attacks. The main objective is to understand the DDOS attacks and to find the security measures.

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Effect of pyridine and pyridine with substituent on the optoelectronic spectrum of nanoparticles CdS prepared by liquid-liquid interface reaction [ ]


CdS nanoparticles are prepared by using liquid – liquid interface reaction. from the XRD and TEM analysis we estimated that the size of particles is about 5 nm , which is very comparable with Bohr radius of the CdS ( aB 3 nm ) . The surface are treated through Immersion the powder of nanoparticles on the solution with mix ratio from pyridine and methanol (1:9) for one hour, then the study the UV-Visible spectrum of the solution. The results indicate a blue shift according to the decrease in the size.

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Intelligent process optimization into Holonic Manufacturing Systems using TAGUCHI approach and UML Modeling Language[ ]


In this paper we are interested to the quality control, as one of the operational parties in the global quality management, and to its relation with the process parameters optimization.The feature here is the integration of dynamism and autonomy, given by the holonic approach especially in HMS (Holonic manufacturing Systems), into the step of process parameters optimization, by exploiting the data coming from the quality control steps. An integrated model, described by UML diagrams, is presented, grouping the operational side of the quality control, the ‘dynamical’ design of experiments (using TAGUCHI approach) and the statistical analysis (ANOVA) which is necessary for a good decision making into industrial entities.

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STUDY OF ROAD TRAFFIC NOISE POLLUTION AND IMPACTS ON RESIDENTS OF IKEJA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA[ ]


This investigation is on road traffic noise levels/pollution and impacts on the community residents of Ikeja Local Government area of Lagos State in the Federal Republic of Nigeria. The research work was carried out in two different stages. Stage one was physical measurements while stage two was the social surveys that involved the distribution of questionnaires and oral interviews of selected residents of Ikeja metropolis. A total of 520 questionnaires were distributed while 416 of the residents responded giving a response rate of 80%. Outdoor sound level measurements and social surveys were carried out at 32 different locations comprising nine (9) road network, 12 junction/round-about and 11 loading parks (garages) in Ikeja metropolis, the capital city of Lagos State. Noise levels such as those exceeded or equaled for 10%, 50% and 90% of the measurement time were respectively measured at the various points. Corresponding values of maximum A-weighted noise levels, LAmax .Traffic noise index, TNI, Noise pollution level, LNP, and Day-Night levels, LDN as well as minimum and maximum noise levels (LAmin. and LAmax.) were also obtained. Average maximum values of these noise levels, indices and descriptors at the road junction/round about, busy roads, parks/garages in dB(A) are as follows: L10(93, 84, 86.2), L50(89, 79.3, 82.8), L90(85, 74.5, 79.7), LAeq(90.5, 88.1, 88.8), TNI(90, 89.4, 76.6), LDN(103, 99.8, 103), LAmin.(76.5, 76.5, 82.1), LAmax.(82.5, 83.1, 85.6). Results further showed that 93.8% were bothered/disturbed by motorcycle noise, 97% were bothered/disturbed by car noise while noise of lorries/heavies and buses bothered/disturbed 75% of the residents. These and other results obtained in this investigation will be very useful to Lagos State and Ikeja Local Government Area in planning a noise-free environment.

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Physical Cartographies—the harbinger of Mental Cartographies in Kamila Shamsie’s Burnt Shadows[ ]


This research paper explores the elements of territorialization which are defining the mental cartography of man along with his physical cartography in Kamila Shamsie’s novel, Burnt Shadows. The research is analyzing the particular ‘fixtures’ which have created vague and ambivalent territories across a common man whether he is an (ex)colonizer or (ex)colonized. These fixtures are compelling him to act according to the already defined territories. The research focuses the factors which are contributing to create the hegemonic, static cartography in the novel. The purpose of this research is to highlight the elements of physical and mental territorialization of man. It will enable him to give a return gaze, to revamp the hegemonic cartographic discourse.

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An efficient method of segmentation for handwritten devnagari word recognition[ ]


Devnagari is the most popular and widely used script in India. It is used for writing Hindi, Marathi, Sanskrit and Nepali languages. Moreover, Devnagari script consists of vowels, consonants and various modifiers. Detection and extraction of text in images have been used in many applications. Document segmentation is one of the difficult and important phases in machine recognition of any language. The accuracy of character recognition engine depends on the correct segmentation of individual symbols. It is used to segment lines and words into sequence of characters into sub images of individual symbols. Hence proper segmentation of Devnagari word is challenging task. Especially the modifiers (both vowels and consonants) most of the time coincide with the modifying characters. These kinds of non-trivial combinations of characters make the whole process of character segmentation extremely challenging. Besides, some symbols, like Chandra- Bindu, often come between two consecutive characters in a word; then isolating those becomes a tough job.

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An application of Stochastic models - Loss of industrial accidents in Organisation[ ]


In this paper the expected time to reach the uneconomic status of an organization is obtained by assuming that the threshold variable is a random variable with special case of Exponentiated Exponential distribution .

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Visual Management and Technical Furniture for the development of garments manufacturing process focusing cutting section[ ]


Traditional Cutting section activities in maximum garments industries are facing different problem like low productivity, longer production lead time, high rework and rejection and high non value added work etc. Most of the researchers are trying to develop a new layout for improving the efficiency of cutting section. in this study the author tries to develop the new theme that not only the layout can improve the efficiency of cutting section but also visual Management and technical furniture can play a vital role for improving the efficiency of cutting section. So, the author recommends some visual management system such as Cutting Manual, Super visor rating, SQDC Board Defect library etc. This research paper also propose some recommendation such as Expandable Cutting table, Fabric relaxation Rack, Input rack, Box for cutting machine, stand for marker paper, SMV data bank etc to improve the performance of cutting department. This all recommendation is already applied in Babylon Garments Industries of Bangladesh. The results are satisfactory then before.

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Evaluation and Generation of Meta Modeling tools for Domain Specific Modeling Language[ ]


Domain-Specific Modeling (DSM) is a latest approach to software development industry, capable to greatly rise the speed and easily to use of software arrangement, it produces various facts of a new Domain system. DSM care advanced level of metaCASE domain implementation concepts that make general-purpose metaCASE model language. So the DSL takes very small amount of work effort, strength of character and low-level specifics to order a given Domain based system. Domain-specific languages (DSLs) are languages practice made to a specific application domain, throughout the previous circumstances of the software improvement, developers have continuously essential to improve productivity by improving idea, concepts. The new level of concept has then been automatically transformed to the earlier works to new derived metaCASE model idea.

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An investigation of current information and communications technology in terms of our health, education and relationships[ ]


In recent years, communication technology has become an important tool which has been a great aspect in people's daily life. Nowadays, new models of communications technologies are available everywhere, for instance, companies, education schools and health centres. Numerous of people use communication technology to contact, share and exchange information such as text, voice and video. This research describes the benefits and drawbacks of current communications technology in terms of our health, education and relationships. In the light of the researcher analysis, to what extent should we be concerned about our grandchildren's world, this gives that these technologies will continue to develop?

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Control Strategy for Total Harmonic Distortion Reduction in Generated Voltage for Grid Connected DFIG under Symmetrical & Unsymmetrical Fault Conditions[ ]


Variable-speed DFIG wind energy system is one of the main WECS configurations in today’s wind power industry. The variable-speed operation is possible due to the power electronic converters interface allowing a full (or partial) decoupling from the grid. For a DFIG based wind energy system, the rotor-side converter (RSC) controls the torque and active/ reactive power of the generator while the grid-side converter (GSC) controls the DC-link voltage and its AC-side reactive power. The stability of DC link capacitor voltage is very important in ensuring that a nearly sinusoidal voltage is delivered by the grid side converter which is used as inverter. The fluctuations in the dc-link voltage cut down the lifetime and reliability of capacitors in voltage source converters. The present paper explores one of the extremely important issues regarding the WECS i.e. wind energy conversion system and its reactive power management under certain common types of faults which are both symmetrical and unsymmetrical. With continuously increasing penetration of the wind energy in the overall energy market, this issue is gaining significant prominence. The paper compares the capability of the DFIG based wind energy conversion system to maintain the value of its DC-link capacitor constant. The analysis was performed for normal, symmetrical fault and unsymmetrical fault conditions on DFIG integrated with grid using MATLAB/ SIMULINK.

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The Effect of Pressure on Thermal Insulation Properties of EIC Cellulose-Polyurethane Composites[ ]


Polyurethane and cellulose are the most frequent of material type used for insulating. The thermal properties of each materials have some disadvantages as well as the advantages. One of the methods of enhancing the thermal properties is by making a composite. A composite is produced from EIC-cellulose and polyurethane. Polyurethane with EIC-cellulose composites is pressed to produce low thermal conductivity means that it has a high insulating properties for reducing heat losses. This study is presented an insulation material of cellulose made from reeds imperata cylindrica type with the extraction process. Extraction of cellulose fibers to form a sheet by adding 3.5% Na-CMC (Sodium Cellulose Carboxsil Metyl). The production of the composite was made by pouring some polyurethane to a cellulose sheet and then put it into a cold-press and pressured for 90 minutes by varied pressures of 40517 N/m2 and 54022 N/m2. The isolation criterion is the value of thermal conductivity and density as low as possible but the value of the heat capacity as high as possible. The results: the lowest and the highest of thermal conductivities were 0.0735 W/m K and 0.1762 W/m K, respectively; the lowest and the highest of densities were 109 kg/m3 and 496.5 kg/m3, respectively; the lowest and the highest of heat capacity were 0.5217 kJ/kg K and 0.9448 kJ/kg K.

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Methodes d’evaluation environnementale au niveau de l’Office Cherifien des Phosphates (Maroc)[ ]


La gestion environnementale demande à être complétée par un outil de pilotage et de gestion au quotidien organisant le prélèvement, l’exploitation et le suivi de l’information sur le terrain. La mise en place de cet outil complémentaire est indispensable dans les organismes tels que l’OCP où le degré de formalisation de l’information est nécessaire.

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An Efficient Microprocessor Based Firing Scheme for Three-Phase Converter[ ]


Inter-grid flow of power through D.C. link is being employed in large power systems for improving the stability. The direction of power flow being controlled by the voltage difference between the two ends of the D.C. link makes the control scheme simple. A laboratory scheme of the firing circuit of the converter used in the D.C. link is designed and built. The entire scheme consists of a ZCD (Zero crossing detector) to identify the positive going zero of the A.C. input which is then fed to 8085 microprocessor for generating the required pulses in order to fire the three phase fully controlled full wave converter. The scheme requires minimum number of electronic components since it utilizes the same circuit for rectification and inversion mode of operation.

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Dynamic Log Session Identification Using A Novel Incremental Learning Approach For Database Trace Logs[ ]


Identification of session is very significant task in database for determining helpful patterns from database trace logs files. In recent years, several number of work have been done to dynamic log session identification among them n-gram models is recently proposed, which produces higher log session identification results. But the major issue of the n-gram model is that it assumes the entire database query to be static, so dynamic query type is not applicable. In this paper, a novel online incremental learning for dynamic log data trace session identification schema based on the adaptation method to database trace logs is proposed. It is applied for dynamic log session identification with automatic selection of threshold based on the standard deviation schema, so it is named as DS-OILSD. The proposed novel DS-OILSD schema is varied from normal n-gram model since the proposed work consists of two major modifications. The first one is to solve the parameters adjustment problem of the IL in online and offline manner incrementally. The second one is used to dynamic management of query types and allocating initial probabilities to the n-grams models. The proposed DS-OILSD leaning method is based on modified MAP estimation schema for dynamic changing adaptation of the query types and is instinctively reasonable. It directly solves the problem of dynamic log session identification, in which three types of learning are performed such as labeled data, semi-labeled, unlabeled data for various categories of training data. Finally experimental work is conducted to proposed and existing state of art schema for dynamic log session identification and experimentation results are evaluated based on the parameters like, F-measure, and precision for clinic database log files.

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Comparative Assessment of Nicotine Content in some Cigaratte (Tobacco) in Benin City, Nigeria[ ]


The objective of this study is to provide information on the level of nicotine content of various brands of cigarettes sold in Ni-geria using Benin city cigarette market as a case study. Twelve brands of cigarettes were purchased from the open market in Benin City, Edo State Nigeria for their Nicotine content. Nicotine was extracted with organic solvent from the respective brands and percentage nicotine content determined by titration with 0.1M H2SO4. Mean values of 1.27 – 3.62% were observed in the products. The mean comparison reveals statistical significance (P<0.05) difference in the level in the brands values observed compared with those reported with HPLC/mass spectrometry or spectrophotometric methods determined. The study suggests that the procedure can be reliably used in quality control.

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Monitoring of Aedes albopictus (Diptera, Cilicidae) in Calabria, Southern Italy[ ]


A control program currently active in Calabria (southern Italy) was carried out to population density estimation of Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse, 1894) (Diptera, Culicidae). For the first time we report on the spatial and temporal (seasonal) distribution of the mosquito in the urban area of Cosenza and Rende by ovitrap, from May, 2013 through the mid October, 2013. In spring and summer season 2013, ovitraps were activated according to standard and guidelines and were checked on average weekly. The peak of adult abundance occurs from July to first part of October. The aim was assess the mosquito population’s aggregation degree, through the application of the Taylor’s power law and to study the distribution and phenology of this mosquito.

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DETERMINATION OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF LATERITIC SANDCRETE CUBES[ ]


This paper presents the determination of compressive strength of lateritic sandcrete cubes. In the course of the study we investigated the suitability of laterite as a partial replacement of sand, and specifically sought to determine whether lateritic sandcrete cubes would satisfy the minimum compressive strength requirement of Nigeria Industrial Standard for load bearing blocks for use in sandcrete blocks. This strength is 3.45N/mm². Potable water was used for this work and Dangote brand of Ordinary Portland Cement was used as binder. Various combinations of Laterite and sand were used. The least cement content of all the mixes is 10% of dry mass. Compressive cube strength and saturated surface dry (SSD) bulk density tests were conducted. Batching was by weight. Twenty-five mix ratios comprising of cement: laterite: sand were used. A total of 100 standard 150 mm x 150mm x 150mm lateritic sandcrete cubes were cast, cured for 28 days, weighed and crushed. The method of casting was the same as the method of casting traditional sandcrete blocks. The results show that the average SSD density of the lateritic sandcrete cubes are approximately 2334.97 Kg/m³, a value higher than the average value of 1983Kg/m³ conventional sandcrete blocks. Also, all mix ratios had compressive cube strengths higher than 3.45N/mm². Therefore, laterite could be used as part of fine aggregate for making sandcrete blocks. More so, since lateritic sandcrete cubes has a higher compressive strength than the minimum standard, it could be used as load bearing blocks in building construction. However, the cement content should not be less than 10% of dry mass.

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Synthesis and Application of Amino-Modified Silicone Oil on Cotton Fabric[ ]


The synthesis of amino-modified silicone oil carried out with dimethyl cyclosiloxane (DMC) and N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl methyldimethoxysilane (KH-602) as raw materials and potassium hydroxide (KOH) as a catalyst and 1,3-Diethenyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyl disiloxane as a cured agent. The amino-modified silicone oil has been synthesized by bulk polymerization. The chemical structure has been characterized by IR spectra. The amino value measured by chemical titration and the value was 0.71mmol/g. The viscosity measured by NDJ-8S viscosity meter and the viscosity was 445 mpa.s. Factor impacting on technical indicators during preparation which were polymerization temperature, polymerization time, the amount of N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl methyldimethoxy silane, the amount of catalyst and the cured agent investigated then came to a full process recipe. The amino-modified silicone oil emulsified and the tested results has been studied. The results showed that the ionic surfactant of amino-modified silicone emulsion was nonionic, the thermal stability was good at 90°C, the dielectric stability was good at 90°C, the alkali stability was good at 80°C, the solid content was 25%, the viscosity was 60 mpa.s, and the pH was 6-7. Then the amino-modifies silicone oil emulsion applied on the cotton fabrics and the performance studied accordingly. The results showed that the rate of hand feel properties (softness & smoothness) of the finished cotton knit fabric was 5 and cotton woven was 4.5 on the scale of 1-8, the hydrophilic property of finished cotton fabric was good, on the whiteness property of finished cotton fabrics had little effect but had no effect on the shade of dyed finished fabric, had little effect on the strength of finished fabric, and the feel retention rate was 60% after several times wash, which indicated that the amino-modified silicone oil had good wash fastness property.

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Programming Models for Wireless Sensor Networks: Status, Taxonomy, Challenges, and Future Directions[ ]


Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) play an important role in different application areas and have been successfully deployed in different computing environments. However, programming sensor network applications is extremely challenging as the applications becoming more complex. Some of these challenges are due to the sensors’ characteristics and others are due to the operating conditions of these sensors. Recently, researchers have proposed diverse programming approaches to mitigate these challenges and make WSN programming more flexible and much easier. This paper provides an extensive survey of the state-of-art in wireless sensor network programming models, focuses on a classification of programming levels in wireless sensor networks and capturing some likely programming challenges and research future directions.

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Identification Of Threats To Communication Security, Effects On Victims And Ways Of Mitigating The Threats[ ]


Routine acquisition and aggregation of network data offer an opportunity to understand some of the forces that drive the internet. It also offers opportunity to detect and understand a variety of phenomena that are related to overtly questionable or malicious activities on the part of the user’s and abusers.

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Health and Internet[ ]


The society has greatly evolved and human life has experienced a huge transition from the past. People who have lived a major part of their life in the 20th century are testimony to the fact that not only has things become easier, but also that the human kind is at the colossus of technology. About technology and its impact it can easily be said that the horizons have greatly broadened now, what was considered impossible in the past has now been achieved. The industry, which has benefited the most from this inspiring increase in inventions, is the Health care industry.

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