Volume 6, Issue 1, January 2015 Edition
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Biological warfare and Bioterrorism[ ]


Biological warfare (BWs) is the deliberately use of toxins and microbes, generally of microbial, plant or animal origin to produce disease and death in humans, livestock and agriculture. The fact behind the use of bioweapons in war, and for use in terroristic attacks is attributed to easy access to a wide range of disease-producing biological agents, cost effectiveness, difficultly in sensing by routine security systems, and also to their transportation from one place to another. Furthermore, novel and accessible technologies give rise to proliferation of such weapons that have significances for regional and global security. In order to eliminate such threats, and in securing the culture and defense of peace, the need for leadership and in devising preventive and protective strategies has been emphasized through international consultation and cooperation. Current concerns regarding the use of BWs result from the increasing number of countries that are engaged in the proliferation of such weapons and their acquisition by terrorist organizations. Faithfully following to the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention reinforced by confidence building measures sustained by use of monitoring and verification protocols, is indeed, an important and necessary step in abbreviating and devastating the threats of biological warfare and bioterrorism.

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Wireless Sensor Tree Network monitoring system through Web Server[ ]


Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has touched our daily life and is getting developed day by day. Recently new WSN are designed to monitor environment or bio-organic purposes. Application of WSN technology cannot be limited within home appliances; it can also be used in Industrial application. Now a day’s Industries use expensive wired LAN network in order to monitor. In this paper a cost effective wireless Industrial appliances monitoring system has been designed and implemented. The implemented system can be used to collection data or monitor industrial machineries and equipment through web server and take necessary actions based on the received data of temperature or humidity. The implemented system is cost effective and simpler than existing systems and utilizes Tree networking approach and uses NRF protocol in combination of router to upload data to the web server.

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Magnetorheological Landing Gear for UAVs – A conceptual design[ ]


Thedevelopment of Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs) for both military and civilian applicationslead the opportunites for the development of advanced technologies to improve their operational performance. Due to various mission requirements UAVs will carry different types of payloads which change the total all-up weight. The landing gears of the UAVs should be optimized to the changing weights and various sink speeds. Conventional landing gears are optimized for particular set of parameters and not efficient in all conditions. A novel solution to this problem is to implement a smart damping using magnetorheological (MR) fluids. This paper presents a design mtheodology that enable MR landing gear to be optimized, both interms of its damping and magnetic circuit performance using Magnetorheological Grease(MRG). The design approach focuses on the impact of landing phase of an UAV where large variations in the UAV mass, landing speed, sink speed makes MR shock absorber a potential solution. The usage of MRG in the present design overcomes the problem of sedimentation that exists in regular MR fluidswith long term usage.

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Traffic Grooming and Blocking Optimization in all-optical Networks[ ]


The paper proposed an efficient traffic grooming model for all optical networks. The model has low complexity and it can be easily implemented for traffic grooming problems. It is used to calculate the blocking probability of computer networks and then grooming problems are addressed based on the calculated blocking probability. Blocking probability is considered to be a major parameter during the analysis of network performance in optical network. It can be used to calculate some other network parameters such as busy traffic hour based on a fixed value of blocking probability. The results have shown that the proposed model can be implemented irrespective of the size of the network with equal efficiency.

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Experimental Analysis on Improving Concrete Quality by Using – SF Micro Silica[ ]


Concrete is the most important Engineering material in construction industry because of its inherent strength properties. However the addition of some other materials may change the properties of concrete. Mineral addition which are also used as mineral admixtures have been used with cement for many years. Micro silica, is a non crystalline material also called as Silica Fumes (SF) is produced in electric arc furnace as a by production of elemental silicon or alloy containing silicon. Micro silica was initially viewed as cement replacement material and in some area it is generally used as replacement material as silica fume in pozzolanic admixtures. The silica gives protection against embedded steel in porous water. It increases the compressive strength of concrete up to 20000 psi (140 Mpa). The compressive strength of concrete cubes of grade M40, M50 grades are increased by 10% to 30% in replacement of micro silica. The Ceraplast is a strength improving admixture used for ultimate strength, workability and admixtures are used with concrete to find the compressive strength and split tensile strength for M40, M50 grade cylindrical cubes. The study of silica gives the advantages such as its increase in durability, reduces concrete permeability, and improves resistance to corrosion.

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Modeling and Simulation concept for evaluating the Performance of Computers in a Network under Cyber Attack[ ]


This paper gives an current survey on application of modeling and simulation .We have focused on what we observed as some of the the major mathematical challenges in Cybersecurity.This review paper presents mathematical or statistical modeling for cybersecurity. Different types of modeling concepts are discussed.When systems connected through the internet are attacked how the system survives what is the rate of survival will be calculated.Cyber security models and possible elements of the models are also discussed.We have organized our ideas into modeling large scale networks, performance evaluation and reliability study.

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Dynamic Power Generation and Control from Hybrid Wind-Solar and Foot Step Stand Alone System.[ ]


The renewable energy source such as wind is available in remote areas. However, power from the wind is fluctuating and weather dependent. Therefore, they can be used as a standalone power supply source for an isolated community. This paper aims to implement hybrid power generation in which each power generating system will be standalone. In this paper, a complete analytical methodology has been presented for three power source. Technical optimization is enhanced by adding the Battery back up for the storage of photovoltaic power where the electrical energy gained is stored in the battery and when the light intensity is low, energy is consumed from the battery. Next Pitch angle is added to provide 360 degree movement for the PV system. So the PV system can sense the light intensity using LDR (Light Depending Resistor) sensor and based on the intensity level the stepper motor moves the system to the direction. For Economic optimality voltage monitoring circuit is used to monitor the voltage gained by the PV system in each direction. Next the Foot step is designed mechanically i.e., suspension system will be placed in each steps or plain surface and when the footwear is pressed the system will move ups and down to create the mechanical energy. Chain track will be connected between the gearing system and DC motor. When it is pressed the DC motor will start rotating and produce the electric power which is stored in the battery for particular load to be operated. The Voltage monitoring circuit is placed to monitor the voltage level of the battery and transmit the signal to the controller part that would indicate the level of battery. The last phase will wind power Generation generated by wind alternator. Power generated by each source is stored in the battery and power is analyzed. When the voltage generated by any of the source is not up to the set point other source energy must be compensated.

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Modeling and Designing Integrated Framework for Data Management of Transactional Applications in Cloud[ ]


Cloud Computing has been in use for the last few years due to advantages like scalability, high availability and pay-per usage characteristics of Cloud. Though it is still in its infancy, companies are using it for managing and improving tasks like business processes, customer relations etc. Cloud is considered as constructive technology for read-intensive analytical applications than write-intensive transactional applications. Currently traditional licensed applications are used for managing transactional applications. Deploying transactional applications in the Cloud is not considered safe due to stringent consistency requirements of data in the Cloud. Consistency can be provided in Cloud by using middleware between application software and database. It becomes a major challenge to integrate these middleware tools for a transactional application developer. A need was felt to model and design an integrated framework for data management of transactional applications in Cloud to facilitate the development of transactional applications for educational institutes. This paper focuses on the need of such framework comprising Configuration Management and Data Access Management components. It further presents the model and design of Integrated Framework for Data Management of Transactional Applications in Cloud. It also discusses the implementation tools and design verification methodology used in the framework. After its implementation, it will become easier for Cloud developers to use this framework for developing transactional applications.

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Car Tyre Replacement Robot Using Artificial Intelligence[ ]


The aim of this paper work is to replace defected tyres in cars using robot. This robot is a package of removal and replacement process involved in tyres. This robot is implemented by artificial intelligence and image processing techniques totally powered by batteries which is rechargeable. The whole kit is controlled and works under a micro-processor which is the brain of this device which reduce stress of the car drivers or owners in case of any problem faced by them due to tyres. Artificial intelligence placing land marks in various fields this robot will place a mark in automobile service sectors.

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In Built Stress Analysis in Mobile Operating Systems[ ]


In this paper we are providing an idea of implementing stress analysis algorithms in the basic user interface of the operating system. There are four methods provided from which the user can be analyzed for stress levels by using general usage of his/her cell phone. The mobile device not just performs the task of stress analysis but it also notifies the user if the stress levels go above a critical limit and also notifies the related doctor if the patient ignores the constant notification by the cell phone.

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Use of Waste by-products In Concrete with Bacteria[ ]


The major problem the construction industry concurs with is the high maintenance cost of the concrete. Various natural processes such as weathering, faults, land subsidence, earthquake, changes in moisture and temperature, have the tendency to create cracks in concrete. Therefore, to counter these effects, it has become necessary to come up with ways which will not only help in counteracting but also in improving the quality of concrete. In the present experiment, cement was partially replaced with Fly Ash and GGBS and Bacillus Pasteurii was used as an admixture. GGBS and Fly Ash, when used with this bacterium resulted in the increase of the strength characteristics of cement.

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CaO/Bitumen Nanocomposite: Synthesis and Enhancement of Stiffness Properties for Asphalt Concrete Mixtures[ ]


The road-building is complex processes where it enters a lot of factors. Traffic load and climate change are strongly affect road performance. Many researchers are trying to overcome the road distress using the new materials to improve the properties of asphalt. Polymer or crumb rubber was added to the bitumen for a high-quality roads and longer life. This research is concerned with the addition of nano scale materials into bitumen and to study its impact on stiffness properties of bitumen and asphalt concrete mixtures. The bitumen was mixed with CaO nanoparticles at five different modification levels namely 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% by weight of bitumen. No more 5% CaO nanoparticles was added to the bitumen because no more improvement happens. The result shows a decrease in penetration as well as higher softening point that can lead to improvement in the asphalt binder stiffness. Resilient modulus (Mr) is 1.7 times higher than resilient modulus for unmodified asphalt concrete mixtures. From the limited testing which has been done CaO nanoparticles can be assumed to be used as asphalt additives for hot climate area.

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Frog Gonad as bio-indicator of Sarno River Health[ ]


The Sarno River is affected by an extreme environmental degradation as a result of uncontrolled agricultural activities and the outflow of industrial waste. Changes in the abundance indexes and biodiversity of frogs can be used as a measuring tool to determine water quality of the Sarno River. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the potential in using frog tissue as environmental indicators and to monitor changes in water quality of local streams in the development area of Sarno River. Thus, many samples are collected from sediment, water and frogs for metals analysis. To identify any differentiations of bioaccumulation of metals we have been analyzed skin and gonad of the more representative frog specie along the Sarno river, the barcoded Pelophylax bergeri. Results show that the degree of pollution in the Sarno river varies by zone, as well as by metal to metal, with contents that often are very elevated in frogs and higher in water than sediment. The concentrations of heavy metals, especially Arsenic (As) Chromium (Cr) and Zinc (Zn) were found higher in testis than skin of the collected frogs. Therefore, our results sustain the important role of frog gonads as a good bio-indicator of pollution. Frogs, Pelophylax bergeri, and water of Sarno River are very contaminated by arsenic and need to be urgently remediated.

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Analysis of Data Leakage Prevention on cloud computing[ ]


Cloud describes the use of a collection of services, applications, information, and infrastructure. It is like a pool of resources and services available in a pay as- you-go manner. Services like computation, network, and information storage. This paper mainly focus on the major security concerns about cloud computing. The major areas of focus are: - Information Protection, Virtual Desktop Security, Network Security, and Virtual Security. In today’s business world, many organizations use Information Systems to manage their sensitive and business critical information. The need to protect such a key component of the organization cannot be over emphasized. Data Loss/Leakage Prevention has been found to be one of the effective ways of preventing Data Loss. DLP solutions detect and prevent unauthorized attempts to copy or send sensitive data, both intentionally or/and unintentionally, without authorization, by people who are authorized to access the sensitive information. DLP is designed to detect potential data breach incidents in timely manner and this happens by monitoring data.

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Examining Attitudes and Beliefs towards Online Advertising in Pakistan[ ]


The purpose of the research is to analyze the mind-set and perception of Pakistani customers towards the internet ads and also finding their purchase routines through on the internet ads. The estimated online audiences have reached 25 million in the country through internet and cell phone net providers. The literature suggests a positive ATOA further has a positive influence on consumer responses. To test the speculation and to find the mind-set of the customers towards the internet promotion, a self-administrated set of questions was produced with five likert range which range from highly don't accept to highly believe the fact. The information is gathered from the 4 big places of Pakistan e.g. Multan, Lahore, Islamabad and Karachi. These aspects are enjoyment, information seeking, reliability, economic system, lifestyle, value crime, ad mess and objective obstacle. Results expose that there is an important regards between the ATOA and the actions Results also recommend that ATOA positively and considerably predicted internet ad clicking and exposed online buying frequency. The results conclude that, Karachi being the metropolitan city of Pakistan shows most significant results where the consumers tend to have online advertisements more. One other major city of Pakistan, Islamabad shoes that the value crime is more in Islamabad as compared to other cities of Pakistan. The students have more beneficial mind-set towards the internet advertisings. The above conversation also indicates that responses towards social networking advertising impact consumers’ ad clicking actions that in turn impacts their online purchasing actions.

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How relationship building efforts works in the presence of mediator[ ]


Relationship marketing and customer relationship management have taken a central position in marketing strategy in the past two decades. Most theories of relationship marketing emphasize the role of trust and commitment on customer purchase intention however a recent meta-analysis indicates that other mediating mechanisms are at work. This research is in addition to trust & commitment, which other mediators generate positive word of mouth & results in increased customer purchase intention. In research self-administered 250 questionnaires with seven points likert scale was developed & distributed among five big cities of Pakistan e.g. Multan, Lahore, Islamabad, Faisalabad & Karachi. Data was collected from consumers of five telecom operators e.g. Telenor, Mobilink, Warid, Ufone & Zong. For analysis of ten hypothesesof this paper Regression analysis and ANOVA technique are used. As probability systematic sampling technique is used for data collection there is no risk associated with sampling & data collection. As a result we propose that gratitude is an important missing mediator in the extant of RM model. We proposes to develop & validate a theoretical framework that integrates gratitude in RM network parallel to trust & commitment which results in positive word of mouth & increased purchase intention. This study is limited to telecom sector only, it’s a cross sectional study. This research is valid for the culture & economic set up of Pakistan.

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Mechanisms of Nutrient Removal in Moving Bed Biofilm Reactors[ ]


This review paper presents the problems and challenges suffered by the conventional wastewater treatment plants, because the need for clean water is rapidly increasing as the world’s population grows by each year ,in addition to the great change in the required specifications for wastewater treatment , especially when the nutrient are become a major concern in the design and operational of wastewater treatment plants, so many conventional wastewater treatment facilities are needed to being expanded to provide additional capacity with least possible cost. This review paper also intends to provide an overall vision of the Moving Bed Biofilm technology as an alternative and successful method to overcome all those challenges. Fundamental research into Moving Bed Biofilm technology is presented in three sections, The Processes Of Moving Bed Biofilm Reactors , Factors Affecting Performance Of Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor, and The Mechanisms Of Nutrient Removal in Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor . The review also includes many relevant researches carried out at the laboratory, and pilot scales plants.

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Role of Debt Crises on the Economy of Developing Countries[ ]


This study researched on the causes, current effects and potential implication of the debt crisis of developing countries. Two developing countries, Pakistan and Bangladesh selected from Asia which are tested in terms of sustainability of their debts. The debt crisis found as a result of factors including inflation, investment and exports. Most of the economies of underdeveloped countries have fallen into double dip recession. Developing Economies with sever debt distress have moved deeper in inflation and are caught into downward twisting dynamics from high external debt and internal debts. Economic growth of most of under developing countries has decelerated internal confronts and external defenselessness. Economies of under developed countries are going through another round of rough territories. Right after an economic havoc that originated in the Asia, the Developing economy is experiencing debt crisis.

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The Investigation of the Dominant Effect of Each Element of Multiple Intelligence on EFL Learners' Four Main Language Skills[ ]


This study supports the Gardner's inspiration (1999), that some intelligences have supremacy and power over others in conducting the specific activity. This matter supports the fact that each activity demands specific intelligence and integrating the intelligence type with specific activity is a pre-requisite for learning (Gardner, 1987, 1995, 1999). So, this article presents the results of experimental research of MI-based instruction in teaching reading, writing, listening, and speaking which was held in language institution and, it is an attempt to provide EFL learners with appropriate solutions to overcome the problems encountered in developing the skills of foreign language. It is of the most importance that we recognized and nurture all of the varied human intelligences, and all of the combinations of intelligences. We are all so different largely because we all have different combinations of intelligences. If we recognize this, we will have at least a better chance of dealing appropriately with the many problems that we face in the foreign language learning world. Our sample comprised 40 English students aged 17-20during the 2013-2014 (14-weeks). All students took an English proficiency test and filled out a series of questionnairs dealing with their multiple intelligences and learning language 4 skills. The students, who constituted participants of the study, were known an intermediate in both productive and receptive skills after conducting the proficiency test. After administering the multiple intelligence questionnaire, subjects with different intelligences were identified. Regarding the results gained in proficiency and multiple intelligence tests, participants were assigned to 4 homogenous groups, i.e. four reading, writing, listening, and speaking classes with different intelligences, with 10 subjects in each. Because, exploring the relationship between MI and EFL learning skills is the main of this study, so findings show that all elements of MI affect subjects English performance. It's suggested that English teachers consider the broad understanding of individual differences, the role of MI in classes, provide more effective activities to help students 4 main language skills ability, and students be encouraged to take control of their learning in language skills (reading, writing, listening, speaking) for maximizing their potential for success. Also the results of this paper, offers teachers a way to examine and adopt the best teaching techniques and strategies in light of students individual differences. Teachers will be aware of the fact that every classroom is full of students with different areas of interest, different ways of expressing themselves, different strategies and weakness, and will recognize that an effective teaching and learning is to help students appreciate their strengths, and improve their weakness.

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