Volume 5, Issue 8, August 2014 Edition

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COOKING ENERGY CONSUMPTION PATTERN OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN AIYETORO COMMUNITY.[ ]


The main objective of this study was to understand the cooking energy consumption pattern of rural households in Aiyetoro village of Ilorin East local government area, and also to determine the composition and quality of gaseous emission from the cooking fuels. This will aid in providing information that may lead to improved energy consumption while also trying to minimize the fuel users’ exposure to gaseous product of incomplete combustion.

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Physical Characterisation of Emission from the Combustion of Household Cooking Fuels in Aiyetoro Community[ ]


The main aim of this research work is to determine the composition and quality of gaseous emission from the cooking fuels. This will aid in providing information that may lead to improved energy consumption while also trying to minimize the fuel users’ exposure to gaseous product of incomplete combustion. The data used for the energy consumption study was obtained through a sampling procedure that resulted in a sample size of 76 households used for the study. The emission analysis test was carried out with an emission gas analyser, the quality and composition of emission from fuels such as sheabutter and locust bean fuelwood, sheabutter and locust bean charcoal, kerosene and electricity and it was done under varying conditions as it can be obtained in household cooking conditions. The gaseous emission test reveals hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxygen and nitrogen dioxide as the major products of incomplete combustion. In all this cases, except oxygen, the quantity released is up to 500 times what is available in surrounding atmospheric air. Finally, the study suggests formulation and implementation of policies which will encourage the development of technologies that will improve efficiency in the use of traditional fuels while also reducing drastically the emission from such fuels; as these if achieved will reduce the stress and hazard associated with the use of traditional energy

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Design and Development of FPGA system for RADAR applications[ ]


Digital Filters play a vital role in various types of signal processing applications. It is the key performance of the filters, which made DSP so popular. Such filters have two important roles to play: signal separation and signal restoration. When a signal is buried in the noise, then filter performs signal separation. On the other hand, signal restoration done by the filter when they are distorted. The main objective of this paper is that Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) digital filters implemented and to present an easy device for different applications. Digital filters have superior performance over analog signal processing. There are two types of digital filters: infinite impulse response (IIR) and finite impulse response. (FIR).The main function of FPGA based digital filters is to capture the features in the signal and to eliminate the noise from the signal coming from the space. The accurate value of wind velocity, particle density, velocity measurement etc for meso sphere, stato sphere, and tropo sphere (MST) radar is very important. For Radar (Antennas), the operating frequency is also very important to transmit power into free space. DSP based FPGA system shows superior performance to achieve good operating frequency and to filter the noise effectively for the signal. This is required for radar applications. The high operating frequency (more than MHz) is obtained by FPGA based signal processing rather than by DSP floating or fixed point processors.

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Assessment the Efficiency and Safety of Haemodialysis Machine: Case Study[ ]


Dialysis is a process for removing waste and excess water from the blood, and is used primarily as an artificial replacement for lost kidney function in people with renal failure. It may be used for those with an acute disturbance in kidney function (acute kidney injury, previously acute renal failure), or progressive but chronically worsening kidney function–a state known as chronic kidney disease stage 5 (previously chronic renal failure or end-stage renal disease). According to the absence or specialized authorities that control and regulate operation of haemodialysis may cause many serious problems because there is no clear Standard Operation Procedure and Policies (SOPs) for haemodialysis (HD) machine applied in Sudan. The objective of this work is to assessment the efficiency and safety of two groups: Group one, six centers of haemodialysis in Khartoum state (Used machines). Group two: twenty Fresenius and twenty Gambro donated machines. This work to protect patient from the risk, Improve the quality of haemodialysis and patient outcomes, provide employers with operational information necessary to perform a job properly, to insure quality for dialysis including prevent risk, correct error, detect deviations, and improve efficiency, and reduce costs. The steps of this work are tested the efficiency and safety for HD machines which include: technical specification, operation requirement, electrical safety, decontamination and the environmental procedures. From group one the total numbers of YES was 160 and total numbers of NO was 26. The percentages are 86.02% and 13.98% for YES and NO respectively. The efficiency and safety for group one is 61.29% and 85% for group two. The result shows that from group one 38.71% is the absence of the efficiency and safety so these centers need to apply The SOPs for HD machine. From group two 15% of the HD machines were rejected. This work is a case study for small sample space which contains two event (group one and group 2) to test the efficiency and safety of the HD machines.It is important for safely healthcare and this it is the beginning step to improve the use of the HD machine to give a better work in Sudan.

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Bioluminiscent bacteria as future torch lights-Screening, Characterisation.[ ]


Bioluminescence is a phenomena in an organism which produces luminescence on quorum sensing and this phenomenon has been explored in many fields like invivo diagnostics, marker technology, protein engineering etc. and has immense potential as future torchlight too with the aid of technologies. Present study aims at the screening and identification of bioluminescent bacteria from different marine sources like fish, lobsters and crabs from the eastern coastal region of India. Total of about 10 different species of fish and some lobsters were screened for their symbiotic bioluminescent bacteria out of these 2 species of fish showed predominant presence of bioluminescent bacteria associated with them, they were namely rani fish and sukum puri. 16srRNA studies revealed bacteria to be belonging to pshychrobacter species associated with Rani fish which has been reported for the first time for showing bioluminescence..The strain sequence has been submitted in NCBI with Accession number LK931862 was named psychrobacter sp.RDP1.

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D-Type Optical Fiber & its Applications[ ]


Fiber optic based sensors have a wide range of applications in real-time and fast sensing of optical industry for measurement, hazardous chemical identifications, bio sensors etc..Optical fiber sensors have attracted tremendous research interests in last few decades towards these applications. The D-type optical fiber is an optical fiber, where the cladding is side polished, results in D-shaped. D-shape optical fibers provide several applications including sensing. Dispersion relation of surface plasmon waves has been established between a metal and dielectric system. In this paper present the design of an SPR refractive index sensor, based on a D-type optical fiber. Firstly, a D-type optical fiber designed by symmetrical removing a portion of its cladding from a single mode step-index optical fiber. After symmetrical removing the cladding, effective refractive index changes w.r.t. wavelength. The sensitivity was found between 0.303 x 102 to 0.556 x 102 (nm/RIU).

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Subthreshold SRAM bit cell topologies for ultra low power applications[ ]


Ultra Low Power is one of the major concern in VLSI Industry recent years. One of the technique which used to improve the concept is Sub-threshold Logic Design. A Number of researchers considering this technique for developing ultra low power applications. The proposed paper is using Sub-threshold logic design for memory devices such as SRAM and observed the power consumption, leakage power and delay for different SRAM Bit Cells like 6T,8T,9T and 10T. It's used High Vth NMOS for reducing the power consumption and leakage power[1].

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Medical Image Watermarking System For Integrity Control With Data Repair Capability[ ]


Enforcing protection of medical content becomes a major issue of computer security. Since medical contents are more and more widely distributed, it is necessary to develop security mechanisms to guarantee their confidentiality and integrity. In this context, watermarking and cryptographic hashes has been proposed as a complementary mechanism for medical data protection. The proposed system aims at verifying the integrity of medical images and repairs the data if any tampering occurred in the image. In the proposed method signatures extracted from different pixel blocks of interest are embedded on RONI and are compared with recomputed ones at the verification stage. A set of three signatures are proposed. The first two signatures are based on cryptographic hashes and checksums and are devoted to detection and identification of modification location. The third one is issued from image moment theory that can be used to approximate any local modification by its nearest generalized 2-D Gaussian. For repairing the tampered blocks an authentication method based on the use of (k,n) threshold secret sharing technique is used. An authentication signal is generated for each pixel block, which is transformed into several shares using the (k,n) threshold secret sharing scheme and embedded into the alpha channel plane. The alpha channel plane is then combined with the original image to form a PNG image. In the process of image authentication, an image is marked as tampered if the authentication signal computed from the current block does not match with that extracted from the shares embedded in the alpha channel plane and then data repairing is applied to each tampered block.

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SURE-Based Filter For Flame Detection[ ]


Flame detection is very important in fire alarm systems. To detect the flame or fire correctly its features should be extracted. Feature extraction will be correct only if we remove the noise from the flame image. We propose a SURE- based filter for removing the noise. It is a linear filter that preserves the edges of images and thus keeps the fine details and geometrical structure of the image. After the noise removal the features like optical mass transport and non smooth data of flame are extracted. These features are compared with the initially trained flame features and confirmed whether the input frame contains flame or not. Experimental results shows that noise removal is very effective and the detection of flame is very easy.

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Capacity planning and control: a review[ ]


Capacity planning and control is an issue which every operation is faced with. Furthermore it is an activity which can profoundly affect the efficiency and effectiveness of the operation. Capacity planning and control is the task of setting the effective capacity of the operation so that it can respond to the demands placed upon it.This usually means deciding how the operation should react to fluctuations in demand. In this strudy 58 articles in the field of "capacity planning and control" published during 2000-2014 have been reviewed. It is concluded that many of the articles on the subject of capacity planning and modeling have been investigated in various field though simulation and model analysis, while not focused on the issue of capacity.

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The Relationship between Organisational Culture and Employee Performance: Case of Sri Lanka[ ]


Employees are more than the most important asset, they play pivotal role in current operational performance and future competitive advantage. Employees spend their major part of their life in the organization within which they work. When people join, they bring with them the unique values and behaviors’ that they have been experienced. While every aspect of managing people in organizations is important, when they are all combined, they make up the organizational culture-perhaps the major determinant of effectiveness and performance. An effective organizational culture can be recognized as one factor that always seems to be associated with successful companies. There is a dramatic increase in the business and organizations in Sri Lanka, after the post war period. Organisations should aware about their culture, in order to survive successfully in turbulent business environment. Organisational culture values varied significantly among the firms. The variation in cultural values had a significant effect on employee performance.Therefore the purpose of this study was to investigate relationship between organizational culture and employee performance in apparel sector in Sri Lanka. The independent variable is organizational culture and the dependent variable is employee performance. This study has been completed with an empirical survey which was thoroughly conducted using a self administrated questionnaire and the sample consisted of employees in apparel sector. Questionnaire consisted with three parts and which were sent directly to the target segment. This study was associated with hypothesis testing and it was co relational. Since the current study setting can be referred as a field study where the study has done in non-contrived setting with minimizing interference of the researches.

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Proposed Architecture for Conventional Computer with Co-Quantum Processor[ ]


This paper presents a proposed architecture for constructing a conventional-quantum computing machines from the hardware point of view. The proposed architecture will help in improving the performance of the conventional computer by building a new processor; such processor combines both a classical processor in conjunction with a Co-quantum processor. The proposed architecture classifies the operations of the whole central processing unit into two categories; the first for Co-quantum processor to execute the complicated quantum computations. The second, for the classical processor which plays the role of performing conventional tasks such as network communication process, storing data tasks and the main task of controlling all system operations. Discussion and analysis of the proposed architecture, which is based on quantum parallelism in computations, shows that; the proposed architecture will improves classical computer performance. In addition; the proposed architecture is capable of performing any arbitrary quantum computation as well as conventional computations.

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Mobile Adhoc Network Security Issues and Proposed Solutions[ ]


Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a cluster of communication nodes that can communicate with each other without any requirement of fixed infrastructure or designated routing links. The nodes in MANET can do self-discovery of other nodes to communicate between each other and form a dynamic network. . This flexibility makes them attractive for many applications such as military applications, where the network topology may change rapidly to reflect a force’s operational movements, and disaster recovery operations, where the existing/fixed infrastructure may be nonoperational. The dynamic features of MANET bring this technology with a great opportunity bundled with severe challenges. Although the ongoing trend is to adopt ad hoc networks for commercial uses due to their certain unique properties, the main challenge is the vulnerability to security attacks This paper would describe most significant security issues and its trends, current research pertaining to detection and protection of MANET security vulnerabilities.

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IMPACT OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION USING VIRTUALIZED ORACLE DATABASE ON MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES: A CASE STUDY[ ]


Manufacturing enterprises mostly continuously deal with variability and complexity. In today's increasingly complex supply chains and manufacturing processes, raw materials, production resources and delivery schedules are prone to constant change. In order to get the right products to the right customers at the right time, manufacturing operations should have the greater synchronization and predictability. An abundant amount of information is generated by manufacturers from their data warehouses operations, machinery and quality systems. The manufacturers must ensure that their IT systems are continue to ensure user productivity and are able to scale accordingly to accommodate the future demand and growth of the enterprise. Therefore this paper focuses the impact of Oracle based Information System on ERP Processes of manufacturing company as Oracle is a simple solution that delivers an integrated approach of functionalities in order to translate the business into less risk and lower costs. To get a realistic and holistic view of the MIS, MIS of EPC Limited (Name disguised) was taken as a case study. To get a more detailed understanding of a particular function of the company, we studied the need, uses and benefits of MIS with respect to the Material Department of the company. Various modules of MIS were of prime focus in our study.

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Crystal and molecular structure of 2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-6-phenyl-5-thiocyanatoimidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole[ ]


Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world. Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment, overall survival of patients still remains poor. Hence, there is an urgent need for development of new anticancer agents. Considering promising biological activity of 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives, in the present study, synthesis and cytotoxicity assessment of new derivatives of this ring was done. All synthesized compounds were characterized by NMR, IR and spectroscopic method. Structure was determined by single crystal XRD.

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Behavior and Load Sharing off Piled-Strip System in Sandy Soil[ ]


Probably the most common type of deep foundations is the pile foudnation. Piles are defined as relatively long, slender, column-like members.

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Power Factor Correction in Distribution System Using DSTATCOM with the Help of MATLAB Simulink[ ]


In this paper,an implementation of three phase synchronous reference frame (SRF) theorybased control algorithm for functions of DSTATCOM in power factor correction (PFC) under nonlinear distribution system.A SRF theory based control algorithm is used for extraction of fundamental active and reactive power components of load currents.These components are used for estimation of reference source currents. The DSTATCOM is developed in three phase system and its real time performance is studied using MATLAB Simulink. The performance of DSTATCOM is found satisfactory with proposed control algorithm for nonlinear distribution system.

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Human Activity Recognition using Motion History Algorithm[ ]


In this research, I have worked to recognize various human actions and activities using Motion History Algorithm. Firstly, I studied different techniques already implemented by various researchers in this field like motion image energy etc and finally develop an approach. In this approach, videos are converted into image frames and the images are pre-processed plus background subtraction is computed for these frames. Then, the motion history of images is computed, and features are extracted. After that, Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) of the Region of Interest is computed which is then thresholded for classification. The proposed algorithm is able to distinguish between various human actions sittings, standing, hand waving etc.

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The chemical Fixation of carbon dioxide to propylene carbonate over triazabicyclodecene -functionalized silica nano catalyst[ ]


Silica from Rice husk ash (RHA) was extracted and functionalized with 1, 5, 7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0] dec-5-ene (TBD) guanidine. The functionalized silica-guanidine material was used as a catalyst for the syn-thesis of cyclic carbonates from the reaction of CO2 with different epoxides. The catalyst was prepared, first by the reaction of 3-(chloropropyl)triethoxy silane (CPTES) with silica at room temperature and pressure to form chloro propyl silica material (RHACCl). It was later grafted with TBD guanidine at refluxing temperature of 110 °C to form the solid catalyst (RHAPrTBD). Among the characterizations employed to prove the successful incorporation of the guanidine onto silica, the solid state NMR for 13C showed the presence of all the carbon atoms on the structure. Both XRD and TEM results also proved the amorphous na-ture of the catalyst. Under the optimized reaction con-ditions, the CO2 was reacted with other epoxides to give the corresponding five-membered cyclic car-bonates in good yield. The catalyst was recovered and reused few more times. However, some decrease in the conversion was observed during the recycle process. This might be attributed to loss of the catalyst during the re-cycle process. Based on the result obtained a proposed mechanism was also suggested.

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Diagnosis of Cryptococcus meningitis by conventional methods and Real-time polymerase chain reaction[ ]


Background: Cryptococcal infections of CNS are the most common form of fungal infections, mostly affects the immunodeficient individuals. Rarely, even normal hosts can become so diseased. Infection can also occur in patients on long-term steroid therapy, diabetes, cancer, renal failure, immunosuppressive treatment, and solid organ transplant patients.

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Standardization of extraction process for Rumex vesicarius L.[ ]


The use of bioactive compounds in different commercial sectors needs the most appropriate and standard method to extract the active components from plant material. Thus standardization of the extraction process is an important step for the establishment of a consistent biological activity, a consistent chemical profile or for quality assurance in production and manufacturing of herbal drugs or any herbal formulations. In the present study, hot soxhlet extraction and cold maceration extraction methods using petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol, aqueous as solvents have been developed for extraction of bioactive compounds from Rumex vesicarius L. Among the extraction methods applied, hot soxhlet extraction method was found to be effective in terms of the percentage of yield compared to cold maceration extraction method. And also the percentage of extract varies with the solvent and duration of extraction process. Thus extraction time and the solvent systems were also standardized for Rumex vesicarius L. to extract the compounds.

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Role of Motivation in Academic Procrastination[ ]


Procrastination has been defined as “letting the low-priority tasks get in the way of high-priority ones”. Most people put off working on unpleasant or tedious tasks from time to time. Washing the car, taking out garbage, cleaning windows, or making stressful phone calls are some of the examples. In fact, it is difficult to think of individuals who never procrastinate. In technical terms procrastination is postponing, delaying or putting off a task or a decision. It means to voluntarily delay an intended course of action despite expecting to be worse off for the delay.

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