NCPSE-19:National Conference on Power System Engineering

"NCPSE 2019 Conference Papers "

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Fabrication of P-Channel CMOS Perovskite Nanomaterials of Sr 0.5 Mn 0.5 Doped with PSB for High Efficient Energy Harvesting Photovoltaic Devices [ ]


In this research work a set of different compositional perovskite nanocomposite inorganic hybrid materials of Sr 0.5 Mn 0.5 (p-type) has been synthesized by co precipitation method using CTAB (cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide) as surfactant, PSBs (pyridine Schiff base derivatives) 2-5% doped to the inorganic matrix. both the material was fabricated over titania dried ITO-Glass by RF spluttering and copper is deposited for the top contact and each of ITO-Glass is studied for the PCE parameters using solar simulator in dark and light illumination. Method: Inorganic Sr0.5 Mn0.5 nano compositional hybrid materials were prepared by co precipitation method, purified by washing with ethanol water mixture and the materials p-type and n-type were fabricated using spin coating and top contact is established by copper using RF sputtering. Initially characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), SEM and UV-Visible experiments. Studies related to power conversion efficiency (PCE) was measured with solar simulator to find the Pmax, Pmin, Vmax, I max, Jsc, and FF in dark as well as illuminated light source of frequency from 550 to 610 nm. Findings: Initial spectroscopic studies of CV showed the +ve oxidation potential for the p-type acceptor material and –ve oxidation potential showed for n-type material. UV-Visible studies showed the absorptive maxima for the doped perovskite nanomaterial is around 550-610 nm. FTO/TiO2/ Sr 0.5 Mn 0.5 /PSB is good photovoltaic performance under illumination with standard AM 1.5 sunlight. we obtained short circuit photocurrent densities as Jsc = 26.8 mA/cm2 and open circuit voltage Voc = 0.97 V , fill factor FF = 0.68 and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.60% under solar light intensity flux of 100 mW/cm2. The results of the present work suggest a route to realize a simple, low cost and highly efficient perovskite photovoltaic device. These devices could be realized in miniaturized sensors and electronic components applied in Internet of Things (IoT).

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Space Based Solar Power (SBSP): An Emerging Technology[ ]


This study presents Space Based Solar Power, an emerging technology which is under a heavy research phase. Here geosynchronous satellites are used for collecting sunlight, harnessing it to produce solar power and transmitting the generated power back to Earth using Wireless power transmission (WPT), safely and reliably. The advantage of placing solar cells in space is the 24 hour availability of sunlight. Also the urgency of finding an alternative energy source due to the depleting energy resources on earth calls for Space Based Solar Power. Here we study the concept of Solar Power Satellites (SPS), investigate the feasibility of implementation, the overall architecture & the underlying components. The results highlight the effectiveness of this system as an environment friendly, low-loss and large-scale method of energy transfer.

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Analysis of Integrated DC Micro-grid System Using PI Voltage Control Strategy[ ]


This paper is focusing on integration of solar and wind energy in terms of DC form. AC-DC converter & DC-DC buck converter is used with Proportional Integral (PI) control strategy to control the voltage fluctuation at desired voltage level. Batteries are using as an emergency source of supply to meet the required load demand and home appliances are taken as a DC loads. MATLAB simulation models are used to implement low voltage control strategy & expected results are compared with the simulation results

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Locating minimum loss location for generators and loads in a 30 bus radial distribution system[ ]


This paper presents the 30 bus radial distribution system network. The main aim of this paper is to reduce the overall system losses in MW and MVAR and to improve the voltage profiles. The system uses optimal allocation of the generators as well as the loads in order to provide the efficient system. It uses the analysis of forward and backward sweep for having the load flow analysis and PSO that is Particle Swarm Optimization for selection of the parameters of new generators and new loads that is to be incorporated into the system network.

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Power Distribution Line Fault Determination using DC Injection [ ]


Detecting and identifying faults in distribution lines is very necessary for healthy operation of the power system. In distribution lines different faults occur due to weather conditions, insulator failures and other type of power faults. The present fault identification process is completely manual, time consuming and very tedious.In this project we discuss how the fault is identified and the authorized personnel is intimated about it. When the fault occurs the line in which fault has occurred is identified with the help of auxiliary DC backup. The instrument (i.e fault detection and intimation kit) is present on each spur line, which injects DC (pulsed) power into the line and tries to identify the fault. It uses mobile network to communicate the fault location to the control point.

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Performance analysis of gird connected solar and wind power station for the reliability calculation[ ]


The Utilization of Renewable Energy Sources for energy generation is growing at a high rate nowadays due to increased consumption of fossil fuel resources and serious environmental concerns. In this context wind and solar energies are of the most successfully utilized sources. However, the renewable sources suffer from the drawback of lesser reliability and most of the times they need the appropriate back up. This requires the knowledge of performance factors of the renewable energy source. This paper discusses about the performance analysis of Grid Connected Solar Power Plant (GCSPVP) and Grid Connected Wind Power Plant (GCWPP).One of the reliability indices Expected Energy Not Served (EENS) is calculated for GCSPVP. The performance analysis of both GCSPVP and GCWPP are validated by considering real time power stations

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Cost Benefit Analysis of Hybrid (Wind/Solar) Power Generation System Using HOMER for Devabag, Karwar[ ]


This paper is based on cost analysis of Hybrid System by using HOMER software. The global warming and demand by global agencies to induce the development of Renewable Energy like Solar and Wind energy induced this paper. It presents cost analysis of solar and wind hybrid energy system and optimization result of all the components by HOMER Software which simulates the result and show cost analysis, cash flow, economies of system etc, by taking Load at small village Devabag, at Karwar. Environment friendly hybrid system can yield optimal benefit to localities’ of Devabag Village of Karwar. Effort is made to design hybrid energy system with solar panels, wind turbine, generator, and battery. Here HOMER examines least cost analysis of configuration of hybrid energy.

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Performance Analysis of 33/11kv Substation and its Feeders [ ]


Electrical power system provide a vital service to the society. For healthy operation of electrical power generation, transmission and distribution, it is important that system should be balanced. Load flow is basic requirement to conduct power system analysis of any system. The load flow gives us information about voltages, real and reactive power generated and absorbed and line losses across the entire system. Short Circuit Analysis provides the information required to determine whether the interrupting capacities of the power system components are adequate enough to protect your power system. Also this data is used to evaluate the proper sizing of protective relays and sensing equipment. All the data used for analysis is real time and collected from 33/11kV substation.This paper deals with the simulation of 33/11kV substation. The analysis is done by using advance software Electrical Transient Analyser Program (ETAP) and MI POWER with detailed load flow analysis.Also, carried out the short circuit study of 33/11 kV substation system using ETAP software. From the ETAP and MI POWER generated load flow details and the short circuit details are studied.

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Power Quality Improvement in a MicroGrid Integrated Hybrid Renewable Energy Source[ ]


Nowdays air pollution is the dominant issue in the power generation.Due to the usage of fossil fuels for the generation so renewable energy source(RES) has play important role in clean generation of elelctriciy.The hybrid combination of wind/solar systems has proved to be a reliable source to the utility.For extracting maximum power from RES battery are connected to the system due to storage problem and chemical battery issue the RES is directly connected to the microgrid.Maximum power can be generated using MPPT design for the RES source using P&O method .Due to non-linear load connected to micro grid the hormonics can enter into source side so for that shunt active power filter is used to eliminate hormonics and maintain dc link voltage constant so here RES is integrated with micro grid using shunt active power filter as duilitry fuction.

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Analysis of Power Quality Disturbances in a Multi Utility System [ ]


Electrical power systems are subjected to different types of power quality disturbances. Investigation and monitoring of power quality are necessary to maintain accurate operation of the power system and sensitive equipment. Assessment of power quality requires the identification of any anomalous behavior on a power system, which adversely affects the normal operation of electrical or electronic equipment. A power quality assessment involves gathering data resources, analyzing the data (with reference to power quality standards) then, if problems exist, recommendation of mitigation techniques must be considered. Accordingly field power quality data is collected by power quality recorder and analyzed with reference to power quality standards to identify the power quality issue to suggest the favorable mitigation. In the paper, the factorial data related to power quality from various industries was collected and analyzed for the assessment of power quality issues. Accordingly, the data was collected from various Industries and power quality problems caused by various non linear devices were analyzed and mitigation techniques suggested.

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Study of THD in Distribution Transformer[ ]


Transformers are the interface between the supply and the load. The presence of non-linear loads injects voltage and current harmonics. The harmonics caused by highly non-linear devices degrade the performance of transformers. The harmonic power losses cause additional heating in power system components and increased operational costs. These harmonics can cause excessive loss and abnormal temperature rise in the transformers, thus reducing the performance. The life span of the transformer supplying non-linear loads deteriorates and reduces the lifetime. There is a need to reduce the unwanted effects of harmonic components in non-linear loads. An attempt is made in this paper to study the THD of distribution transformers supplying variety of nonlinear load. The distribution transformers of different ratings have been simulated and the result indicating the THD with change in the reactive power is illustrated. The simulation results also reveals that an increase in the current harmonic distortion increases the transformer losses and has bearing on its life expectancy

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Detection of Proximity to Voltage Collapse Indicator Using Artificial Neural Networks[ ]


Modern power systems are currently operating under heavily loaded conditions due to various economic, environmental, and regulatory changes. Consequently, maintaining voltage stability has become a growing concern for electric power utilities. With the increased loading and exploitation of the power transmission system, the problem of voltage stability and voltage collapse attracts more and more attention. A voltage collapse can take place in systems and subsystems, and can appear quite abruptly. There are different methods used to study the voltage collapse phenomenon, such as the Jacobian method, the voltage instability proximity index (VIPI) and the voltage collapse proximity indicator method. This paper is concerned with the problem of voltage stability, and investigates a proposed voltage collapse proximity indicator applicable to the load points of a power system. Voltage instability is early predicted using artificial neural networks on the basis of a voltage collapse proximity indicator. Different system loading strategies are studied and evaluated. Test results on a sample and large power system demonstrate the merits of the proposed approach. The objective of this paper is to present the application of ANN in estimating the voltage collapse proximity indicator of a power system.

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Diagnosis of Power Transformer by using Artificial Neural Network[ ]


Power transformers are the heart of electric power distribution and transmission systems. They are always under the impact of electrical, mechanical, thermal and environmental stresses. They are one of the most critical and expensive components in power system. Due to the expensiveness of power transformer, the monitoring and maintenance of transformer condition becomes important. There exist various diagnostic methods to monitor transformer health condition. One of the technique called Artificial neural network (ANN) is used to diagnose and detect faults in oil filled power transformers based on Dissolved Gas in oil Analysis (DGA). By utilizing a feed forward ANN maximum accuracy can be achieved with the help of back propagation algorithm.This paper introduces the fault diagnosis system for power transformer using Artificial Neural Network (ANN).

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Power Quality Improvement by Reactive Power Compensation Using PSO[ ]


Electrical power is essential component of our life. We usdo it for operating home appliances, computers, machines in industries , transportition ,etc.Every loadl needs good quality of power for proper operation and better life. This power quality can be improved by compensating the lines and reducing the losses. This is done by placing compensating devices optimally at different load buses. The compensation can be done in two steps, In the first step we select the candidate bus which needs compensatio and in the second step supplying appropriate reactive power.In this paper particle swarm optimization(PSO)method for compensation is implemented. This PSO technique randomly selects the compensating values within the limits for a selected bus.

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Analysis of Steady State Stability of Power System using Artificial Neural Network[ ]


Developed societies of today need an ever-increasing supply of electrical power, and demand has been increasing every year. To satisfy this increasing demand very complex systems are built. Successful operation of such complex system depends largely on the ability of that system to provide reliable and continuous supply to the loads. Ideally all the loads must be fed at constant voltage and frequency at all times. In this scenario, meeting the electric power demand is not the only criteria but also it is the responsibility of the power system engineers to provide a stable and quality power to the consumers. These issues highlight the necessity of analyzing the power system stability. In this paper analysis of steady state stability is carried out by using swing equation and the data obtained from analytical procedure is used to train Artificial Neural Network(ANN) so that system steady state stability status is determined.

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Harmonic Analysis Using Artificial Neural Network[ ]


The increasing application of power electronic facilities in the industrial environment has led to serious concerns about source line pollution and the resulting impacts on system equipment and power distribution systems. Consequently, passive or active power filters have been used as an effective way to compensate harmonic components in nonlinear loads. Obviously, fast and precise harmonic detection is one of the key factors to design power filters. Various digital signal analysis techniques are being used for the measurement and estimation of power system harmonics. Presently, neural network has received special attention from the researchers because of its simplicity, learning and generalization ability. This paper presents a neural network based algorithm that can estimate the total harmonic distortion present in the output form power electronic converter. Comparison with the Fourier series method is presented to demonstrate the fast response and high accuracy of neural networks.

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Effect of Pre-Insertion Resistor on Energization of Long Lines[ ]


Shunt reactors are commonly applied as a cost-effective way to provide inductive reactive power compensation for transmission lines. When energizing transmission lines with high compensation levels, current zero-crossing missing phenomena often appear due to the excessively long arcing time caused by the generated dc components from shunt reactors. Methods to prevent zero-missing phenomenon are still being studied and compared to see which countermeasure works the best. Technically the best way to avoid zero-missing phenomenon produces very high switching overvoltages, making the operator to choose to either avoid the zero-missing phenomenon or to minimize the switching transients. This paper presents a method of determining an optimal value of the resistance of the pre-insertion resistor that results in minimizing both the zero-missing phenomenon and switching overvoltages simultaneously and to study the voltage and inrush current behvaviour while charging the line and also to understand the effetivness of transient mitigating devices.

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Contingency Analysis of Power System Using Artificial Neural Networks[ ]


Contingency analysis is one of the most important tasks encountered by the planning and operation engineers of bulk power system. Power system engineers use contingency analysis to examine the performance of the system and to assess the need for new transmission expansions due to load increase or generation expansions. The different methods used for analyzing these contingencies are based on full AC load flow analysis or reduced load flow or sensitivity factors. But these methods need large computational time and are not suitable for on line applications in large power systems. It is difficult to implement on line contingency analysis using conventional methods because of the conflict between the faster solution and the accuracy of the solution. Therefore in this paper, computationally efficient method using artificial neural network is proposed for contingency analysis.

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Optimal Generation Scheduling in Deregulated Power System Using Bus Admittance Matrix Method[ ]


In a deregulated environment power contracts play a major role. These are the long term power agreements made between the buyer and the seller. This paper presents a methodology for evaluating an optimum real power generation scheduling in a power system consisting of regulated and deregulated subsystems to get system optimal and economical. If the bilateral contracts are made using the concept of bus impedance matrix method, such a contract will ensure better system security such as a good voltage profile and will also reduce the losses involved in the bilateral transaction. In this paper the charges incurred in meeting loads like generation charge, transmission charge and charge due to losses are evaluated. Case study is carried out on a sample IEEE 6 bus system, considering ideal power contracts and deviated power contracts. Minimization of fuel cost is considered as the objective function for each generator of a subsystem participating in the economic dispatch in deregulated market. The results obtained based on Bus Impedance matrix approach are compared with that of the base case approach, and it is found that the bilateral contract made based on the Bus impedance matrix approach is both optimal , in system voltage and loss point of view and also economical.

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Analysis of Fractional Frequency Transmission System[ ]


The fractional frequency transmission system (FFTS) is a newly developing concept in power transmission system. In this system, electrical power is transmitted at a reduced frequency i.eOne third of the rated frequency.This approach would be effective in long- distance transmission system . Transmitting power at a reduced frequency reduces the electrical length of the transmission line (i.e., more amount of electrical power can be transmitted using the same length of the line at reduced frequency than at rated frequency).This paper introduces the basic concept of FFTS and primary results.The simulation model of FFTS and conventional 50 Hz system is developed in Simulink platform of MA TLAB and stability is assessed under different contingencies. The results show that, rotor swings of FFTS are compatible with conventional 50 Hz system. Lastly, comparative analysis of design parameters of FFTS and conventional one is presented. Synthesis approach is used for evaluation of design parameters.

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A Review on Distribution Automation Systems [ ]


Distribution automation system will improve distribution system reliability and security. The main aim is to fast and precise detection and handling of fault and separating healthy section from fault section and thus reducing outage time. Distribution automation systems are a set of intelligent sensors, processors and communication technologies downstream from a substation that enables an electric power utility to remotely monitor and coordinate its distribution assets, and operate these assets in an optimal manner with or without manual intervention. Power Distribution Utilities are facing challenges with quality of power as the distribution networks of Indian Power Utility have grown more than double in size and complexity in the last 10-15 years as per ministry of power. As a result of population explosion load on the system is increasing day by day. It has resulted in the inefficiency in whole distribution system. Continuance with conventional manual systems is going to prove complex network handling resulting in consumer dissatisfaction at the quality of power and less control on technical and nontechnical losses. The system implemented in this paper describes about operation and control of the equipment connected at the substation and distribution line remotely. The equipment is divided into two types, one type is installed at the substation (SCADA) and the other type is located to the distribution consumers (SMART METER). All the equipment is linked by communication line connected between the sub- station and the control room, all equipment is controlled and operated remotely to operate and control the distribution system and to communicate each other while sitting in the control room at the sub-station.

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A Review on Battery Management System for Electric Vehicles[ ]


A battery management system (BMS) is an electronic regulator that monitors and controls the charging and discharging of rechargable batteries, keeping a check on the key operational parameters during charging and discharging such as voltages, currents and the battery internal and ambient temperature. The monitoring circuits would normally provide inputs to protection devices which would disconnect the battery from the load or charger any of the parameters like overcharge,undercharge,high temperature,become out of limits. The battery management system (BMS) is a critical component of electric and hybrid electric vehicles. The purpose of the BMS is to guarantee safe and reliable battery operation. To maintain the safety and reliability of the battery, state monitoring and evaluation, charge control, and cell balancing are functionalities that have been implemented in BMS.

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Voltage control of grid connected wind generation system using DSTATCOM[ ]


Recently the usage of distribution generation has significantly increased in the electric power distribution system.Wind generation system has potential application for the grid support.when integrated to the power system ,large wind farms pose stability and control issues A through study is needed to identify the potential problems and develop measures to mitigate them .Although integration of high levels of wind power into existing transmission system does not require a major redesign it necessities additional control and compensating equipment . The voltage of the wind generators is variable due to the intermittent nature of the wind energy. Fluctuating voltage is of major concern in the grid connected wind generation systems, this paper investigates use of a static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) along with wind farms for purpose of stabilizing the grid voltage The results are validated using matlab simulink simulation studies.

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PMU Based Real Time Power System State Estimation[ ]


Power system State Estimation is a process where the real time data from the network is fed to central computers and these data are used to know the status of the network and also used for calculation and recording purpose. The real time status of the network is atmost important in a smart grid. With the implementation of PMUs , the status of the system can be known. In addition with it, the reliability and efficiency of the system can be improved. In this paper, real time state estimation of two systems IEEE 14-bus and IEEE 30-bus system, have been performed with PMU and without PMU. Simulation results are compared with respect to accuracy.

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Optimal Placement and Cost Analysis of PMU for Power System State Estimation[ ]


The integration of Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) in power grids can greatly enhance the robustness and reliability of the system. As PMUs are costliear, these cannot be installed at all the buses in a system. Therefore one of the critical problems faced now a days, is the placement of PMU and to find out on which particular bus the PMU has to be placed. The main objective of this paper is to increase the efficiency and observability of the system. In this paper two systems are considered IEEE 14-bus and IEEE 30-bus system and the State Estimation with the insertion of PMU on both the systems are performed using MATLAB 2014 platform. Once the state of the system is obtained , the placement of PMU is done using Genetic Algorithm by taking care of zero-injection buses and radial buses. Simulation results show that proposed algorithm can achieve globally optimum performance, increases the system stability and robustness by reducing the computation time .

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Home Automation using IoT[ ]


These With headway of Automation innovation, life is getting less complex and simpler in all angles. In this day and age Automatic frameworks are being favored over manual framework. With the quick increment in the quantity of clients of web over the previous decade has made Internet an integral part of life, and IoT is the most recent and rising web innovation. Web of things is a developing system of regular item from modern machine to buyer products that can share data and complete errands while you are occupied with other activities.Home Automation framework utilizing IoT is a framework that utilizes cell phone to control essential home capacities and highlights consequently through web from anyplace around the globe, a computerized home is at times called a savvy home. It is intended to spare the electric power and human vitality. The home robotization framework contrasts from other framework by enabling the client to work the framework from anyplace around the globe through web association.

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Incorporation of TCSC for Steady State Analysis[ ]


Due to modernization, increase in the population and change in the life style of the people leads to increase in the power demand, The lack of generation, old electrical infrastructure old controlling techniques leads to failure of grid system and also causes the more losses in the network and power quality related issues.The incorporation of fast operating power electronics devices gives acceptable solution to operate reliable and stable operation of the power systems. In this paper TCSC placement is used for voltage profile improvement with loss reduction in the network.The obtained results gives the satisfactory improvement in efficient operation of the power systems.

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Loss minimization and Voltage Stability improvement with integration of Multiple DG’s into the distributed System[ ]


These One of the modern and important techniques in the electrical distribution systems is to solve the networks problems service availability, high loss and to improve system voltage these can be resolved by accommodating small scaled de-centralized generating stations in networks, which is known as Distributed Generation (DG).Distributed generation (DG) units reduce electric power losses and hence improve reliability and voltage profile. Determination of appropriate size and location of DG is important to maximize overall system efficiency. In this paper, a method has been presented to determine the appropriate size and proper location of DG in a distribution network in order to reduce the losses and improve the voltage stability in the distributed system. In this work the IEEE 33-Bus system is simulated in Power World Simulator (PWS) and the voltage magnitude and system losses are analyzed with one and two DGs. Simulation result shows that optimal placement and sizing of DG will reduce the system losses and improve the voltage profile within the acceptable limits and the loss reduction and voltage profile improvement is more with multiple DGs compare to one DG placed in the distribution system.

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Phasor Measurement Unit Modeling For Wide Area Monitoring and Smart Grid Control Using Distributed Energy Sources [ ]


The power system is a dynamic system which needs to be monitored and controlled for a wider area. Due to the lack in wide area monitoring, there is a major blackout in the power system grid leading to major cascaded failure. There are many technologies developed, but the major drawback in technologies was in the study of phasor measurement with a precise time stamp. The real essence of this paper is to emphasize the wide area monitoring application using PMU technology and modeling of phasor measurement unit for wide area monitoring and control of grid with distributed energy resources. In this paper, the application of phasor measurement unit is being modeled using Matlab 2018a version/Simulink environment and tested for normal state and fault state.The simulation result shows that the load is not affected even during power grid islanding application.

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Simulation and analysis of Solid State Transformer[ ]


In the power distribution system solid state Transformer (SST) has identified as most Important technology. SST contains Transformer which is smaller in size and operates at High frequency.A (SST) is nothing but AC to AC converter; it involves such a converter that replaces a conventional transformer which is used in AC electric Power distribution. This paper presents the comparison of single phase conventional Transformer with single phase solid state Transformer (SST) similarly holds good for three phase conventional and solid state Transformer also. Futher Comparison of conventional Transformer and Solid State Transformer with respect to Voltage Regulation, Efficiency and Total Harmonic Distortion. However the challenge of SST is to prove with higher efficiency and lower voltage regulation along with less harmonic distortion. The implementation of SST is done using MATLAB/Simulink.

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Brushless DC Motor Drive with Power Factor Correction Controller Technique[ ]


In this paper we have proposed a power factor correction technique for permanent magnet brushless DC motor (PMBLDCM) drive. The proposed method improves the power quality of the system by reducing the harmonic contains in current source i.e. total harmonic distortion (THD) in the system. As THD gets reduced of the system, the power factor of the system is improved. To improve power factor of the system it is necessary to bring source current in phase with source voltage, which can be done by the boost converter. PMBLDC motors are best because of their high efficiency, silent operation, compact size, high reliability, and low maintenance requirements. The performance of the proposed system is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink environment.

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Feeder Reconfiguration for Power Loss Reduction of Distribution System using Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization and Cuckoo Search approach with DG[ ]


The distribution system feeder reconfiguration plays vital role in power loss reduction. The power loss reduction is significant aspect for efficient distribution system power flow. There are many ways for reducing system power loss. The main objective of this paper is feeder reconfiguration is employed for system power loss reduction. The network reconfiguration in distribution system is performed based on opening sectionalizing and closing tie switches of the system. The most significant benefit of network reconfiguration is voltage profile improvement, power loss reduction and freeing up the distribution system capacity. The proposed method is tested ona 33 bus distribution system. The distribution system feeder reconfiguration is modeled by MATLAB platform. In this paper, hybrid particle swarm optimization and cuckoo search algorithm is applied to get the optimal switching strategy for the network reconfiguration operational planning. The simulation results from the power flow analysis have shown that the implementation of this hybrid approach leads to enhancement in voltage profile, real power loss reduction and percentage of power loss.

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Genetic Algorithm based Optimization of Power Generation in a Micro-grid System[ ]


As the population is increasing, need for energy is also increasing. Nowadays, enormity of energy cannot be denied. Hence it is essential to improve the grid’s situational awareness and allow for fast-acting changes in power generation. In such systems, an Energy Management System (EMS) should gather all the required information, solve an optimization problem, and communicate back to each distributed energy resource (DER) for its cor- rect allocation of energy. This paper proposes a metaheuristic optimization method i.e., Genetic Algorithm (GA) to optimally shares the power generation task among a number of DERs. The GA is utilized for minimization of the energy production cost in a micro-grid that includes wind plants, photovoltaic plants, and a combined heat and power system. It shares optimally the power generation for the various load values of a day.

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Implementation of Zeta Converter in SPV Application[ ]


In this paper zeta converter is used as dc-dc converter which is designed, simulated and analyzed in solarenergy system. The complete model of solar energy system is simulated in MATLAB 20013b using simulink. This model has 250W solar panel, zeta converter and resistive load. Solar Energy is most reliable and efficient renewable source for Electrical Power Generation. The electrical power output from the solar panel can effectively be obtained from Solar Photo Voltaic (SPV) Panels. Maximum Power Point Tracking is an algorithm to obtain maximum power from the solar panel effectively. Incremental Conductance Algorithm has been developed and in this approach considering the variations of atmospheric conditions under different varying load conditions. In this paper, the detailed analysis of incremental conductance algorithm has been included. The modelling of Incremental Conductance algorithm is implemented by using MATLAB/SIMULINK environment included in this literature. The PV is modeled in MATLAB considering the design equations of single diode model of solar cell. The design of power electronic converter is very important. To ensure reliability, safety, and to provide maximum efficiency to the PV system, selection and design of power electronic converters should be correct as well as optimal. The power converter is interfaced between PV panel and load.The Reference voltage is fixed based on the open circuit voltage available at the output of the converter. The objective of this paper is to design Zeta converter operating in boost mode and to implement it in solar photovoltaic application for maximum power point tracking using Incremental conductance algorithm.

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Modeling and Analysis of Hybrid Renewable Energy system using MPPT [ ]


This paper presents a standalone hybrid solar pv-wind energy system for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm. The performance of the hybrid system is evaluated using perturb and observe (P & O) method for tracking the maximum power from the PV array. The developed model is studied for different irradiation, temperature and wind speed, and the corresponding output power is obtained. The modeling and simulation of hybrid system is done using MATLAB/Simulink software.

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Grid Integration of PV System using Thyristor based Single Phase Inverter[ ]


In any grid tied solar PV based system, inverter is a critical component responsible for the control of electricity flow between dc source, and loads or grid. This paper presents a solar PV generation system integrated to grid. The proposed model used to mitigate the power quality issues in grid tied inverter which is simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK in power system block set. A solar PV based grid tied inverters are used for dc-ac conversion. The conventional dc-ac inverters have square shaped line current which contain higher order harmonics. The proposed control strategy of inverter reduces total harmonic distortions in line current significantly.

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Reconfiguration of Distribution System by Optimal Placement of Distributed Generator[ ]


Due to increase in the population and change in the lifestyle there is huge increase in the electricity demand and shortage in the generation, making new platform for the growth of distributed generator integration with power grids. The main reason for selecting the distributed generator is to reduce the power loss and improve the voltage profile of the network. This report deals with the total power loss reduction and improvement in the voltage profile of power system network by optimal location of distributed generator. The fuzzy logic method is used to find the candidate node for placement of DG. Results are validated. The fuzzy logic tool box gives faster results when compared with conventional method. The results obtained are satisfactory.

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Voltage Control of Hybrid Solar and Fuel cell In a DC Micro Grid[ ]


A DC micro grid is a hybrid renewable system in which the renewable resources suppy the average load, while non renewable generation and storage sytems maintain the power balance in presence of renewable resources. Distributed generations have the advantages of low loss, low investments, high reliability and high efficiency. However, it has some disadvantages such as small output capacity compared to the traditional power generation methods such as thermal power generation and nuclear power generation. These disadvantages can be overcome by connecting the distributed generations to a large power networks. since this network is not the existing power grid, there may exists the problems such as real-time monitoring, short circuits, controlling and adjustments of the system. These problems can be solved by connecting distributed generations by DC bus which results in DC distribution system, that is to say DC micro grid. In this paper hybrid solar and fuel cell is used as renewable resources. Since, solar energy is varying during day time we don’t get the constant output voltage. Hence, in this paper controller is designed for pv and fuel cell that will give the stable output voltage. Simulation model is developed in matlab and results are obtained.

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