NCIME 2017- National conference on Innovations in Mechanical Engineering

"NCIME 2017 Conference Papers "

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Review paper on Design, Modelling and Analysis of Safety Impact guard with PRV Based Damper[ ]


Road traffic crashes and their effects are quite complicated and expensive. Too many passengers die or injure every year because of high-way accidents. Most of the vehicle manufacturing companies are unable to control this matter successfully. Several studies have been conducted to improve road safety and reduce the number of accidents on the roads. As we cannot avoid accidents completely but impact of accident can be reduce by applying safety measures and safety instrument. Because of the lack of effective rear underride guards attached to trucks, trailers and semi-trailers, rear underride crashes are responsible for thousands of deaths every year throughout the world. Safety impact guard is one of the safety instruments which can reduce collision impact at rear end collision when accident occurs. Also provide safety against under ride crashes which is cause due to passenger vehicle collides with the truck or trailer. Proposed design of safety impact guard includes pressure relief valve as force absorbing element. When rear end collision is occurs the force or energy or impact is absorbed due to action of PRV.

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Water Operated Vertical Bridge Lifting[ ]


This project is a model and a simplified version of Kattwyk Bridge and has been made under the constraints of space, time and resources available. Although good approximations can be made in the development of analytical models. For existing structures, construction tolerances, deterioration of seals, and wear at support points are factors that further alter loading and structural conditions. To ensure that a safe structural design is produced assumptions on loading and structural characteristics can generally be conservative. So that a reliable assessment can be made, it is desirable to identify the unknown quantities (loading, boundary conditions, etc.) with sufficient accuracy. Experimental systems can measure the actual response of a structure subjected to various loading. However, with most systems only a few selected points on a structure can be monitored. An optimum evaluation system would incorporate both analytical and experimental techniques. An analytical model of such a system can be systematically modified until it simulates structural behaviour observed under experimental conditions. We considered the deck and truss of the bridge for analysis because to eliminate the complexity of the project. We considered the bridge as a fixed beam and the load to be a uniformly distributed load and calculated total deformation, maximum stresses and strains.

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Design Development Analysis of Semi-Active Suspension System for Glass Transport in Road Vehicles[ ]


Suspension systems are of great importance to ride comfort, handling, and safety of road vehicles. Unsurprisingly, the design of variable damping suspension systems has attracted considerable attentions during the past few decades. Compared with passive suspensions system, active damping and semi-active damping suspension systems have the capacity to improve the compromise between stability, ride, and handling by adjusting suspension damping in real time. Active and semi-active suspensions are expected to become an integral part of future vehicles, beyond the production vehicles that have already adopted them. The proliferation of such advanced systems is aided by the customer demand for improved vehicles, the broad availability of electronics and controllers in most automobiles and the emergence of electric vehicles with novel propulsions such as in-wheel independent electric drives. This concept, when applied to vehicles, will give better ride comfort and luxury, but same can be applied to the safe transport of fragile equipment like glass which prone to damage and incurs a considerable loss due to bad road condition during transport.

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CFD analysis of maglev train for high speed corridor project[ ]


It is always important to have knowledge of the fluid flow in case to find out the aerodynamics performances. Indian government has decided to implement High speed train project for the better transportation. In this article the proposed model of Maglev Train for this project is suggested. A scaled geometry model is proposed and Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analysis is done by using Ansys Fluent software, the possible results from these CFD analysis such as Total Pressure is then used for structural analysis purpose. Through the structural analysis possible stresses are found. To interact the CFD analysis result and structural analysis fluid structure interaction. (FSI) is used, For CFD analysis the model is enclosed in enclosure as per boundary conditions, air is given to inlet and output as pressure and then air is passed over this model from inlet . The stresses found from structural analysis are suggested

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Analysis of pump body casting by using casting process simulation[ ]


Design of gating system is vital in any molding or casting processes, in order to get defect free components. As far as the casting of pump body casing is concerned, finding the “Hot Spot” is very important, as most of the casting defects occur at the “Hot spot”. “Hot Spot” is the part of casting that gets solidified last. The “Hot Spot” usually occurs at the thickest cross section of the casting. By simulation, the most appropriate location is selected for incorporating the Gating system (gate, sprue, runner and riser) so that the “Hot spot” will be shifted to the Riser or gating and hence we get defect free components. This task is achieved through software known as AutoCAST, which is exclusively used for casting process

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Customization of 3D CAD Model For Piston Fixture Using NX Software[ ]


Parametric modeling(customization) involves variation of parameters. Parameter variation for simple object does not pose problem, but as model becomes complex it responds irrationally with parameter change. Parametric modeling is well developed technology to utilize previous design to develop new design by varying parameters. It is design reuse technique. Parametric modeling has made product development phase quick and efficient.CAD feature command i.e. extrude, revolve, slot etc. are itself parametric entity which accelerated design process. Nowadays, advancement is that industries are using the customized CAD software's for their products. Here also provided a detailed literature review about parametric modeling.

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Design of Gears for Drilling Machine[ ]


The drilling machine is most essential machine required in almost all the industries. The drilling machines having different types as per operations to be carried out. The growth of manufacturing sector depends largely on its productivity & quality. Productivity depends upon many factors, one of the major factors being manufacturing efficiency with which the operation/activities are carried out in the organization. Productivity can be improved by reducing the total machining time, combining the operations etc. In furniture industries needs the multiple drilling bits to complete operations on one workpiece. They need the multi drilling machines to increase the productivity, accuracy and quality. The best way to improve the production rate (productivity) along with quality is by use of special purpose machine. The tool set is design to hold the 5-6 number of tools. To drive that tool set we need to design a gear box i.e. gear. In this paper mostly focused on the gear design.

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Design of a Maganeto - Rheological Damper for Automotive Application[ ]


In the past decades Magneto – Rheological (MR) fluid technology has gained significant development. The application of MR fluids has grown rapidly in civil engineering, transportation with the development of MR fluid based devices, especially MR fluid dampers. The MR fluid dampers could offer very good semi active vibration control, because of its features such as fast response, environmentally robust characteristics, large force capacity, and low power consumption. In this paper, design of a MR fluid damper model is done, that can be used for the semi active control of automotive suspensions. After designing MRF damper it will be integrated to variable stiffness and damping suspension system to get better performance at varying load condition

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Analysis of Real Size Variable Stiffness and Variable Damping Shock-Absorber for Vehicular Application[ ]


Variable stiffness and damping systems for shock-absorber has been studied in past by many researchers. Apart from variable stiffness and damping most of the authors have used MR dampers and effective length changing techniques to achieve variable stiffness. In this paper previously developed prototype reference has been taken and real size shock-absorber is designed. This will be fitted in the vehicle to investigate whether it follows the trend of performance given by prototype. For this purpose spring and damper arrangement has been changed by keeping mathematical arrangement same as prototype. The performance parameters investigated are force transmissibility and acceleration for different inputs of frequency and sprung mass. The fabrication work will be completed very soon and testing will be carried out.

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Internal Combustion Engine Vibrations And Vibration Isolation[ ]


This paper presents general information of compression injection engine, sources of engine vibration and its solutions. In today’s competitive world, the customer expects better products than the existing one. Diesel engine is critical equipment because its failure has high consequences on cost. While designing any equipment it is necessary to consider reliability and maintainability as they are the critical factors that determine equipment performance, running cost and capital cost. Vibrations in an engine are undesired since they can cause increased stresses, added wear, increased sound levels, material fatigue, energy losses and increased bearing loads. This can in time lead to mechanical failure and breakdown. Vibration reduction is important which improves plant availability, as well as reduced breakdown costs of the engine. Vibration isolator is used which reduces the force transmitted from the engine to the support structure. Different methods are used to reduce the engine vibration. Anti-Vibration Mounts (AVMs) are the structures used to absorb the vibrations and dampen the harm causing forces. An anti-vibration mount can be constructed from a number of different materials, rubber has many inherent qualities which make it an ideal solution for this application.

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Mathematical modeling & design of worm and worm gear pair for determining the surface stress acting on the tooth of worm and worm gear for plug Valve application[ ]


Gears are one of the most important components in mechanical power transmission system. The bending stress and contact stresses of gear tooth is regarded as one of the key contributor for the failure of the gear in the gear set. Thus the analysis for these stresses has become essential for minimizing the chance of failure and optimized design of the gear. A worm gear, used in many industrial applications, can provide substantially increasing output torque due to its high gear ratio. It occupies small space due to its compactness. These advantages are very much appealing to automotive manufacturers in particular, as they are moving from the Hydraulic Power Steering to the Electric Power Steering system to provide assistant torque to the driver. The worm gear has great potential application in actuation of various types of valves, in various machineries and instruments.. This paper focuses on design of worm and worm gear, developing mathematical model of gear. This paper gives in detail design procedure for the worm and worm gear in plug valve application. The mathematical model of worm gear in plug valve application is developed to determine the Surface stresses acting on the tooth gear. The expression is obtained by using the maximum-shear-stress distribution in order to know the maximum-shear-stress value. The obtained results in this paper provides significant information for predicting the static and dynamic performance of worm gear pairs.

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Identification of Faults in Self-Aligned Double Row Ball Bearing[ ]


Bearing is a mechanical Device used in industrial and domestic applications. Bearing plays an important role in rotating machinery parts so more care need to take to design and to maintain good condition of the bearing. Bearing should be changed before actual failure in the rotating parts in order to avoid accident. This paper gives an idea about condition monitoring of bearing and an identification of faults occurred in bearing elements. Faults in bearing are detected by frequency spectrum of the vibration of the bearing. In these paper theoretical mathematical equations of bearing faults has used, that mathematical equations are solved by malt lab and results are plotted and that results of mat lab simulations are validated by experiment.

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Finite Element Analysis of Fatigue Crack Growth Rate of Spur Gear Tooth[ ]


Spur gear is the main source of power transmission in different gearbox system. The bending fatigue is a common mode of fatigue failure of a spur gear. It means that progressively damage of spur gear tooth and leads to complete failure of a spur gear. The initial crack is locate at the point where continuously cyclic stress is acting on spur gear tooth. There are two types of crack first one crack initiation and second crack propagation. If crack created on the gear tooth root then it goes on in-creasing. i.e. crack growth till complete break of tooth in two parts. The completely bending fatigue of spur gear is mainly divided into two parts crack initiation period and crack propagation period. Under the range of operating conditions, were Analytical performed by using standard specimens which were made up of structural steel. Mechanical APDL 17.2 is use for simulation. The crack propagation rate is determined by plotting the graph of the crackgrowth (da) versus cycles (dN). The complete service life of a spur gear can be then determine from no. of stress cycles required for fatigue initiations and no. of stress cycles for a crack propagate. The functional relationship between the stress intensity factor (ΔK) and crack length(da) which is use for determination of the required number of loading cycles (N) for a crack propagation from the initial to the critical length. The service life of spur gear can be found out using Paris Law which isbase on crack propagation rate and difference of Stress Intensity Factor.

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Fabrication and Experimental Performance Investigetion of Economical Multi-objective Agriculture Equipment[ ]


India is a land of Agriculture which consist of all marginal, medium and few amount of rich farmer. Yielding of crop depend on cost, time and human efforts. Hence, we have to reduce above parameters by developing multipurpose agricultural equipment. This study is carried out to developed multiobjective agricultural equipment which perform agriculture operations like ploughing, cultivating, weeding and spraying. The project represent modeling, fabrication and testing of low cost multiobjective agriculture equipment. Equipment having cost upto 50000 Rupees and it can be easily assembled and disassembled by single person. Efficiency of multipurpose agricultural equipment is more than bullock operated equipment by comparing operation time, field work. Also, it is more efficient than tractor about fuel efficiency, vibration and primary maintenance cost.

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Development of Hybrid Two Wheeler Vehicle (Scaled Model)[ ]


The development of hybrid electric two wheelers in recent years has targeted the reduction of on road emissions produced by these vehicles. However, added cost and complexity have resulted in the failure of these systems to meet consumer expectations. This report presents a comparative study of the energy economy and development of a hybrid electric two wheeler vehicle (scaled model) so that the efficiency of small two wheelers such as scooters or low capacity motorcycles can be improved. The projected model is modified from a 127cc GenSat Engine combined with 24V, 120A heavy duty DC electric motor to further enhance the overall fuel efficiency of the system, particularly the fuel consumption rate. The 127cc GenSat Engine is controlled via DC servo motor that derives its instruction and commands from Arduino Mega 2560 that in turn is controlled via the human machine interface (HMI) projected on the laptop. The main function/utility of the model is to prove the enhancement in the efficiency of a traditional motor scooter. This may prove to be important milestone for adoption of non-conventional electric vehicle.

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Process Improvement in Casting through Defect Minimization: A Case Study[ ]


Process mapping is the detailed mapping of the real process. Casting defect analysis is the process of finding root causes of occurrence of defects in the rejection of casting and taking necessary step to reduce the defects. A proper methodology is formed consisting of various quality control tools such as Pareto analysis, Ishikawa diagram (cause and effect diagram), brainstorming, why-why analysis. After Implementation of this methodology a better control over the process will be obtained. Detailed analysis of root cause will result into the permanent solution to the problem. This paper represents rejection details of casting under study with the help of quality control tools such as Pareto and Ishikawa diagram. Major defects contributing rejection of casting of Gear box housing are categorized into two parts. Namely methoding, filling and solidification related defects such as shrinkage & sand and mould related defects such as sand inclusion, sand drop etc. A methodology is formulated to improve the process and it will result into the minimisation of defects occurring with current casting process.

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An EPQ model for Deteriorating Items with mixed Demand pattern and Time Dependent Holding cost[ ]


The Economic Production Quantity (EPQ) model is commonly used by practitioners in the fields of production and inventory management to assist them in making decisions on production lot size. The classical EPQ model assumes that all the items produced are of perfect quality. Deterioration is the common phenomenon in the real production system of products like pharmaceuticals, food, flowers, vegetables etc. Here attempt has been made to discuss the different demand pattern for different time period. During inventory buildup time, demand is inventory dependent and during inventory depletion period, demand use is constant. Holding cost used here is linear function of time. The differential calculus method is used to find the optimal solution of the model. Convexity of the total cost with production up time has been proved. The influence of inventory dependent consumption factor is also discussed. Finally, numerical examples are used to illustrate the proposed model. Some managerial insights are also inferred from the sensitive analysis of model parameters.

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Effect of WEDM parameters on MRR of CADI sample Austempered for 06 hours[ ]


Researchers and scientist are in continuous search of a material having properties like high strength, high wear resistance and durability to satisfy the need of industries. CADI can be a option in future for satisfying this need. Carbidic Austemperd Ductile Iron can be used for manufacturing piston rings, dies, drill bits etc. Machining CADI with conventional method is tedious and complicated, so non conventional method is used. Among the non conventional machining operations Wire Electrical Discharge machining is the one which is used for machining hard materials with intricate shapes. In this study, experiments were conducted using Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array. Using S/N ratio analysis, optimum levels of process parameters were identified and by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), relatively significant parameters were determined. The variation of output responses with process parameters were mathematically modeled by using linear regression analysis method and the models were checked for their adequacy.

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Optimization of Process Parameters for Surface Roughness During Dry Turning of Fg 260 Grey Cast Iron[ ]


This paper investigates the effect of process parameters in dry turning of grey cast iron FG 260 on a CNC lathe. The parameters namely the spindle speed, feed rate and depth of cut are varied to study their effect on surface roughness. The study reveals that surface roughness is directly influenced by the feed rate and spindle speed. It is observed that surface roughness increases with increased feed rate and is higher at lower speeds .In this investigation, an effective approach based on Taguchi method, analysis of variance (ANOVA), multivariable linear regression (MVLR), has been developed to determine the optimum conditions leading to minimum surface roughness value. Experiments were conducted by varying spindle speed, feed rate and depth of cut using L9 orthogonal array of Taguchi method. The present work aims at optimizing process parameters to achieve minimum surface roughness Ra. Experimental results from the orthogonal array were used as the training data for the MVLR model to map the relationship between process parameters and SR the experiment was conducted on CNC lathe machine. From the investigation It concludes that feed rate is most influencing parameter followed spindle speed and depth of cut.

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Outgassing rate of different materials and its measurement methods[ ]


The Outgassing due to the vacuum chamber wall materials determine the ultimate pressure to be achieved in a vacuum system in the absence of leaks, internal cracks and permeation through chamber wall. Outgassing rate is more important at lower pressure, i.e. the evolution of molecules from the surfaces exposed to the vacuum. Outgassing occurs mainly due to desorption and diffusion from the internal surface of the chamber and from the bulk material respectively. Hence selection of right candidate material with a known outgassing rate is required for the vacuum system designing. This paper reports outgassing properties of different structural materials and how outgassing rate is changing in different experimental conditions. In ultra high vacuum systems, it is required that they are constructed of materials which are having the best outgassing properties. Since such systems are normally made up with prebaked the materials, and hence have to withstand high temperatures. Hence the selection of the structural materials has a significant effect on the vacuum system’s performance. In view of the above outgassing rates for various structural materials are presented in a tabular form.

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Study and Implementation Of - First ‘S’ Of ‘5s’ In College Workshop: A Case Study[ ]


Today’s industries mainly focus on procedure high quality product with minimum cost to compute the competitive market. Therefore product as well as service industries started implementation of lean tools and techniques. Japanese lean tools are very famous and effective to improve efficiency of processes and elimination of losses. 5S is basic foundation of lean manufacturing system. It is tool for cleaning, sorting, organizing, and providing the necessary groundwork for workspace improvement. This work is intended to study and implementation of ‘5S’ tool by removing non-value added activities, wastages and abnormality in workshop at Sant Gajanan Maharaj Collage of Engineering, Mahagaon. It will show significant improvements in safety, productivity, efficiency and housekeeping. In this paper successful implementation of first ‘S’ i.e. Seise is carries out and implementation of remaining Four ‘S’will be done in next paper.

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Vacuum Soldering of OFHC Copper with Low Temperature Filler Material[ ]


Vacuum soldering is one of the advanced soldering methods, mainly used for joining of copper alloys, super conductors, photo circuit board. One of the many promising application of vacuum soldering is in electrical and electronics industries to join two or more superconductors. This work is mainly focused on vacuum soldering of oxygen free high conducting copper with copper and other super conductors like NbTi wire and BSSCO tapes by using lead tin eutectic filler metal and tin bismuth low temperature filler material. Joining of super conductor is very difficult by using conventional joining method like soldering by heater due to it’s lose high conductivity. Therefore vacuum soldering is novel method of joining of superconductors without affecting their properties. The filler material and working conditions are using in this process selected in such a way that it is not affecting thermal and electrical resistivity of super conductors. Generally vacuum soldering is carried out in high vacuum resistance furnace, that can control manually as well as automatic. Temperature used in joining of high temperature superconducting leads is varies from 220 °C for SnPb and 180 °C for Sn–Bi. Vacuum level used in this process is 102 mbar to improve the wettability of Oxygen OFHC copper with solder alloys. Tin coating is made on the surface of having thickness 15 μm. Tin coating on the copper improve wettability and also reduced resistivity as compared to the uncoated OFHC copper. The voids, unfilled areas and other defects were nullified in the tin coating and it is delivering better results. Microstructural analysis revealed the better bonding with minimum reaction length for the selected temperature.

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Recent Efforts to Improve Microstructure And Weld Properties of Spot Weldments - A Review[ ]


The type of the joints covered are i) Spot welding of triple-thin-sheet aluminium alloy ii)Resistance spot welding of dual phase steel with external magnetic field iii) Resistance spot welding of three different dissimilar aluminium alloy stackups that included die cast Aural2T7 to Aural2T7,Aural2T7 to AA5754O, and Aural2T7 to AA6022T4 iv)Resistance spot welding behaviour of 780 MPa dual-phase steel with HDGA coating compared to the one coated with HDGI coating.v) Use of post weld heat treatmentusingSecond Pulse Current in Resistance Spot Welding of TRIP Steel and its effects on the Microstructure and mechanical behaviour. The materials considered are Aluminium, DP980, Mild steel and 302 austenitic stainless steel, AISI 430/DQSK Steels and TRIP steel. The changes obtained in microstructure and properties for different welding processes are discussed. In spot welding of triple-thin-sheet aluminium alloy, an analytical model, which is suitable for the three-sheet aluminium alloy resistance spot weld, was proposed to ensure the pullout failure mode. The critical weld button size required to ensure the pullout failure mode was obtained.Medium level of the second pulse current for post weld heat treatmentimproved mechanical properties with desirable pull-out failure modeand fusion zone microstructure consisted of a recrystallized structure of martensite. The microstructure and mechanical performance of dissimilar resistance spot welds between AISI 430 ferritic stainless steel and drawing quality special killed (DQSK) low-carbon steel was discussed with reference to peak load, failure energy, and failure mode during the tensile-shear test.

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Solid Waste Management by Using Coconut Shell Powder as an Aggregate Material in Construction Bricks[ ]


Coconut shell is an agricultural waste which is available in large quantities throughout the tropical countries of the world. It is thrown away or burnt as a means of solid waste disposal. Hence there is need of development of a new method of waste disposal for this coconut shells to benefit the agricultural as well as other industries. Earlier the coconut shell has been used as a lightweight aggregate in concrete as well as for making composite materials. In this work, we have done an experimental study regarding the potential of coconut shell powder as an aggregate material for making construction bricks. The bricks are made using coconut shell powder with soil in a ratio 5% (Sample 1), 10 % (Sample 2), 15% (Sample 3), 20% (Sample 4), 25% (Sample 5) and 30% (Sample 6) by volume. Test results have shown that compressive strength decreases with the increase of coconut shell powder. Bricks of Sample-1 give maximum average compressive strength of 4N/mm2 followed by Sample-3 2.36N/mm2, Sample-2 2.02N/mm2, Sample-4 and Sample-5 1.5N/mm2 and at Sample-6 0.6N/mm2. Also, Percent Water Absorption by weight is observed to be increasing with the increase in the volume of coconut shell powder. Water absorption in Sample-1 is minimum i.e. 16.35% and further increases in remaining samples as the amount of coconut shell powder increases. Thus Sample-1 bricks fulfil the criteria for compression test and water absorption as mentioned in IS 3495(1 to 4) – 1992. Thus it proves that using the coconut shell powder as an aggregate in construction bricks can be a way for solid waste disposal. This work puts a milestone for the further work in this area.

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Investigation of Carbon Glass Epoxy Fibre Composite Material Under Tensile Loading[ ]


Epoxy glass fibre composites are good for structural engineering for high strength and low weight and high stiffness. Aeroplanes and space vehicles are important low weight structures in which glass composite materials are useful. The study of composite materials involves many topics for example manufacturing processes, anisotropi, elasticity strength of anisotropic materials and micromechanics. Composite material means two or more materials are combined to form a useful material. Properties are- Strength, Fatigue Life ,Stiffness, Temperature dependent, Corrosion Resistance, Thermal Insulation, Wear Resistance, Thermal Conductivity, Attractiveness, Acoustical Insulation, Weight.

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Die making of Submarine Part[ ]


Older days molding process is complicated and time consuming process. At starting drawing o drawing book, then on design software (2D) was used, then which mold patterns made. This result not get more time. So molding cost gets higher and more time consume for design process. By coming of 3D software, it can easy to draw the design and editable. This mold is done in two steps in older process. First make cylindrical part on injection mold, then groove was making on machine. Because of two steps process required more time for design and manufacturing .So two step modified in one step by using 3D software ,So less time require for design and also increasing production rate.

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Review on Manufacturing Predictive simulation: Use of WITNESS SIMULATION SOFTWARE[ ]


Simulation is a necessary set of technological tools and methods for successful implementation of digital manufacturing by way of predictive simulation, since it allows for experimentation and validation of the product, process and system design and configuration. Especially in today’s quick changing manufacturing environment, which is affected due to factors like globalization, product customization, government rules enforcements and changing demand of the customer resulting in changing market trends, the value of simulation is evident. It allows learning and testing the manufacturing environment virtually. The paper here, details out the simulation and its applications and benefits .It includes discussion on how simulation is a way to digitalization and its benefits to Indian society in the field of science and technology.

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Development and Implementation of guideline for Die Casting Process in DFMPro Software[ ]


In current competitive environment, it is very important to analyze product development process based on customer requirement. In market different options are available for customer to complete the functional requirement so it is important to address customer’s requirement with respect to cost as well as time to launch in market. DFMPro help designers check their designs for manufacturability and assembly and correct these problems early in the design stage. It automates the iterative design change phase between design and manufacturing team. So it helps to get design right in early stage of product development. The present article discusses the method for analysis of die casting part for minimum wall thickness check (i.e. it will check all the dimensions of part with input dimension given in software).The check is created with using FR (Feature Recognition) technology. FR is helping to identify different features and faces of part. Information obtained from FR and using vector and geometrical concept it is possible to obtain wall thickness of part. To develop this guideline the programming is done in C and C++.The result demonstrate that the developed guideline will help to measure wall thickness across the all feature of part and avoid defects like misrun effectively before first part being manufactured.

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Design and optimization of Glass/Epoxy driveshaft for passenger vehicle[ ]


Propeller shaft is a mechanical component for transmitting torque and power. The useful work is transmitted from gearbox through propeller shaft, differential, live axle and then finally to wheels. Drive shafts are subjected to torsion and shear stress, equivalent to the difference between the input torque and the load. They must therefore be strong enough to bear the stress, at the same time avoiding too much additional weight as it increases inertia. To allow variations in the alignment and distance between the driving and driven components, conventional drive shafts frequently incorporate one or more universal joints and jaw couplings, which increases weight of drive-shaft. In order to obtain the reduction of the weight of the vehicle without decrease in strength and reliability, composite material technology is an efficient alternative.Here composite driveshaft is manufactured for Maruti Omni car and is compared with steel shaft of the same vehicle. Composite drive shaft design has many variables that are needed to be tuned and optimized. Optimization of composite shaft is done with Teaching Learning Based Optimization Algorithm(TLBO), which is very efficient and requires less computational effort due to absence of algorithm specific parameter.

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Friction & Wear Analysis of PTFE material & its composites[ ]


PTFE (Polytetrafluroethylene) has low coefficient of friction and high thermal stability. Low coefficient of friction concludes from the ability of PTFE’s extended chain, linear to form film layer upon its surfaces and counter faces during sliding and increasing the pressure to PTFE enhances to easily form the film layer and improve tribological behaviour. However, PTFE exhibits poor wear behavior and abrasion resistance. To overcome inferior low mechanical properties, the addition of filler materials (glass, carbon, graphite fiber) to PTFE can advance its wear resistance. All of above findings suggest PTFE fillers provide the wear resistance, lower coefficient of friction. The aspect ratio of PTFE seems to be very critical parameter to determine the best working conditions for providing wear resistance and low coefficient of friction of polymer journal bearings. The tribological behavior of PTFE bearings which were run in the experiments under the sliding distance, load and velocities will be investigated. The experimental work is performed on Pin-on-disc Test Rig apparatus and analyzed with the help of minitab software. The results of experiment will be presented in terms of graphs, tables and will be analyzed.

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Parametrics Investigation on Material selection for Outlet guide vane (OGV)[ ]


Design solutions for intermediate cases with integrated outlet guide vanes, which has the job to both carry load and direct the bypass air, are considered competitive for the future. The different concepts have also been evaluated with respect to material selection. Various design parameters by fatigue load consideration are described in order to design the outlet guide vane. Possible design solutions are discussed by considering fatigue load considerations. Critical factors when designing integrated outlet guide vanes are weight, cost, structural stiffness, sound damping and operating life. A solid vane design will make the target weight for the outlet guide vanes to be exceeded, especially when engines are getting larger in diameter due to a desire to increase the by-pass flow. Author concludes that Ti-6A1-4V is best alloy for the manufacturing of outlet guide vane from structural and chemical composition point of view.

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Design Development and Analysis of Indexable Tool Head and Auto-feed Table Mechanism forPortable Orbital Form Rivetter[ ]


Riveting process is conventionally carried out using either a press machine, or manually hammering. This process is not accurate, takes considerable time and effort and so also may result into damage of component. The angle of the riveting tool held in the riveting head plays a significant role in the reduction in forming force, whereas the table motion will determine the accurate positioning of the rivet in to tool profile, resulting into exact shape and size of rivet head formed.

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Models and Real Time Simulation are the Way of Effective Learning[ ]


In this paper, we tried to convey the importance of effective learning through difference between the theoretical and practical outcomes and how it is beneficial for the learner. For example, one numerical from the textbook is being converted into the practical model.For the above conversion, we fabricate a model in our college workshop. This model conveyed the correct picture of mechanism given in numerical. This technique enhances the practical skills of students. In this case study, we have focused on the importance of recycling the waste paper generated from surrounding. During the study in our college, we came to know that a lot of papers are used daily and are just a waste. Therefore, there must be a recycling setup for reuse of these papers. By using this plant, the waste paper generated can be recycled and reused easily. We also observed that the prepared plant is economical, requires less maintenance and space to operate. Workshop is generally associated with development of basic knowledge of manufacturing. This includes fabricating the basic structures like T- joint, lap joint etc. but these joints become wastage after sometime. So, replacing this with an idea of distributing the different minor projects among the group of students in workshop. This minor project includes making of different types of products chosen by them which will increase their imagination or thinking power.Therefore, it will reduce the wastage of products and also develops an entrepreneurship skill. This also encourages the students to develop a start –up. The above case study concludes that the modern methods in workshop are much more beneficial in different aspects for the students than the traditional methods.

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Simplificaton of Six Sigma Implementation Using Shainin Tools for Process Improvement[ ]


The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief overview of Six Sigma and Shainin methodology and to propose the modification of Six Sigma methodology in order to achieve improved efficiency of DMAIC in the process improvement journey by using some of the Shainin tools. The success of the Six Sigma program in an organization depends to a large extent on the success of the Six Sigma project, which in turn depends on how combination of tools is being applied to address the root cause. Shainin Design of Experiments (DOE) offers powerful and effective experimental design approach for solving the chronic quality problems that plague manufacturers worldwide. The objective of this paper is to examine as to how to simplify the implementation of Six Sigma methodology by the applicability of a simpler but not very frequently used methodology known as Shainin methodology. The comparative study of various approaches of Six Sigma implementation has been done.

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