i-NAME 2K20 - International Conference on Advances in Mechanical Engineering

"i-NAME 2020 Conference Papers "

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An Experimental study on Sprinkler Discharge Density Distribution[ ]


Utilization of fire sprinkler system is to make fire extinction easier and to avoid major mishaps or damages. In general sprinkler has two functions. One is detection of fire and the other is to provide adequate distribution of water to control the fire. Each function has to be performed separately. This study is an attempt to find out the water discharge density through different types of sprinklers to locate the Discharge Density Region (D.D.R) under the area covered. The factors like pressure and height shift the density regions.By regulating the factors ‘pressure’ and ‘height’ to optimum level , these varying density regions are radially tested by setting up the water collector jars at a specified distance between each other and then operating the sprinkler for water collection in jars for a fixed time limit. In conclusion, optimum pressure & height has been identified with the help of experiments for uniform discharge density distribution and Discharge Density of different types of sprinklers has been compared.

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Effect of Flyash Filler Material on Tensile Property for Jute/Glass Hybrid Laminate Composites with Dry and Wet Conditions[ ]


In this paper, an attempt has been made to estimate the tensile property for Jute/Glass hybrid composite by considering the different percentage of flyash as filler material. The Jute/Glass hybrid laminate composites with various flyash weight percentages (3%, 6%, 9% and 12%) were manufactured using hand lay-up technique with reinforcement and matrix weight ratio of 40:60. During fabrication process the reinforcement laminate (Jute and Glass) fiber are fixed and there by varying the matrix weight percentage in accordance with weight percentages of flyash filler material. The tensile specimens are prepared according to ASTM-D-638 standard were machined from square fabricated Glass/Jute laminated sheet along with various flyash weight percentages. The tensile test carried out for the specimens with dry and wet conditions. The wet conditions for the tensile specimen were done according to ASTM D5229. It was observed that 6 wt% of flyash filler material with Jute/Glass hybrid laminate composite gives the better results in both dry and wet conditions. Also it is found that the strength of 6 wt% of flyash filler material with Jute/Glass hybrid laminate composite is 2.6 to 2.8 times more than that of pure Jute laminate composite.

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Mechanical Properties of Aluminum A357 Metal[ ]


The research examines the mechanical properties of aluminum A357 metal matrix composite reinforced with silicon carbide at constant 5% wt% and different grain size of 80 µm, 100 µm and 120 µm. The mechanical properties i.e. hardness and tensile strength were studied by preparing the required samples as per ASTM standards by stir casting method. From the obtained results we found that sample with more weight percentage of 120 µm SiC, tensile strength and hardness increases. Also microstructure shows the uniform distribution of reinforcement material.

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Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded Metal Matrix Composite- AA6061-B4C influenced by Tool Pin Geometry[ ]


The present work is focused on evaluating the mechanical properties of casted Aluminum Metal Matrix Composite [AA6061-B4C] and Friction stir welded Aluminum Metal Matrix Composite using different tool pin geometry and their extent of use in nuclear, aerospace, land transport, railway and marine industries applications. AMMCs’ were made by stir casting process with varying weight percentage of B4C. AA6061-B4C composite friction stir welded joints were made by optimized rotational speed, transverse speed and tilt angle, with taper and square pin tool geometry profile. The welding process parameters and tool profile geometry plays larger role in deciding the weld quality. While making FSW AMMCs, the welded plates were maintained at constant thickness of 3mm. From the result obtained, it is observed that better mechanical properties were obtained at optimized tool rotating speed of 1400 rpm and transverse speed of 40mm/sec with tilt angle of zero deg. The Square pin tool geometry profile showed greater refinement of microstructure in AMMC. Higher tensile strength and hardness were obtained for 9% B4C reinforcement of casted AMMC.

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Design Fabrication and Performance analysis of a Shell and tube heat exchanger using Computational fluid dynamics[ ]


In this study, endeavors to design a Shell and tube heat exchanger by modeling in Solidworks software, which is having a tube of inner diameter 7.75mm and outer diameter of 9.52mm, five tubes of length 400mm were designed. The design considerations were made by referring to TEMA Standards. The analysis of this model was carried out by using fluent package of ANSYS®. Water was used as a medium of heat transfer. The model was analyzed for same and different mass flow rates at the inlets of cold and hot fluids and from the simulations results it was found that the heat transfer rate increased for different flow rates at the inlets of cold and hot fluids. The prototype was fabricated and tested. The results from experimentation was compared with the results of computational method to validate the performance.

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Design and Analysis of Solid Waste Reinforced Material for Engineering Applications[ ]


There is an increasing amount of post-consumer textile waste that is generated in India with an estimated population of above 1.33 billion, but limited studies have been carried out on the channels of recycling of postconsumer apparel waste in India. In India textiles being 4 per cent of India’s GDP, the annual consumer expenditure on clothing and footwear is almost 68 billion dollars.Hence recycling of textile waste is of prime concern which is not being addressed adequately. The present work is to utilize this end-of-life textile materials as reinforcement for composite material. The textile reinforced composite material is fabricated using the hand layup technique with epoxy resin as the matrix material and fly ash as a filler material. The material is fabricated for different ratios of textile waste to epoxy resin. The fabricated material is subjected to series of mechanical tests including tensile test, bending test, water absorption test and Poisson’s ratio test. The properties (density, Poisson’s ratio, Young’s modulus) thus obtained are used for analysis and for comparing load bearing capabilities with commercially used balsa wood. The material is also analyzed for its response as a safety helmet. The simulation of the crush test in downward direction, longitudinal direction and transverse direction is simulated using ANSYS software. The results obtained are validated with the BIS protocols and conclusions are derived.

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DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERISATION OF ALUMINIUM ALLOY REINFORCED BORON NITRIDE METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES[ ]


Al2014 alloy reinforced with BN composites were processed by stir casting technique. The developed composite was subjected to micro-structural, Tensile, hardness and density studies. Tensile strength and hardness were increased by 13.3% and 18.7% respectively due to increased dislocation density with the addition of reinforcement. Grain refinement with reinforcement addition was observed. It is found that with increasing reinforcement the strength improves considerably up to certain extent. Thus in the present work an attempt is made to use BN to enhance the property of Al2014

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A Study On Properties Of Pongamia Pinnata And Waste Cooking Oil Mixture.[ ]


Biodiesel is renewable fuel and it can replace Petro-Diesel ever demand of the fuel supply with environmental concern of pollution, A need of production and utilization of Biodiesel are of great concern. Biodiesel contains similar properties of Petroleum Diesel with improved environmental benefits. The usefulness of Biodiesel production from Pongamia oil and waste cooking oil have been examined with respect to its fuel properties and blending characteristics with Petro-Diesel. In this study Pongamia and waste cooking oil Biodiesel mixture is prepared in the ratio of P50%+V5%, P75%+V25%, P25%+V75% and Blends of these Biodiesel (B10,B20,B30) These blends were tested for various Properties like flash and fire point, Calorific value , density and viscosity. The different blends of biodiesel are used to test the properties evident from the experiment that B10(P50+V50) shows the most of the properties nearer to that of Diesel B20(P25+V75) give highest calorific value among all the blends .

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Evaluation and Vibration Analysis of Ball Bearing of Coffee Beans Processing Machinaries using Finite Element Model Simulation[ ]


Ball and roller bearings, generally called rolling bearings, are among the commonly used components in machineries, since they provide relative positioning and rotational freedom while transmitting a load between two structures, usually a shaft and housing. In various applications, these bearings are considered as critical mechanical component since defect in these components may lead to malfunction, even catastrophic failure. The present work is focused on the development of mathematical models and solution algorithms for the analysis of porous ball bearing in coffee bean processing machinaries. Vibration analysis is one of the most established methods used to evaluate bearings. In this study, finite element model simulation is developed to analyse the vibration of ball bearings and finding initial modes and corresponding natural frequency.

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Process planning and cutting parameters optimization for CNC machining.[ ]


Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine is an essential part of the industrial manufacturing process. It is important for fast production in the competitive world. The choice of process for CNC machining is important for the production of parts. In this study the process of the CNC machine in proper sequence for optimization of CNC machine parameters. The selection of process parameters as speed, feed and Depth for product manufacturing. The experiment has performed with the variables of speed, feed and depth of cut for the outcome of material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness and find out the optimum levels of Parameters. The Experiment has performed according to the orthogonal array through grey relation analysis in Taguchi method. An optimum level of the experiment is identified by gey relation analysis. To validate the test, a confirmation test is performed. The experimental outcome is proved that the performed values increase efficiency through this fresh approach.

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Tensile and Impact behaviour of Al-Silica Metal Matrix Composites[ ]


In this study, Al alloy LM13-Silica composites were produced by stir casting method using silica powder as reinforcement particle with 150 micron average diameter and Al alloy as the matrix metal. Different samples of 3, 6, 9 and 12 weight percent of silica were prepared to investigate the effect of silica particles on the tensile and impact behavior. The casted composite specimens were machined as per test standards. Recently, the material technology has seen many contemporary developments in the field of fabricating new materials which reinstates the current materials for different applications. The manufactured composites were tested to determine their tensile and impact properties and the result proves that the samples addition of silica has better mechanical properties. The microstructures of the composites were studied to know the dispersion of the silca particles in matrix. This study essentially focuses on establishing aluminium metal matrix composites on aerospace and automotive industries applications because of their admirable properties compared with the unreinforced alloys.

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Utilization of Pongamia Pod Shell and Tamarind Shell for the Production of Fuel Pellets[ ]


In this work pongamia pod shell, tamarind shell, crude glycerine which is a biodiesel by-product and distillery yeast sludge were used for the production of fuel pellets. Fuel pellets were produced in small pelleting die and pressure applied manually using lathe machine. The produced pellets were tested for calorific value, moisture content, ash content, volatile matter and fixed carbon contents using standard procedures. The results confirmed that better quality fuel pellets were produced for 50% Pongamia, 25% sludge and 25% crude glycerine. The fuel pellets produced in this study can be used in variety of applications where heat is required.

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Experimental investigation of the peltier mini cooler[ ]


This article illustrates regarding the design and construction of Portable mini refrigerator using peltier module, with an interior cooling, a box made of acrylic sheets of (15*12*10)in inches. The Peltier module is equipped with control switch, which was found to be satisfactory to meet the required precision of +/- 2 degree Celsius put forth in requirements. There is no need of refrigerants since we are using Peltier Module. The Peltier chip (TEC chip) is a thermo-element that utilizes the Peltier effect to implement a heat pump. It has two plates — one cold and the other hot. Between the plates, there are several thermocouple are connected together. Cooling Fan is used to reduce the heat dissipation. We have tested the cooling effect and the time taken to cool or freeze 1ltr of water bottle and sample testing on different cold drinks is done. Also the preferred medicine to preserve at particular temperatures

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Characterization of Viscose Staple and E-Glass Fiber Hybrid Composites[ ]


The study of light weight with high strength application of the composites in automobile industry has been popular. The present work is synthesizing four different compositions of hybrid composites made of viscose staple fibre and E-Glass fibre reinforced with epoxy resin. The specimens were fabricated by hand layup technique investigated the best hybridization effect of viscose staple fibre on the mechanical properties. Mechanical tests were carried out, 15% of viscose staple fibre hybridization shows the optimum results than the other three composites.

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Study on water from Solar Heater for Domestic Cooking[ ]


This article presents an innovative method for domestic cooking using Solar Energy. The technique is based on principles of convection using hot water obtained from evacuated solar tubes. This concept illustrates the feasiablity of readily available hot water to aid in domestic cooking among other uses. Our work deals with the modification, fabrication and performance evaluation of such a heat exchanger unit.

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HYBRID SOLAR THERMAL-INDUCTIVE DESALINATION UNIT FOR RURAL HOMES[ ]


Desalination is one of mankind’s earliest forms of water treatment, and it is still a popular treatment solution throughout the world today. In nature, solar desalination produces rain when solar radiation is absorbed by the sea and causes water to evaporate. The evaporated water rises above the surface and is moved by the wind. Once this vapour cools down to its dew point, condensation occurs, and the freshwater comes down as rain. This basic process is responsible for the hydrologic cycle. This same principle is used in all man-made distillation systems using alternative sources of heating and cooling. Desalination uses a large amount of energy to remove a portion of pure water from a salt water source. Salt water (feed water) is fed into the process, and the result is one output stream of pure water and another of wastewater with a high salt concentration.

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Influence of volume fraction,density and porosityonstrength and stiffness of Aluminum alloy LM12/ SiC(23 microns)metal matrix composites and comparison of tensile test experimental results withFEsimulation tests [ ]


Nowadays aluminum alloys are produces excellent and superior properties and these alloys are used in different industrial sectors like,agriculture, constructions, aerospace, automobile, utensils, and general engineering industries because of this alloys is very favourable in microstructure behavior, hardness, less weight ratio, high strength and having good mechanical properties.In this workthealuminum alloy LM12 is the base material this is reinforced withthe silicon carbide. The metal matrix compositefabricatedbyusing the stir casting techniques with the uniform distribution of SiC and this confirmed by using the SEM, EDX and XRD analysis. The MMC’s evaluate the mechanical properties such as tensile test experimented results are comparison with the Finite element analysis. The FEA model has been prepared by using the ABQUS software evaluate the maximum stress, deformation and load carrying capacity and calculate the Density and Porosity of MMCs’.In this all MMC’s obtained results are compared with the pure AALM12 alloy without of silicon carbide addition. The reinforced silicon carbide varies with the 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% &20%wt.fraction. Increment of SiC in MMC’s the tensile test results are increases, density of MMC’s also increases but porosity is decreases with increasing of SiC.These are the properties evaluationsare presented in this paper.

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Influence of volume fraction, density and porosity on strength and stiffness of Aluminum alloy7075/ 500nm SiC metal matrix composites & comparison of tensile test experimental results with FE simulation tests [ ]


The aluminum alloy is having one of the superior material properties which is used in different industrial sectors like aerospace, automobile and general engineering industries because of their favourable microstructure and mechanicalbehavior.TheMetal matrix composites of aluminum alloy reinforced withsilicon carbide reinforcement are useful in. In this work,CompositesofaluminumalloyAl7075and 500nmsiliconcarbidewerefabricatedbyusing popular method of stir casting techniques. Further test of MMC’s like density, porosity and experimented and FEA analysis. Al7075 metal matrix composite as compared to the Al7075 alloy without silicon carbide addition. The 500nm silicon carbide content varies with the 0%, 2%, 4%, 6% &8%wt.fractions. Comparison of experimented tensile results with FEA analysis and density of MMC’s were studied in this paper.

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Effect of Sic and Graphite Particulates on Properties of Al 2214 Alloy Hybrid Composites[ ]


The proposed venture work is to manufacture and think about the mechanical properties, break strength and wear properties of Al2214/SiC-Gr composites are set up by mix projecting technique. The measure of fortification, for example, silicon carbide, is changing on independently from 2-8 wt% in steps of 2 wt%, graphite is changing on independently from 2-8 wt% in steps of 2 wt%, .The blend of silicon carbide is changing on from 2-8 wt% in steps of 2 wt%, and graphite is saved consistent for an enhanced estimation of 4 wt%.The readied crossbreed composites of Al 2214/SiC-Gr are exposed to number of tests to assess the mechanical properties, for example, hardness, Ultimate Tensile quality, Yield Strength, Compression Strength, and Density, according to the ASTM principles.

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Thermogravimetric analysis of electron-beam irradiated high density polyethylene[ ]


High density polyethylene (HDPE) polymer films are irradiated with 1.2 MeV electron-beam over a dose range of 0-600 kGy. The modifications in structural and thermal properties HDPE polymers irradiated at different doses of electron radiation are investigated using FTIR and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. The FTIR spectral studies indicates the formation of carbonyl (C=O) group and conjugate C = C bonds in the irradiated polymer samples. From the TG curve we measured onset temperature of thermal decomposition and temperature corresponding to maximum rate of mass loss. Further we evaluated the activation energy of thermal degradation by various kinetics of thermal degradation methods viz., Anderson-Freeman, Sharp-Wentworth and Horowitz-Metzger method, to study the modification in the thermal properties of HDPE exposed to electron radiation. It was found that onset temperature of thermal decomposition, temperature corresponding to maximum rate of mass loss and activation energy of thermal degradation of HDPE increases with the increase in the dose of electron radiation. Thus the electron-beam irradiated HDPE polymer films are found to be more thermally stable than unirradiated sample.

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Evaluation of Fracture toughness of Al 7075 Hybrid MMC by Experimental and FEA methods[ ]


Aluminium and its alloys have continued to maintain their mark as the matrix material most in demand for the development of Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs). This is primarily due to the broad spectrum of unique properties it offers at relatively low processing cost [1-5]. Some of the attractive property combinations of Al based matrix composites are: high specific stiffness and strength, better high temperature properties (in comparison with its monolithic alloy), thermal conductivity, and low thermal expansion. The project is associated with the study of Fracture Toughness of Aluminium, Zirconium Silicate and Silicon Carbide Metal Matrix Composite (MMC)[6-12]. Aluminium alloy of grade 7075 with addition of varying weight percentage composition of Zirconium Silicate and Silicon Carbide particles by stir casting technique was developed[13-15]. Finite element (FE) simulations for the proposed SENB geometry was carried out using ANSYS software package (v12) to investigate stress distribution around the notch and to validate the experimental results.

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Comparative Study of Corrosion Inhibition Capacities of Seroquel and Clotrimazole Drug Intermediates on Zinc Metal Surface in Acidic Corrosive Medium.[ ]


Corrosion inhibition capacities of two drug intermediates, seroquel and clotrimazole on zinc surface were compared. The comparison was done using the data obtained by experimental methods like mass loss, EIS and Tafel polarization. The metal surface was examined by SEM studies. The results obtained by the three experimental methods were in good agreement in case of both the drug intermediates. The seroquel was found to follow Temkin adsorption isotherm and its corrosion inhibition property was found to be very good in case of higher temperature. The clotrimazole followed Langmuirs’ adsorption isotherm and it showed an excellent corrosion inhibition at ambient temperature. Both the drug intermediates mitigate corrosion by mixed type of inhibition mechanism involving both physical and chemical adsorption on the zinc metal surface. Further SEM micrographs confirmed the effectiveness of both the drug intermediates in controlling the rate of zinc corrosion.

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Mechanical property assessment of Sisal and Roselle epoxy hybrid Composites[ ]


Over the past few decades natural fiber reinforced epoxy composites have become a viable option to create a sustainable environment owing to their superior properties like high strength to weight ratio, good mechanical and insulating properties, excellent resistant to corrosion and creep, biodegradability that enables them for use in construction of building, automotive and aerospace industries, internal and external fixation on human body, packing material. Natural fibers like Roselle and Sisal offer certain benefits like reduction in CO2, weight and cost, less dependence on foreign oil sources. Fabrication of this hybrid composite is done by using the mentioned natural fibers, reinforced with epoxy resin and Hardener along with filler, fly ash (~5% to strengthen the hybrid composite) by hand lay-up. Different weight fractions of reinforcement were considered (25%, 45%, and 65%) to assess the best composition. Tests like tensile and bending/flexural were carried out to assess their mechanical and physical properties. The reinforcing fibers were treated chemically with 8% NaOH to decrease the fiber density and increase the surface roughness. In addition to all these, Sisal-Roselle production systems are energy efficient and are associated with low equipment wear. As these fibers can be cultivated in huge volume, the farmers get benefited out of it if demand increases, certainly these crops will occupy commercial position.

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Investigating the Effects of Stiffeners on Structural Performance of Aircraft Pressure Bulkhead[ ]


Air vehicles flies at high altitude of about 35000 – 40000 feet from the earth’s level. The air pressure at these level is very less when compared to earth’s atmospheric pressure. Hence, it is required to maintain the earth’s atmospheric pressure level inside the fuselage of an air vehicle (airplane). The frontend and rear end of the fuselage are enclosed by pressure bulkheads; it keeps the required air pressure inside the fuselage. Pressure bulkhead is one of the important structures and is used in every aircrafts to prevent the pressurized air leakage inside the fuselage. The present investigation focused on the effects of stiffeners on structural performance of fuselage pressure bulkhead of the sky-span dragon aero plane due to the pressurization from 6 psi to 9 psi. Modelling and finite element analysis is carried out to determine the effect of different types of stiffeners used in pressure bulkhead of air vehicles like riveted pressure bulkhead and integrated radial pressure bulkhead. The results reveal that, the stiffener does have a significant influence on the load carrying capability of pressure bulkhead. Further, the deflection and stress levels are considerably reduced in the case of pressure bulkhead with integrated radial stiffening grids. The safety pressure level inside the fuselage of an air vehicle is attributed to the stiffening grids used in pressure bulkhead.

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Statistical Analysis of Ultimate Tensile Strength of Grain Refined and Modified Al-Si Alloys (LM-25, LM-6 and LM-30) Using ANOVA [ ]


The fact that Aluminium is used in all sectors of engineering and manufacturing is undisputable. The addition of grain refiners and modifiers to the commercially available aluminium silicon alloys improves the mechanical properties of these alloys and provides technical and economic advantages. Commercially available Al - Si alloys LM25 (hypoeutectic ? 12% Si), LM6 (eutectic 12% Si) and LM30 (hypereutectic >12% Si) are grain refined with 0.2%Al-5Ti-1B, 1%Al-3B and modified with 0.3%Al-10Sr master alloys. The Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) of these samples is analysed statistically using ANOVA, to predict the percentage contribution of the independent variables on dependent variable. Al, Si, Grain refiner, Peak load and elongation are the process parameters selected for performing ANOVA for UTS. The analysis concludes that Si content and the peak load has maximum significance.

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Sliding Wear Behavior of CSPE Composites Using Taguchi and Neural Network Approach[ ]


Coconut shell particle reinforced epoxy (CSPE) composite has been developed and the effect of particle volume fraction on dry sliding wear behavior of the developed composite was investigated using Taguchi and Neural Network Approach. Planning of experiments was based on L27 orthogonal array with four control parameters namely, sliding velocity (3, 4 & 5 m/s), normal load (20, 40 & 60 N), particle volume fractions (40, 50 & 60 %) and sliding distance (1500, 1800 & 2100 m) at three different levels. Regression equation relating the control parameters and wear rate was established by analysis of variance and is validated by confirmation experiments. FFB Neural network tool in MATLAB was also used to predict the dependence of wear rate on selected control factors beyond the experimentation. The predicted results are found to be in good agreement with the results of Taguchi experiments. The tests confirmed that coconut shell particles (0.25mm size) reinforced epoxy composite with 40% particle volume fraction exhibited better wear resistance. Worn surface morphology of CSPE composites was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

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Structural Analysis of Stiffening-Grid-Structures of Pressure Bulkhead by Finite Element Method[ ]


The air pressure at high altitude of earth’s atmosphere is very less when compared to earth’s atmospheric pressure. In the case of air vehicles (airplane), it is required to maintain the earth’s atmospheric pressure inside the fuselage. The frontend and rear end of the fuselage of an air vehicle are enclosed by pressure bulkheads. Pressure bulkhead is one of the important aircraft structures and is used to prevent the pressurized air leakage inside the fuselage. However, the structural performance of pressure bulkhead is significantly influenced by its stiffness. It is one of the challenging tasks to maintain the desired stiffness of the pressure bulk head during its design. Hence, the present work is focused on the structural analysis of stiffening-grid-structures of pressure bulkhead by finite element method. The structural performance of stiffening-grid-structures integrated pressure bulk head is analyzed due to the pressurization from 6 psi to 9 psi. The results reveal that, the stiffening-grid-structure does have a significant influence on the structural performance of pressure bulkhead. Due to the integration of stiffening-grid-structure, the magnitude of deformations and stresses are considerably reduced in the pressure bulkhead. This in turn highlights the potentials of using stiffening-grid-structure in the pressure bulkhead of air vehicles.

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Performance Analysis of Diesel Engine Using Jaggery Based Bioethanol-Diesel Blend[ ]


Since the sources of fossil fuels are depleting, it has become essential to find a replacement for it. One such replacement found was biofuel which can be produced by naturally available substances like oil and fat. Like biofuel the alcohol is also a suitable replacement for the petroleum. Biofuel or ethanol can be mixed with the petroleum products to run an engine without modifying it. Bioethanol can be produced in different methods, one of the methods is from jaggery by fermentation process. Performance test conducted by using diesel and 10% ethanol blend have shown better performance characteristics. So, this paper concentrates mainly on production of bioethanol using jaggery and conducting performance test on the diesel engine using the bioethanol and diesel blends. This study targets comparing the performance parameters of the engine for pure diesel and for 5%, 10% and 15% bioethanol blends. The parameters considered for study are thermal efficiency, brake power and specific fuel consumption.

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Critical Parameters for Mimicking Manual Decortications of Pongamia Oil Seed[ ]


Renewable energy source is one of the potential energy sources to cater to the energy demand in future. The use of this source ensures the energy sustainability and environmental protection. Many non-edible oil seeds offer the opportunity to forestation, rural employment and energy security. However there is a technology barrier to harness it efficiently in the large scale. The existing drawbacks in harnessing bio-fuel from non-edible oil seeds are its collection, decortications and efficient technology to get higher yield of fuel at lesser cost and time. In this context, the present research work proposes an efficient method of decortications in which tedious manual approach is replaced with a mechanical system which utilizes a decision making module to decorticate the oil seed pod mechanically. The work entails the study of manual decortications process with judgment on force to be applied in order to extract an intact seed from the pod. This has been achieved with the use of a programmable electronic circuit to control the mechanical linkages such that the appropriate force is applied as done in the manual method but at higher speed and eliminating human fatigue. An intelligent decorticator is fabricated and tested for its performance. The results are promising that the similar approach may be used to decorticate any type of oil-seed to harness bio-fuel at faster rate in lesser time economically.

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Design and Development through Quality Management System – An Empirical Study Conducted in 385 Companies in Ten Countries[ ]


An empirical research study was conducted to determine the conformance to the Design and Development criteria of the Quality Management System among 385 organizations in ten countries. This kind of evidence based cross country meta-analysis is meager and hence an attempt has been made to fulfill this gap. This Research Study is predominantly based on Primary Data collected by auditing 385 organizations spending 577 Mandays onsite by Interviewing, Observation and verifying Documented information. If majority of the engineering firms adopt the requirements of Design and Deveopment as far as resanably practicable then producing world class products by MSME would not be impossible.

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Analysis and Optimization of Erosive Wear of Al 6113 Age- hardened Alloy: Taguchi and Desirability Function Approach[ ]


Erosion is a commonly encountered problem in various industrial (such as chemical, cement, thermal power plants, mining and mineral processing) parts, wherein the parts undergo progressive loss of material due to mechanical and chemical interactions among the solid surface and a fluid. Speed, height, and duration are the critical parameters influence the erosive wear (EW). Taguchi L27 orthogonal array experiments were conducted to study the parameters that influence on erosive wear of specimen located at three different angles (0o, 45o and 90o). Age-hardened Al 6113 alloy specimen was prepared according to ASTM G67 standard and examined the EW. Experiments are carried out in a rotating slurry (5% HCL+ 20% Al2O3 + H2O) tank with a specimen located at three different angles. Impact speed found to have maximum contribution followed by scissor jack height and time. Note that, scissor jack height and time found to have linear relationship with EW. The EW was expressed as a mathematical function of input variables (impact speed, scissor jack height and time). The EW models developed for all specimens mounted at different angles resulted with better correlation coefficient with a value greater than 0.9. Desirability function approach (DFA) estimated optimal input variables set resulted with a minimum value of erosive wear equal to 0.5258 gm, when the specimen located at an angle 900. Furthermore, multi-objective optimization was carried out to estimate the single set of input variables towards minimum EW for all specimens mounted at different angles.

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