ICMABR 2018- International Conference on Molecular Advances in Bio-medical Research

"ICMABR-2018 Conference Papers "

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Salivary Metabolomics screening of putative biomarkers during early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease[ ]


Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) imparts an increased prospect of rising Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to determine the utility of odor identification as an additional screening test in early onset of AD pathology using Sniffin' Sticks Odor Identification Test. There is high interest in the discovery of early diagnostic metabolomic biomarkers in saliva that could predict demographically MC Impairment toward AD progression. The present study is to determine metabolic variation in acetylcholine and esterase activities within saliva samples by assessment the MCI subjects and age-matched AD subjects acquire multivariate analyses the mean value of acetyl cholinesterase is 0.24mmol/L which is lower in AD type dementia patients (p value express ≤0.001% significant) and receiver operating characteristic analysis shows the sensitivity (94.8%) and specificity (96.6%) in salivary acetyl cholinesterase substantiate the potential diagnosis for Alzheimer’s disease.

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Phytochemical screening and GC-MS analysis of ethanol extract of polyherbal drug[ ]


The present study focused on a traditionally used polyherbal drug (mixture of Andrographis paniculata, Andrographis alata, Adhatoda zeylanica, Gymnema sylvestre, Syzygium cumini and Justicia glabra) by tribal healers of Kolli hills, and given to diabetic patient to treat diabetes mellitus. The polyherbal drug was extracted using ethanol and the preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, protein, carbohydrate, saponin, phenols, sterols, and fatty acid. And the extract was subjected to GC- MS analysis, the results revealed the presence of 12 bioactive compounds, and these compounds are recommended to treat antidiabetic activity

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Oxidative stress biomarkers in serum of patients with PCOS[ ]


Oxidative stress (OS) is measured as a potential inducing part in the detection of PCOS, which is one of the most universal multifarious endocrine disorders and a foremost cause of aridity, distressing approximately 12% of women in the humankind, as OS has close relations with PCOS characteristics, just as insulin resistance (IR), hyperandrogenemia, and never-ending annoyance. It has also been shown that DNA alteration with relocate stimulate by OS are implicated in tumor pathogenesis, tumor cell survival, proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis Furthermore, present study prove that the females with PCOS are tale to have an rising threat of cancers, when there is Lipid peroxidation (42.45 mg/dl) and Uric acid analytes show highly significant in Polycystic ovarian syndrome patients P≤0.05 and 0.01. As a result, the more severe OS in PCOS is regarded as an important prospective spur for the increase risk of cancers, and this study aims to investigate the probability and latent pathogenic mechanism of the exceeding development, providing perceptive belief and evidence for preventing the cancer potentially caused as a result of PCOS.

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In vitro Anticancer Activity of Pisum sativum Seed against Breast Cancer Cell Line (MCF-7)[ ]


The present study investigated the presence of secondary metabolites in the ethylacetate extract of Pisum sativum seeds and their cytotoxic effects against MCF-7 cell lines. P. sativum is commonly known as green pea comes under Family Fabaceae. The plant has been shown to possess many biological activities including anticancer properties among others. The phytochemical analysis was carried out following standard procedures and GC-MS studies. The cytotoxic activity of the ethylacetate extract was assessed against human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell lines by using the MTT assay. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, steroids, tannins, and terpenoids. The maximum percentage of growth inhibition value obtained was 79.1± 3.93% at 3mg/ml concentration. Thus it is concluded that the P. sativum seeds possesses anticancer activity. The anticancer effects of the ethylacetate extract of P. sativum seed may be related to their content of secondary metabolites. This study validates the traditional use of the plant in the management of cancer.

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Survey of helminth infections in Sheep (Ovis aries. L 1758) at Puthanampatti area of Trichy district, Tamilnadu, [ ]


A survey was carried out on helminth infections of sheep in Puthanampatti village (N11o 03.845’; E078o 41.007’) between December 2016 and April 2017. The result revealed that eight types of helminth eggs were identified, viz., Strongyle sp., Strongyloides sp. Ancyclostoma sp., Ascaris sp, Taenia sp, Trichuris sp, Diphyllo bothriurp, and Ostertagia circumcincta. The number of Strongyle eggs increased significantly with increased age of the sheep. The adult male and adult female of sheep showed 100% infection of various endoparasites. As evidenced by the results, the most frequent nematode species such as Ascaris sp. (32.29%) and Strongyle sp (29.96%). Strongyloides sp. (12.06%) was moderately frequented. Ancylostoma sp. (2.33%) and Trichuris sp. (1.55%) were frequented low. Five helminth species were recovered from the adult male viz., Strongyloides sp., Strongyle sp., Ascaris sp., Taenia sp. and Ostertagia circumcincta. In the case of adult female 8 species of endoparasites were recorded viz., Strongyloides sp., Ancylstoma sp., Strongyle sp., Ascaris sp., Taenia sp. Diphyllo bothriurp and Ostertagia circumcincta.

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In Silico Docking of Dibutyl Phthalate Isolated from Ventilago maderaspatana for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus[ ]


In the present study, molecular docking of ligand dibutyl phthalate was performed by autodock ver. 4.0 with diabetic targets such as insulin receptor tyrosine kinase, glucokinase and aldose reductase. The ligand, dibutyl phthalate effectively bound with the three targets viz.,, insulin receptor tyrosine kinase, glucokinase and aldose reductase. Target insulin receptor tyrosine kinase showed the minimum binding energy (-8.46 kcal/mol) at tenth run with RMSD value of 67.98 compared to glucokinase (-6.51 kcal/mol at eighth run) and aldose reductase (-7.28 kcal/mol at sixth run). Thus, the bioactive compound dibutyl phthalate may be used as the drug candidate for the treatment of diabetes mellitus after clinical validation.

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Effect of Environmental Volatility on Health Status of Poultry Birds With Special Reference To Egg Production[ ]


Environmental volatility chiefly influences health status of hens in the poultry farms and this results in disturbances of egg production in many ways. The ideal temperature for a hen is 18-240 C. The heat stress is an important environmental challenge which the emerging poultry industry faces. The feed intake is decreased due to heat stress. The egg production is decreased by increasing heat stress and it leads to increasing breakage of eggs which resulting from poor shell thickness. On the other hand, cool climate also affect the hens’ health status and hens are exposed to several diseases.

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Phytochemical Screening, GC-MS Analysis and Toxicity Evaluation of Polyherbal Drug[ ]


The polyherbal drug of six medicinal plants (mixture of Andrographis paniculata, Andrographis alata, Adhatoda zeylanica, Gymnema sylvestre, Syzygium cumini and Justicia glabra) were given by tribal healers of Kolli hills to treat diabetes mellitus. In this study, the polyherbal drug was extracted using chloroform. The phytochemicals of the chloroform extract of polyherbal drug was separated and identified. The phytochemical screening and analysis of the chloroform extract of the polyherbal drug showed the occurrence of the phytochemical compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrate, glycosides, triterpenoids, emodins and fatty acids, and among those five bioactive compounds recommended as therapeutic activity. Toxicity of chloroform extract of polyherbal drug was studied by the administration of a daily dose of 125, 250 and 500mg/kg of body weight. All doses of polyherbal drug extracts showed no behavior changes of rats and mortality. Further, they showed no significant alteration in the hematological profile and all doses of extract did not cause any toxic oriented effect.

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Post-Implantation changes in the uterus of rats: Response to Thespesia populnea bark extracts[ ]


The isolated pure principles from successive extracts of Ethanol, Ethylacetate and Aqueous extract of Thespesia populnea L (bark) has been studied on post-implantation stages of the uterus of rats so as to elucidate its antifertility mode of action. The crude extracts were tested for possible antiimplantation activity in wistar albino rats of normal proestrus cycle after overnight cohabitation with males of proven fertility. The day when spermatozoa were detected in vaginal smear was treated as 1st day to 7th day of pregnancy at the dose level of 14.3mg/kg/b.wt/day. On the 8th day, the rats were laprotomized under light anesthesia and the numbers of implantation sites and corpora lutea were noted. The biochemical estimation results showed that successive increase in the Acid phosphate, Alkaline phosphate level (One way ANOVA; p<0.005) and the decrease in protein and cholesterol level (One way ANOVA; p<0.0.05). The aqueous extract of T. populnea was administered there was a significant reduction in all these biochemical constituents except ACP level when compared to their respective control groups. The role of these biochemical transformations has been discussed in relation to anti-implantation action of the extract. The results, it is concluded that all extracts of T. populnea bark exhibited female antifertility activity by reducing implants. It was found that aqueous extract and ethyl acetate extract of T. populnea bark were more effective than the ethanol extract.

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Chemical Composition and Anti-Mosquito Potential of Catharanthus roseus Leaves Extract Against Larvae of Aedes Aegypti [ ]


The primary aim of this study was to screen non-toxic and easily available mosquito control biodegradable agent of botanical origin. Catharanthus roseus has been reported for various pharmaceutical properties for treating many ailments in Ayurveda. The ethanol leaf extract of the Catharanthus roseus possessed a significantly higher larvicidal activity against the 3rd instar larvae of Aedes aegypti than that of other extracts, with LC50 values of 157.8 ppm, respectively. The phytochemical screening and identification of phyto-compounds present in the ethanolic extract of Catharanthus roseus leaves using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed various phytocompounds. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the ethanolic leaf extract of Catharanthus roseus showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, tannin, protein and steroid. GC-MS chromatogram of the ethanolic leaf extract of Catharanthus roseus showed 15 peaks indicating the presence of 15 compounds. GC-MS analysis revealed that the presence of Dodecanedioic acid, Bis (Trimethylsilyl) ester (RT: 17.299), Methyl-19-methyl-Eicosanate (RT: 18.140), N-Hexadecanoic acid (RT: 18.575), (1S,15S)-Bicyclo (RT: 13.1.0) Hexadecan-2-one (RT: 19.600), Methyl 7,11,14 Eicosatrienoate (RT: 19.665), Alpha-Linolenic acid, trimethylsilyl ester (RT: 20.371), 1-Methylene, 2B-hydroxymerthyl-3, 3-Dimethyl-4B-(3-methylbut-2-ethyl)-cyclohexane (RT: 20.441), Alpha linolenic acid, trimethylsilyl ester (RT: 20.601), Alpha linolenic acid, trimethylsilyl ester (RT: 21.026), Hentriacontane (RT: 22.191), Sulfurous acid, octadecyl 2-Propyl ester (RT: 22.972), Sulfurous acid, butyl tridecyl ester (RT: 23.702), Vitamin E (RT: 26.783), Octasiloxane,1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7,9,9,11,11,13,13,15,15-hexadecamethyl (RT:30.360), Cyclotrisiloxane, Hexamethyl (RT: 30.665). Among all the identified compounds, Hentriacontane possesses insecticidal, anti-candidal, anti-fungal and anti-inflammatory activities. Thus, ethanol leaf extract of the Catharanthus roseus possesses various potent bioactive compounds and can be used as potent natural mosquito larvicidal. Further studies are required for exploring its pharmaceutical properties.

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Activity Concentration of Polonium-210 in Different Aquatic System Fishes, Tamil Nadu[ ]


This paper presents the distribution of 210Po in the two ecosystems namely Koriayarriver (Trichy) and Athengarai estuary (Palk strait) of River Vaigai. The measurements were made on the210Po levels of muscle and bone of selected fishes collected from different ecosystem. Analyses of the results indicate that a muscle trend to accumulate 210Po activity was higher level as compared to bone. The 210Po activity in the fish muscle fell within the range of 10.52 to 45.3Bq Kg− 1in KoriayarRiver and 20.8 to 181.9Bq Kg− 1inAthengarai estuary. The Significance the results are discussed.

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Seasonal study on the Physical, Chemical and Biological characteristics of River Cauvery, Tiruchirappalli District, Tamilnadu, India[ ]


The present investigation was carried out to determine the seasonal variations of physico-chemical parameters of certain important man made reservoirs of River Cauvery at Tiruchirappalli District, Tamilnadu during August 2012 to July 2013. The study was made during three seasons namely Monsoon (M) [August to November], Postmonsoon (PM) [December to March] and Premonsoon (PRM) [April to July]. The study revealed the status of physical and chemical parameters of River Cauvery at five different stations (from Mayanur to Grand Anicut). The physical parameters examined were temperature, turbidity, electrical conductivity and pH. The chemical parameters studied were carbonate, bicarbonate, nitrate, phosphate, silicate, salinity, chloride, sulphate, magnesium, sodium, potassium, calcium, ammonia, dissolved oxygen, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand and the Total Dissolved Solids. The biological parameters involved were phytoplankton and zooplankton density. The results obtained for the water parameters were subjected to statistical analysis which revealed that most of the parameters showed significant changes in the concentration. The models produced by different statistical analysis have shown that the limnological variables such as Temperature, Turbidity, pH, Bicarbonate, Nitrate, Phosphate, Salinity, Chloride, Sulphate, Ammonia, DO, BOD, COD and TDS were the prime factors that determined the quality of water in all five different stations. The physico-chemical characteristics of water largely determined the faunal life of these five study stations of River Cauvery.

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Assessment of Well Water Quality in Koraikuppam Village, Tiruvallur District[ ]


The Koraikuppam village people using well water for their drinking and other purpose. The present study was analysed the physical and chemical parameters of the well water sample and compare with Cavuery river water. Parameters that may be tested include Temperature, pH, Electrical Conductivity, Dissolved Oxygen, Salinity, Carbonate, Bicarbonate, Chloride, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium and Potassium. The Salinity of the well water value was 24.39ppt, pH 8.29, Dissolved oxygen concentration was 4.83mg/L, EC 5.0dsm-1, bicarbonate 616.1mg/L, Choride1396.5 mg/L, Calcium 184.0mg/L, Magnesium 147.6mg/L, Sodium 503.7mg/L and Potassium 257.4mg/L. The Koraikuppam village well water quality values were compared with Cauvery River water, the values were higher than the Cauvery River water and standards, so the well water is not suitable for drinking purpose.

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Antidiabetic Potential of Biophytum Sensitivum Whole Plant Extracts in STZ Induced Diabetic Rats[ ]


Antidiabetic effect of three different extracts (Aqueous, Ethanol and Ethyl acetate) of Biophytum sensitivum on streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats was studied. Oral administration of aqueous, ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of B. sensitivum to diabetic rats at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight resulted in a significant reduction in blood glucose in STZ induced diabetic rats at different treatment period (0th day and 45th day). B. sensitivum extracts treated diabetic rats were significantly recovered from diabetic condition such as, polyphagia, poly urea and hypoglycemia. B. sensitivum treatment decreased the blood glucose and Glycosylated hemoglobin level, and increased serum insulin level. Present study reveals that the B. sensitivum may be used for the treatment of diabetes and its related complications.

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Phylogenetic Analysis of Freshwater Mussel (Bivalvia: Unionoida)[ ]


Phylogenetics is the study of evolutionary relatedness amongst organisms. The genetic relationships between species can be represented using phylogenetic trees. Studies of the phylogeny of organisms can help explain the similarities and differences among species. There are various techniques used to create phylogenetic trees and most of them rely on aligned genetic sequences to perform this task. Probably the most popular genetic sequence alignment algorithm is ClustalW. The freshwater mussel family Unionidae is one of the largest families in the Bivalvia and includes over 670 species. The present study was carried out for the construction of phylogenetic tree and to evaluate the relationship among the four groups. The mitochondrial COI gene of the different species of Lamellidens, Parreysia corrugata and Musculium indicum was retrieved from GeneBank. Multiple sequence alignment and Phylogenetic tree construction was done by using online software ClustalW. The sequences were converted to FASTA format. From the result of phylogenetic analysis L. marginalis and L. consorbrinus were closely related species and, L. marginalis and Musculium indicum were distantly related species. From the study it is concluded that all the four species of bivalvia confirmed their relationship among them.

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Collection and Data-Mining of Bioactive Compounds With Cancer Treatment Properties In The Plants of Rutaceae Family[ ]


The traditional medicinal plants are used for treating various diseases including cancer because of their non toxic effect of normal cells and cytotoxic effect on cancer cells. Plant derived compounds have been used in treatment of cancer for many years. India has vast number of herbal plants, in which ayurvedics system of medicine has developed rapidly and enlightens the field of medicine. Currently compounds from medicinal plants have become the important source of drug discovery in research for treating many forms of diseases including cancer. In this research data were emphasized to explore the phytocompounds from medicinal plants with potent anticancer activity.

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