ICANAS 2018: International conference on Advances in Natural and Applied Science

"ICANAS-2018 Conference Papers "

Pages   [1]
Radiation Parameters for Some TLD Materials in the Energy Range 0.015-15 MeV[ ]


The mass energy absorption coefficients ( ) and kerma relative to air have been calculated for some TLD materials (MgSO4, Mg2SiO4, NaSO4 and Na4P2O7) in the energy region 0.015-15 MeV. Also, the energy absorption buildup factors (EABF) have been determined for penetration depth of 40 mean free paths (mfp). The five parameter geometric progression (G-P) fitting approximation has been used for buildup factors. It is observed that the mass energy absorption coefficients and kerma relative to air depend on the photon energy and chemical content. The materials with least equivalent atomic number possess the maximum value of EABF. Also, the energy absorption build up factors are found the highest in intermediate energy whereas the lowest in low- as well as high energies.

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Determination of Mass Attenuation Coefficients on Boric Acid Injected Liver of Male Rats[ ]


Ionizing radiation causes irreversible molecular changes (i.e. damage) to the tissues. Damage is caused by direct ionization or reactions of hydroxyl free radicals (•OH) from water radiolysis. Boric acid (BA) having antimicrobial and free radical scavenging activity. BA is able to strengthen the tissue antioxidant and radiation defenses via a yet unidentified mechanism that may involve changes in oxidative metabolism. In this work, the linear radiation attenuation coefficients of normal, malignant and boric acid injected malignant rat liver tissues have been measured at 59.54 keV photons emitted from Am-241-point source by using Si(Li) detector.

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Effect of X- Rays and ɣ Radiation on the Optical and Structural Properties of vanadium Oxide Thin Film[ ]


In this study, the aim is determination of the changes that occurred in the structural and optical properties of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) thin films which deposited with spray pyrolysis coating method, as a result of exposure to ionizing radiation. Firstly, the films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) and UV-vis spectrophotometries. In order to irradiate the thin films, x- rays and 59.54 keV gamma-rays emitted from 100 mCi, 5 Ci Am241 radioactive sources were used.

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The Effects of Gamma Radiation On Structural and Surface Properties of ZnO Thin Films Deposited On n-Si Substrate[ ]


In this research, we have investigated the structural and surface properties of ZnO thin films before and after 60Co gamma (γ)-ray source irradiation with the total dose range of 0-500 kGy at room temperature. The effects of gamma radiation on structural and surface properties of thin films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) methods.

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A Study of Graphene Obtained by PECVD Technique Depending on RF Power[ ]


The advantage of plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) exhibits to grow graphene films at relatively low growth temperature, which is nearly 350 °C lower than that for graphene synthesis using thermal CVD. In this work, we have successfully synthesis graphene on FTO substrate at relatively low temperature and try to optimize the synthesis conditions by adjusting the RF power. Low temperature growth of graphene was optimized at 500°C and by varying plasma powers in the range of 60 - 80 W. The graphene samples were characterized by Raman Spectroscopic Mapping, Atomic Force Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy.

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Numerical Study of Heat Transfer Enhancement with Al2O3/Water Nanofluid[ ]


The purpose of this paper is to identify the suitable formulation of the viscosity of laminar forced convection of Al2O3 nanofluid through a horizontal circular tube. Four different viscosity models are tested. This paper included thermal behavior for fully developed laminar flow regime in forced convection heat transfer of Al2O3 nanoparticle dispersed in water as a base fluid, flowing through a horizontal circular tube under constant heat flux boundary condition at wall. In this investigation, the effects of parameters, such as nanoparticles diameter, nanoparticle volume fraction , and Reynolds number on the enhancement of nanofluid heat transfer have been considered in order to study the behavior of the system in terms of, heat transfer coefficient and temperature field.

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Melting of Phase Change Materials (NPCMs) in Trapezoidal Cavity[ ]


The present study aims to analyze solidification of nanoparticles-enhanced phase-change materials (NPCM) in trapezoidal cavity at two different orientations, using enthalpy-porosity method. The horizontal walls of the cavities are insulated while side walls are maintained at constant temperatures. The paraffin wax is used as the phase change material (PCM) and graphene as the nanomaterial. The study is governed by tracing the melting front at various times for PCM and NPCM. In addition, the evolution of stramlines and isotherms is presented at different temperature differences. It was observed that adding nanoparticles does not enhance themelting. However, higher melting is attained by changing the orientation of the cavity.

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Self-Sustained Oscillation of a Turbulent Jet Flow in Hot Cavity[ ]


Computations of heat transfer and fluid flow of an isothermal two-dimensional jet flowing into a rectangular hot cavity are reported in this paper. Both velocity and temperature distributions are predicted by solving the two-dimensional Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) equations. This approach is based on one point statistical turbulence modeling using the energy - specific dissipation (k-w) model.

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Some Features of Refractory Bricks Made of Mut (Mersin) and Meram (Konya) Magnesites[ ]


The cost, resistance and quality of the industrial bricks are getting more and more important as the modern societies becoming more industrialized. The magnesite (as well as other components) is one of the most distinguished components in refractory bricks. Since it is give more resistance against temperature and external forces during many industrial products, such as steel. In this study we correlated two types of bricks: (1) The bricks essentially made of magnesites of Mut, and (2) Meram magnesites. The refractory bricks of Meram magnesites have 12.09 KN point load index test while the bricks of Mut magnesites have 13.69 KN point load index test. On the other hand the indirect tensile (Brazilian) test results are 18.53 KN and 22.01 KN for Meram and Mut respectively. These results reveal that the refractory bricks of Mut magnesites are much more resistance than the bricks of Meram magnesites.

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Comparison of Performance of Diamond Wires in Marble Cutting[ ]


The diamond wire cutting method is an indispensable production method for marble industry in mines and factories. The performance of the method is vital for continuous profitable working. In this study, we examined different brand of diamond bead wires with same machines and more or less same type marble blocks in the same quarry.

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Quality Improvement for Resistance Spot Welded AHSS Steels by Using Taguchi Method[ ]


In this study, TRIP800-DP600 steel sheets in equal thickness which are members of advanced high strength steel (AHSS) group are joined with the resistance spot weld in various welding parameters for optimization of the strength of the weldment by the Taguchi method. For this purpose, Taguchi experimental design method and L9 orthogonal array was chosen. The experimental study was conducted under varying welding currents, welding times and electrode forces for joining DP600-TRIP800 dissimilar steel. Evaluations were made by taking the average of the data obtained by tensile shear test applied to welded joints. According to the analysis results, the welding time is determined as the most important welding parameters for the resistance spot welded TRIP800-DP600 dissimilar steels in equal sheet thickness. The welding parameter giving the highest strength by the Taguchi method was also determined. Optimum welding parameters specified by the Taqucchi method yielded the best strength in the experimental work.

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Factors Affecting the Production of Biogas[ ]


Biogas is environmentally friendly, relatively cheap and a renewable energy source which occurs as a result of anaerobic fer-mentation of wastes and organic wastes. Temperature has a very large impact on biological systems. The metabolic activities of methane bacteria changes in regard to carbon / nitrogen so this ratio is important in producing biogas. The C / N ratio should be less than 10/1 or more than 23/1.

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Case Study for Solar-Powered Large-Scale Pumping Irrigation Project; Baskil Coastal Villages Irrigation Project[ ]


The idea of solar energy to be used for pumping in agricultural projects is widespread in all world geography. Rapid developments in the growth level of countries and the agriculture-based industry facilitate the use of solar energy in pumping systems. Because solar panels require the sun to produce energy. When agricultural irrigation is needed, there is plenty of sunshine in the summer, especially in the months. In these months, while growing the plants with solar energy, it will also provide electricity for pumping to meet the need for irrigation to agricultural lands in higher jeans.

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Potential of Medical Herbal Products to be Used in Aquaculture[ ]


The use of antibiotics as feed additives were limited in the European union member countries in 1998 with concerns that they may cause bacterial resistance and threat human health through residues in animal products. In 2006, these additives were completely banned. As a result, natural growth factors such as probiotic, organic acid, prebiotic and enzymes started to be used to replace antibiotics. In addition, medical plants, spices and essential oils of medical plants that are produced through the water distillation became alternatives to antibiotics.

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Lignocellulosic Bioethanol-Producing Fusarium Isolates from the Eastern Anatolia[ ]


Bioethanol with its unique features has been considered as one of the best alternatives to liquid fossil fuels mainly used for transportation on roads and seas. On the other hand, the use of food-based raw materials in the production of first-generation bioethanol significantly limits its use as fuel. This undesired situation forced research efforts on development of second-generation production technologies where bioethanol is also produced from sustainable feedstock but, in this case, these feedstocks are not normall y used for human or animal consumption. In this regard, lignocellulosic biomass as non-food raw material and ethanol-producing fungi as fermentative agents are commonly accepted as the most promising components for development of new biofuel sources. In this frame, the present work was conducted to isolate ethanol-producing fungal strains from decaying lignocellulosic materials and identify active ones by using molecular techniques. Decaying woody materials were collected from the forests in Erzurum and aseptically transferred to the laboratory. Purification of isolates was done according to general procedures. Ethanol production capability of each isolate was determined by the cultivation in modified BMC media and ethanol levels were determined by gas chromatography method. Molecular identific ation of the ethanol-producing isolates was done by using PCR with universal ITS primers, sequencing of amplicons and the BLAST analysis on NCBI database. According to the results, 4 active strains (MG35, MG43, MG58 and MG62) were determined and they produced bioethanol at 5.35 g/L, 1.36 g/L, 6.92 g/L and 2.48 g/L concentrations in modified BMC media for 5 days of the fermentation process, respectively. Finally, they were identified as Fusarium solani (MG35), F. oxysporum (MG43), F. verticillioides (MG58) and Fusarium sp. (MG62). As a consequence of these results, it can be concluded that 4 wild-type bioethanol-producing Fusarium strains isolated from local areas of Turkey and they may be useful for the development of new approaches for the fuel industry in the near future.

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The Effect of Atmospheric Optical Phenomena Photographed by Students on Learning Motivation[ ]


The atmospheric optical phenomena (mirages, rainbows, halos, blue sky, sunset...) that we can observe in everyday life are very interesting for stimulating the students’ curiosity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of atmospheric optical phenomena photographed by university students’ on their learning motivation in geometrical optics (GO).

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Comparing Biclustering Algorithms: A Simulation Study[ ]


Biclustering is a data mining technique that simultaneously apply clustering to both of rows and columns of a matrix that represents a data set to detect local patterns in the data. Biclustering methods are developed originally to analyze gene expression data or any data that can be presented as a matrix. For this purpose, many biclustering algorithms have been introduced in the literature. However, efforts to compare the performance of these algorithms are limited.

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Structural Properties of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites[ ]


In this work, Al/Al chips-CNT composites were fabricated using powder metallurgy route involving mechanical ball milling, cold pressing and subsequently hot extrusion process without sintering step. Ball milled Al chips-CNTs with fixed amount of Al chips were used for homogenious distrubition. After preparing the Al chips coated CNTs, they were mixed with different amounts of Al powders in the range of 25-75 wt%. Structural properties of these Al/Al chips-CNT composites were evaluated.

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Potential Application of Y-tip Graphitic Nanoribbons to Gas Sensing [ ]


In this paper, we report the application of Graphitic Nanoribbons (GNR) as gas sensor. Bulk Y-tip GNR was directly synthesized using Alcohol Catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition (ACCVD) on a sensing platform which consists of gallium orthophosphate, platinum and zirconium.

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Isolation of PGPR strains with phosphate solubilizing activity from Erzurum and Their Molecular Evaluation by Using Newly Designed Specific primer for pqqB Gene[ ]


Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have ability to colonize plant roots and increase plant growth by wide range of mechanisms. These mechanisms include biological nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, production of 1-Aminocyloproporane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACC) and phytohormones. The phosphate solubilization is one of the most valuable potential for the usage of agricultural fields as a eco-friendly fertilizers. In this context, there are various studies for the correct selection of phosphate solubilization strains with conventional methods.

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Improving Heavy Concrete Shielding Materials against Fast Neutron Radiation Leaks with Experimental and Monte Carlo Simulation (Geant4) Code[ ]


Biological shielding of nuclear reactor and diminishing the intricacy and cost of these installations are important interests in physic. In this study, we used galena minerals and barite for production of a hybrid fiber heavyweight aggregate concrete. Barite is an important chemical element for neutron absorption processes and galena minerals exist in many parts of world which was used in the concrete mix design. The cross section in matter and neutron capture explain neutron shielding characteristics of samples. Neutron cross section measurements of samples were done by using a source of 4.5 MeV neutrons. Cross section and neutron capture of each samples calculated by using Geant 4 Monte Carlo code. As a result, use of appropriate galena concentration and barite and use of monofilament polypropylene fiber with steel fiber can improve cross section value of hybrid fiber heavyweight aggregate concrete and enhance properties of neutron shielding.

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