IAME 2015- Innovation & Advancement of Mechanical Engineering & Technology

"IAME 2015 Conference Papers "

A Mordan Approch For 5g Technology[ ]


The fifth-generation 5G technology stands for mobile technology. 5G generation 1G 2.5 G and 3 out of telecommunications in the world perform better with each passing day has seen a number of improvements. Mobile computing in this rapid revolution in this paper is also the fifth generation of mobile communication technology focuses on all preceding generations we learn, conversations, etc. Work that way changes our day to day life. The fifth-generation network affordable broadband wireless connectivity offer (very high speed). Paper on fifth generation technology network architecture does. Currently 5G is officially over. The fifth-generation research worldwide wireless Web (wwww), Dynamic ad-hoc wireless network (Don) and real are being made on the development of the wireless world. Users call volume and will experience a high level of data transmission that enables VoIP (voice over IP) on fifth-generation focus.

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A ROBUST IMAGE WATERMARKING SCHEME BASED ON 3 Level of DWT[ ]


In this paper we will improve the level of decomposition upto 3rd level of DWT for providing ownership on image . For this alfa blending technique is used to embed the watermark on the low frequency sub band of the cover image .For embedding and extraction of the watermark we will use the gray scale of the cover image i.e. black n white image because it is quite simpler . In this paper we will also try to remove the diagonal line appeared on the extracted watermark . We will compare the PSNR with the Single level DWT , Two level DWT and Three level DWT to show that show that our proposed method is better than all the other existing systems.

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Mode Shapes and Natural frequency of multi Rotor system with ANSYS 14[ ]


Rotating systems at running speed near the natural frequencies are dangerous to excessive angular deflections and hence more stresses which can cause rotating components failure or due to fatigue failures. The objective of the present work is to study the torsional vibration characteristics of multi-rotor using finite element method. Finite element method (FEM) is a numerical technique based on principle of discretization to find approximate solutions to engineering problems. The information about the natural frequencies for rotating systems can help to avoid system failure by giving the safe operating speed range. In the present work, finite element method has been used to find these natural frequencies for different possible cases of multi-rotor systems. The various mode shapes for several cases are also shown to illustrate the state of the system at natural frequencies.

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AN INTRODUCTION TO RMS: RECONFIGURABLE MANUFACTURING SYSTEM[ ]


This paper gives a brief introduction on RMS, its objectives and importance. A Reconfigurable Manufacturing System is a system designed to adjust quickly its production capacity and functionality within a part family in response to sudden market changes or intrinsic system change. RMS aims at providing sufficient flexibility by the principle of modularity, integrability, scalability in a shorter period of time while the other manufacturing system provides generalized flexibility designed for anticipation variation. Here we have presented the components, characteristics, merits, demerits of Reconfigurable Manufacturing System. The new techniques and characteristics of Reconfigurable Manufacturing System are described along with its key role in future manufacturing system. A comparative study with other available manufacturing system is also given in this paper.

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Analysis of Reheating Furnaces in Steel Plant[ ]


The aim of this paper is to analyze the Recuperative Burner and Regenerative Burner for various types of reheating furnaces in steel plant. A survey is done on various furnace used in steel plant and such Equipment has been designed and installed in order to achieve optimization in reheating process. The flue gases temperatures of the burners are determined to suit with the sizes of the reheating furnaces by considering the air temperature, the fuel cost and the investment cost. As per considerations, the Regenerative Burner is more suitable in steels plants and better life span.

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CFD BASED HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS OF SOLAR AIR HEATER DUCT PROVIDED WITH ARTIFICIAL ROUGHNESS[ ]


In the present study, the thermo-hydraulic performance of four ribs–roughened rectangular duct is investigated. The aspect ratio of the duct was kept constant as 5. Symmetry and periodic boundary conditions are used to minimize the computational cost. Four rib configurations were tested: V-up rib, V-up Broken rib, V-down broken rib, and Multi V rib pointing upstream of the main flow direction. Profile boundary condition was created at the outlet of the test section and was applied to various inlet conditions of main rib configuration. For all cases hydraulic diameter and angle of attack were kept constant to 33 mm and 600. Only relative roughness pitch and Reynolds number were varied from 8-12 and 8000-15000.

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COMPARISION OF THE MACHINING CHARACTERISTICS ON ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE MACHINING BETWEEN TUNGSTEN CARBIDE AND AISI H13[ ]


Electrical Discharge Machining is a process for shaping hard metals and forming deep and complex shaped holes by arc erosion in all kind of electro-conductive materials. The objective of this research is to study the influence of operating parameters of EDM of tungsten carbide and AISI H13 on the machining characteristics. The effectiveness of the EDM process with tungsten carbide and AISI H13 is evaluated in terms of the Material removal rate, the relative wear ratio and the surface finish quality of the work piece produced. High material removal rate, low relative wear ratio and good surface finish are conflicting goals, which cannot be achieved simultaneously with a particular combination of control setting. The higher discharge current, the faster is the machining time. Material removal rate and surface roughness of the workpiece are directly proportional to the discharge current intensity. This study confirms that there an optimum condition of precision machining of tungsten carbide and AISI H13 although the condition may vary with composition of the materials, the accuracy of the machine and other external factors.

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GRIPPING FORCE ANALYSIS OF JAMIA HAND[ ]


Robotic hand increases the adaptability of grasping and manipulating objects with its system. But this added adaptability of grasping convolute the process of grasping the object.

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A Review on Composition and Properties of Banana Fibers[ ]


Last few decades have seen composite materials being used predominantly in various applications. There are many types of natural fiber in plastics including hemp, flax, jute, wood fiber, rice husks, straw wheat, oats, bagasse, barley, grass reeds, banana fiber, oil palm empty fruit bunch, coir, sisal, cotton, kenaf, ramie, water pennywort, paper-mulberry, kapok, abaca, pineapple leaf fiber. The production of banana in India is 13.5 million tons per annual. Banana forming generates more quantity of biomass which goes as waste. The above ground parts like pseudo-stem and peduncle are the major source of fibre. Banana fibre used as a raw material in industry for production of papers, tea bags, currency and reinforced as a polymer composite. Natural fiber is used as an alternative resource to synthetic fibres as well as reinforcement for polymer composite materials and the manufacturing is inexpensive, renewable and environment friendly. Natural fibers have low cost, low density and low durability as compare to synthetic fibers but with the help of fiber treatments, mechanical properties of natural fibres are improved. In this paper, banana fibers are compared through their applications, use and properties and thus it is concluded that the banana fibres provide better chemical composition and properties.

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A Review on Thermal Spray Coating[ ]


A coating is a covering process that is applied to the surface of a material which is referred to as the substrate. The coating itself is either completely covered through the whole surface or the particular parts of the substrate. Different coatings are used to achieve the desired properties. Thermal spray coating is one of the most effective methods to protect the new parts from wear, high temperature corrosion, residual stresses, erosion, and to provide hard and dense coatings, thus life of material is increased. In this process, relatively thick metallic, polymer, ceramic and composite coatings is deposited. The optimum coating process is selected on the basis of desired coating properties. Coating material is either in the form of wire, powder, rod, cord or molten-bath form.

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Second Generation: - Approach and Futures of Honeypots[ ]


Now a day’s information security is increasing day by day. Intruders probe and attempt to gain access to your systems. A honey pot is a computer system on the Internet that is expressly set up to attract and "trap" people who attempt to penetrate other people's computer systems. In this paper we discuss different kinds of honeypots and approaches.

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HYDROGEN POWERED PETROL ENGINE (HHO ENGINE)[ ]


In this paper we have studied the basic properties of gas generated through electrolysis of water and then used this gas inthe a bike as a fuel with gasoline by mixing it with air. This results the increased mileage of bike 30 to 60% and reduce the polluting contents from the exhaust gases.The threat posed by climate change and thestriving for securities of energy supply are issues high on the political agenda these days. Governments are putting strategic plan motion to decrease primary energy use, take carbon out of fuels and facilitate modal shifts. Taking a prominent place in these strategic plans is hydrogen as a future energy carrier. Energy stored in hydrogen would be available at any time and at any place on Earth, regardless of when or where the solarirradiance, the hydropower, or other renewable sources such as biomass, ocean energy or wind energy was converted.. Hydrogen gas combined with the standard air/fuel mixture increases the mileage. This form of alternative fuel is provided by a hydrogen generator mounted in the vehicle.

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INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF REFRIGERATOR BY REDUCES THE LOSSES IN EVAPORATOR, COMPRESSOR AND CONDENSER[ ]


Domestic Refrigerator consumes significant energy in percentage of total energy used in India. Aim of this paper is to improve coefficient of performance of system. To improve the coefficient of performance, it is to require that compressor work should decrease and refrigerating effect should increase. Modifications in condenser are meant to increase degree of sub-cooling of refrigerant which increased refrigerating effect or more cooling water is required in condenser. The purpose of a compressor in vapour compression system is to elevate the pressure of the refrigerant, but refrigerant leaves the compressor with comparatively high velocity which may cause splashing of liquid refrigerant in the condenser tube, liquid hump and damage to condenser by erosion.

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POWER AMPLIFIER LINEARIZATION USING DIGIITAL PREDISTORTION[ ]


For wideband or high power applications, the power amplifier exhibits memory effects, for which memory lesspredistorters can achieve only limited linearization performance. The memory polynomial predistorter can correct both the nonlinear distortions and the linear frequency response that may exist in the power amplifier. It is a robust predistorter, which has demonstrated good performance on several nonlinear system models. The predistorter models considered in this paper include both even- and odd order nonlinear terms. Here, the benefits to include evenorder nonlinear terms in both the baseband power amplifier and predistorter models are described.

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Mechanical Characterization of Graphene based Hybrid Polymer Composite with Recent Applications: A literature review[ ]


Carbon is one of the most fascinating element in the periodic table, its categories many elements, many people’s bedded from antediluvian times [graphite and diamond] and some learned 10-20 years [fullerenes and nanotubes], a new allotrope of carbon, that is Graphene is one of the hottest topic in recent research field, due to its prodigious mechanical, electronic, thermal and magnetic properties. Graphene and its derivates are being studied in every field and technology. In this article; we focus our study on the mechanical behavior of a hybrid composite. Carbon fiber hybrid with graphene sheet polymer composite exhibits special properties on the mechanical section.Various researchers are going in study behavior of carbon based polymer composites.

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AUTOMATIC SUN TRACKING SYSTEM[ ]


The aim of this paper is to solve the problem of energy crisis which is considerably serious issue in today’s period. It is becoming essential to increase use of renewable sources of energy namely solar energy as compared to conventional sources for energy generation. A technology namely solar tracking system is introduced to improve efficiency of solar cells by tracking sun’s energy. It uses 8051 microcontroller and stepper motor to move solar panel according to position of sun. Photo resistors are also used to detect light intensity.

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Effect of Transverse weld feed rate on Microstructure and Tensile properties of FSW weld of AA6061[ ]


Friction stir welding (FSW) is a newly developed welding technology for welding of soft alloys. This is a solid state welding process in which the work material which is to be welded does not get melt and a joint can be easily obtained without the use of some additional filler material, gas protection or any other precaution. A hard rotating tool with a profile pin/probe and a shoulder gets inserted into the joint line and with the help of suitable transverse weld feed with some axially downward pressure the weld can be produced. Here the effect of three transverse weld feeds of FSW welding of AA6061 keeping rotational speed and axial pressure constant, were examined on the basis of weld microstructure and tensile properties. It was found that the microstructure of AA6061 is fine for low transverse weld feed as comparison to the other transverse feeds and on this transverse feed the tensile properties of the weld metal is higher than that of other two welding transverse feeds.

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Application of DMAIC for Process Industry: A Case Study[ ]


The present work deals with application of DMAIC for minimization of sand casting defects in a process industry. DMAIC approach is justified when root cause of defect is not traceable. At present, global and competitive environment, foundary industries need to perform efficiently with minimum number of rejection in their manufacturing products. For better improvement in the casting quality, first of all finding the root causes of occurrence of defects blow hole in the casting process and taking necessary step to reduces defects and hence rejection in casting. Six sigma is more than a quantitative statistical measure of processes; it embraces every aspect of work, using a disciplined, fact based approach of problem-solving.

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Quality Management Practices: A Study of South Gujarat Industries[ ]


Industries of South Gujarat region viz. General Managers, Quality Managers, Human Resource Managers, Production Managers and Engineers etc. Using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software The purpose of this paper is to empirically study quality management practices in industries in South Gujarat. “Questionnaire” is prepared using five-point Likert-type scale. The Questionnaire is sent to people at various, an internal consistency analysis has been performed separately for each of the performance factors. The reliability and validity test is also performed to check the validity of instrument.

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Strategies Used for Reducing Postharvest Losses in Fruits & Vegetables[ ]


The strategies for reducing waste and loss will necessarily be different because the underlying causes are different, but curbing waste and loss in both developed and developing countries will nevertheless be critical to reducing hunger in developing countries and meeting future demand. Consumers demand fresh produce of good physical quality (appearance) which is safe. Fruit and vegetables that are fresh and have good flavor bring repeat sales and may bring higher prices.Strategies for reducing postharvest losses in developing countries include: (1) Application of current knowledge to improve the handling systems (2) Overcoming the socioeconomic constraints, such as inadequacies of infrastructure, poor marketing systems, and weak R&D capacity; and (3) Encouraging consolidation and vertical integration among producers and marketers of horticultural crops.

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Adoption of Agile Methodology in Software Industry[ ]


Agile methods provide a team or an organization with the flexibility to adopt a selected subset of principles and practices based on their values, their culture, and the systems that they develop. Agile software development these days becomes very popular. Webster university has started a graduate level course on Agile software development in this course main idea is discussed and implemented via student projects Traditional software development methods have many problems and limitations. To overcome the problems addressed in traditional development methods, with great advancement in development process and quality of software, agile methodologies were introduced. Traditional methods depend on document on records. The aim of agile processes is to satisfy the customer and faster development.

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A Review on Composition and Properties of Bagasse Fibers[ ]


In recent years, the natural fibres have attracted substantial importance as potential structural material. Natural fibres are very fast replacing the traditional manmade fibres as reinforcements they have several advantages over manmade fibres. The abundant availability of natural fibre in India such as Jute, Coir, Sisal, Pineapple, Ramie, Bamboo, Banana, Bagasse etc. gives attention on the development of natural fibre composites primarily to explore value-added application avenues .Thousands of tons different crops are produced but most of their wastes do not have useful utilization. These different crops waste can be used with polymer to form natural fiber polymer composites for many applications. The wastage is used to prepare fiber reinforced polymer composites for commercial use. Natural fiber is used as an alternative resource to synthetic fibres as well as reinforcement for polymer composite materials and the manufacturing is inexpensive, renewable and environment friendly. Natural fibers have low cost, low density and low durability as compare to synthetic fibers but with the help of fiber treatments, mechanical properties of natural fibres are improved. This review discuss about the use of bagasse fibre and its current status of research. Bagasse fiber is a residue of a sugarcane milling process. The present use of bagasse is mainly as a fuel in the sugar cane mill furnaces.

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INDIAN ENERGY AT PRESENT AND PLANNING TO REDUCE ENERGY PROBLEM AND TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY BY RES(RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES)[ ]


India is a country with more than 1.2 billion people accounting for more than 17% of world’s population. It is the seventh largest country in the world with total land area of 3,287,263 sq kilometers. India measures 3214 km from north to south and 2993km from east to west. It has a land frontier of 15,200 km and coastline of 7,517 km. India has 28 states and 7 union territories .India is the fourth largest energy consumer in the world after the United States, China, and Russia It faces a formidable challenge in providing adequate energy supplies to users at a reasonable cost.

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GRID CONNECTED PV SYSTEM USING MPPT[ ]


In this paper presents analysis of grid connected PV system with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control.Grid interconnection of photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems has the advantage of effective utilization of generated power because there are no storage losses involved.Grid-connected photovoltaic system simulates in MATLAB/Simulink.The key technology of a PV system includes PV cell modeling, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm, DC/DC converter and grid-connected DC/AC inverter.MPPT is used for extracting the maximum power from the PV cell and transferring that power to the load.A DC/DC converter acts as an interface between the load and the PV cell. It used for transferring maximum power from the solar PV cellto load. The DC/AC Inverter is used to regulate the output voltage of DC/DC converter and connects the PV cell with DC/DC converter to the grid. The output voltage is required to be sinusoidal and in phase with the grid voltage.

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Study And Analysis Of Six Stroke Engine[ ]


One of the most difficult challenge in engine is that to increase the thermal efficiency of the engine and it is very essential to increase the thermal efficency of the engine. four stroke diesel engine and otto cycle engine have very low thermal efficiency due to high amount of energy is lost in exhust and also cooling of the engine. it is estimated about 35 percent of fuel energy is lost in exhust of engine and 30 percent in cooling of engine. out of the remaining 35 percent of energy of the fuel about 50% of energy gets converted into the work. two extra additional stroke have to be added for increse the thermal efficiency and from add of the two additional stroke engine, we can avoid from the big problem.

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VoIP over WLAN Networks[ ]


It is one of the most technologies in the Telecommunication field .About several research on VoIP the Quality of Service (QoS) still remaining. VoIP simply means to make a call through Ethernet Internet.

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WIRELESS BASE STATION WITH REDUCED CREST FACTOR[ ]


In this paper computationally efficient signal shaping strategy is developed that can be used to substantially reduce the PAPR in multiband transmitters. In this report, we provide mathematical framework for design and analysis of PAPR reduction for multi-band transmitters. This paper addresses the problem of crest factor reduction ICFR) in multi-carrier WCDMA systems.

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Turbine blade profiles generation using NURBS[ ]


In modern integrated environment, it is possible to use computer aided design (CAD) to explore design options and subsequently employ computational methods with the CAD model for design and development. For the geometric definition, most of the existing CAD systems rely upon the ‘Non Uniform Rational Basis Spline (NURBS) representation for geometric definition. Once the geometric definition is ready with a CAD model, it needs to be analyzed. It is known that the NURBS gives more control over the geometric definition of the body. In the paper a simple method for generating various profiles is proposed. Firstly, new profiles are generated and control points holding the profile is calculated. Later, these points are used to design the model using C-language. Some examples are provided to show effectiveness of proposed paper.

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Controlled Depth Milling of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy using Non-spherical (Triangular & Trapezoidal ) Sharp edge shape ceramics abrasive particle in Abrasive Water Jet Machining[ ]


This Abrasive Water Jet Machining (AWJM) process is usually used to through cut materials which are difficult to cut by conventional machining processes. This process may also be used for controlled depth milling (CDM) of materials. This paper primarily focuses on using Non-spherical (Triangular & Trapezoidal) Sharp edge shape ceramics abrasive particle as abrasive for cutting surface material modeled is a titanium based super alloy (Ti–6Al–4V) extensively used in the aerospace industry. Also controlling the abrasive flow rate to reduce the time for machining the component. Here, an experimental setup is made with a modified attachment for abrasive feed system to machine for Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The work also investigates the surface morphology, tolerance on depth of machining and surface waviness for the modified setup. With change in mass flow rate of abrasive, the traverse speed is altered and its effects on the machining time are studied. It is observed that traverse speed is an important parameter in the case of CDM for AWJM. It is also shown that surface waviness can be reduced as traverse speed is increased by using modified abrasive feeding system.

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Effect of Volume fraction (Al2O3+SiC)p on the Mechanical properties of Al (6061) Hybrid Metal Matrix Composite[ ]


The present work deals with the Effect of Volume fraction (Al2O3+SiC)p on themechanical properties of Al (6061) Hybrid metal matrix compositeusing aluminum alloy Al 6061 as matrix and alumina, silicon-carbide as a reinforcing material prepared by stir casting technique. The alumina and silicon-carbide amounts varied as 10, 15, and 20 percent by volume. The mechanical properties like hardness, tensile strength, and impact strength have been investigated. On addition by volume percent of alumina and silicon-carbide, the effect on mechanical properties has been studied. The properties like hardness and impact strength increases with Al2O3 and SiC. The change in these properties is moderate for 10 percent addition of alumina and silicon-carbide and marginal changes with 15 and 20 percent. The tensile strength of composite increases with the addition of alumina and silicon-carbide.

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Improve the cop of Vapor compression cycle with change in Evaporator and Condenser pressure[ ]


Aim is to improve the coefficient of performance of system which is based on vapor compression cycle. To improve the coefficient of performance, its requires that the compressor work should decrease and refrigeration effect should increase. It means that decrease in condenser pressure and temperature so the refrigeration effect will increase and compressor input work due to this cop will increase. And also increase in pressure and temperature of evaporator the work input will decrease and refrigeration effect will increase due to this cop will increase for a vapor-compression refrigeration system in 1834. Perkins built a prototype system and it actually worked. According to the drawing in Perkins patent liquid ether (C4H10O) was contained in an "evaporator vessel" where it was vaporized under a partial vacuum maintained by the suction of a crude hand-operated compressor. The evaporator vessel was submerged in a liquid from which the heat required to vaporize the ether was extracted, thereby cooling the liquid.

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