IJSER (ISSN 2229-5518) - A Genome-Wide Transcriptomics Analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Thesis Details

Author - Abiodun Joseph Akinade

Life Sciences

Country - United Kingdom

Email -

aj.akinade@gmail.com

Department - Bioinformatics

University - Teesside University

Guide Name - Dr. Shweta Kuba, Dr. Vasileios Panagiotis Lenis

IJSER Edition 4/6/2024

INTRODUCTION

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the etiological agent of tuberculosis, is an infectious disease of bacteria that poses major concerns for public health worldwide because of its threat to health for many years. The challenges in diagnosis, prolonged treatment and drug resistance mechanism of tuberculosis necessitate the need to investigate the genetic factors that play a significant role in the pathogenesis of Mtb. This research aimed at utilising genome-wide transcriptomics analysis to identify the molecular signature of Mtb. The gene expression profile datasets of active tuberculosis and healthy control were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The four selected microarray datasets were analysed using Limma package in R to identify the Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs). The functional enrichments were conducted using WebGestalt. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING and Cytoscape software was used to visualise the hub genes. Finally, the Drug-target interactions were identified in DrugBank using the DGidb database. The analysis produced a total of 36 common DEGs associated with Mtb. The functional analysis revealed that the genes were majorly enriched in biological regulation, membrane and protein binding. The pathway enrichment of the genes was mainly in immune responses. The high expression of GBP5, GBP1, BATF2 and other 10 hub genes may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Mtb which may be a biomarker for early diagnosis while SERPING1, LAP3, ADM, CACNA1I and BMX may be helpful in the development of novel therapy for tuberculosis disease in the future. Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis or M. tuberculosis, Genome-wide analysis, transcriptomics, Molecular signature, Biomarker, Differentially Expressed Genes, Core genes.