NCRIETS 2017- National Conference on Recent Innovations in Emerging Technology and Science

"NCRIETS 2017 Conference Papers "

Pages   [1] [2] [3]
 

Design and Analysis of Suspension System for a Formula Style Car[ ]


The paper aims to the study of Static and Dynamic parameter of Suspension System of a formula style car (F3 grade) by mathematical calculations. Also analysis has been done on simulation software. In order to produce the effect that would be faced by the suspension system when the real formula car will be running on the track during the event. Paper incorporates design and analysis of A-arm and knuckles for the suspension system for best possible results. Thorough investigation of previous participating cars has been done in order to find out the glitches and areas of improvements whereas the research was strictly circumscribed by FORMULA STUDENT INDIA rules and design requirements.

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Influence of Viscous Dissipation on Forced Convection Heat Transfer in Thermally Developing Region of Annuli[ ]


Studies on forced convective heat transfer in thermally developing region of annuli including viscous dissipation and axial conduction have been reported in this thesis. The inner and outer walls have been kept at constant temperature. The governing equations are characterized by Pe, (the product of Reynolds number and Prandtl number) the Peclet number, Br, the Brinkman number and a radius ratio suitably defined for the different problems studied. Numerical solutions to the governing equations have been obtained employing Successive Accelerated Replacement (SAR) scheme for 10≤Pe≤100, 0.1≤ R* r ≤10, and -1≤ Br ≤1. The inner wall Nusselt number decreases and outer wall Nusselt number increases as R * increases. For a given radius ration, both the inner and outer wall Nusselt numbers reach a limiting value, independent of Br, for all Br ≠ 0. Of course, when Br = 0 the limit is the fully developed value. The ratio of fully developed inner wall Nusselt number to the outer wall Nusselt number varies linearly with the square root of outer radius to inner radius. For Br0. The statement needs a suitable modification since unbounded swing is displayed by the Nusselt number for r Br<0. The change is significant in the developing region and when the Peclet number is low, Pe>100. In the present paper heat transferred from the walls and the energy gain (or loss) by the fluid up to a desired axial distance has been defined which serve the purpose of the average Nusselt number more conveniently. A key feature is that when axial conduction or viscous dissipation or both are included, the heat transferred from (to) the walls differs from the energy gained (or lost) by the fluid.

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Optimal Bidding in Restructure Power System[ ]


This paper dealt with brief knowledge of optimal bidding in restructured power system. Participants in a competitive electricity market develop bidding strategies in order to maximize their own profits. On the other hand, it is necessary for regulators to investigate strategic bidding behavior in order to identify possible market power abuse and to limit such abuse by introducing appropriate market management rules.

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Open Source Software (OSS) applications in libraries: Special Reference to Integrated Library Management and Digital Library Software[ ]


ICT (Information and Communication Technology) has transformed the libraries’ working environment entirely. Today, most of the libraries have been performing their routine works with the assistance of computer technology and this technology has brought with it many benefits such as advancement; reduction in work timing, reduced man power, data preservation and security etc. In this era of technology, Internet is an indispensible phenomenon and has been providing so many technical supports especially in the field of library and information science in the form of Open Sources Software (OSS). These days open sources softwares are becoming prevalent due to its immense significance. The Open Sources software provides free and easy accesses to the libraries as well as users can do changes and modification in it as well as they can run, copy, share, and improve the software with the desired requirements.However, library professional requires basic knowledge of computer to installation and maintenance for Open Source Software. Hence, this paper aims to describe Open Source Software (OSS) applications in libraries theoretically and highlight some major open source library softwares concerns with ILS (Integrated Library System) and DL (Digital Library). Besides, the applications of Open Source Software (OSS) in the current scenario of libraries shall be discussed.

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Optimal Replacement or Repair of Aircraft Engine Components Under Maintenance [ ]


Preventive maintenance is very important in case of aircraft industries because of very high safety requirement. This paper describes the methodology of optimization using Genetic Algorithm in Mat-Lab for Aircraft industries. Based on the criticality of components the time for maintenance is different for each component in the aircraft. If the system reliability at any point falls below the target reliability than there is a need to take care of some actions against it. As we know, the aircraft engine has the complicated structure with large no of components so this is very complicated to consider each components of the aircraft engine. We generally consider critical components of the aircraft engine.At some point of time if the system reliability falls below the target reliability then we have two options either we have to replace some components or we have to repair some components to achieve the target reliability of the system. An aircraft engine has many components so it becomes very difficult to select which components has to be replaced to achieve the target reliability of the system. Sometime it may be possible to replace only one component or sometime all components need to be replaced. During the preventive maintenance it becomes very important to consider the maintenance cost. If we do the random maintenance, the cost will not be optimal. In this report a maintenance model is suggested to minimize the maintenance cost and to achieve the target reliability of the system. This model is considered for aircraft engine to select the replacement or repair of the components. But this model can be applied to any complicated system.

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Comparative Study of Bamboo Material Performance in Civil Engineering Structure [ ]


Bamboo is the world’s fastest growing woody plant. Bamboo grows three times faster than most other species. Housing is one of the priority items and sensing the current shortage of the dwelling units, the present administrative leaders around the world find tough to hit upon a solution for. Apart from the other substances already in practice, bamboo appears to be the most promising material. Bamboo building construction is characterized by a structural frame approach similar to that applied in traditional timber frame design and construction. Bamboo has shown its suitability based on a combined low weight, high strength, beauty and durability. The properties of these species vary significantly. A successful application of bamboo in engineering firstly relies on the selection of a correct species. Therefore recognition of bamboo species is necessary before its efficient utilization. It has also been widely used in building applications, such as flooring, ceiling, walls, windows, doors, fences, housing roofs, trusses, rafters and purlins; it is also used in construction as structural materials for bridges, water transportation facilities and skyscraper scaffoldings. This study on bamboo also can contribute to a sustainable development in which not only technology and economics but also environment, culture and tradition should all be considered thoroughly.

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Discrete Wavelet Based Image Identification Using Neural Network[ ]


In this paper, we propose a face detection algorithm based on Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) using Radial Base Function (RBF) Neural Network. DWT technique is used to decompose the image into sub images. We have used the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) technique for relevant feature extraction from the image. Finally, we proposed RBF neural network for face Recognition.

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Enhancing TCP Communication in Cognitive Radio Network[ ]


Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) is a high potential technology for future networks since the spectrum resources are limited and it will use channels effectively, it refers that systems are aware of context and are capable of reconfiguring themselves based on the surrounding environments and their own properties with respect to spectrum, traffic load, congestion situation, network topology, and wireless channel propagation. The role of TCP is crucial in cognitive radio. The Primary User occupying or releasing a communication channel in CRN is to be handled properly when secondary user is using it. To handle this issue there should be a cognitive communication between TCP & MAC. This paper investigates this issue to overcome the TCP throughput decay in cognitive radio networks to enhance the efficiency of communication.

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Big Data Analysis with Customer Intelligence[ ]


Big data is a term for huge data sets having large, varied and complex structure with challenges, such as difficulties in data capture, data storage, data analysis and data visualizing for further processing. It requires new technologies and architectures so that it becomes possible to extract valuable data from it by capturing and analysis process. Big Data is a collection of massive data sets with a great diversity of types and it is difficult to process by using traditional data processing platforms. We analyze the challenges, tools and techniques for big data analysis and design.

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Analysis of Automation and Manual Testing Using Software Testing Tool[ ]


Testing is the process of checking the system working fine or not according to the need of customer . Testing is basically used to find bug, error from the system , make report and send to the developer. Testing can be done by two types either manually or automation testing. This paper show the problem related to manual testing and discuss the concept of manual and automation testing .This paper show the importance of automation testing and test cases and difference of automation and manual testing and use of Qtp tool.

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Optimization of Road Width[ ]


This paper presents an attempt to optimize the highway road width at the locations where there is problem of traffic jam and rush. As we know that the highway width is made uniform all along the way, but there occurs the problem of traffic jam at the crowded areas and junction points, so in this project first the simulation is done in MATLAB and then the problem is formulated as an optimization problem. The results of simulation are used in optimization. Finally the problem is solved in Genetic Algorithm using as an optimization tool. In this project a national highway (NH 73) is taken to optimize road width and the results are obtained. This project can be applied on any national highway.

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Thermal Analysis of Turbine Blade Using Ansys Software[ ]


In this paper thermal analysis of turbine blade using the Titanium - based alloy with the ANSYS workbench 14.0 was carried out. The goal is here is to reduced the temperature of the turbine blade then automatically decreased the cost and fuel efficiency as well as the increased the life of the turbine blade with the using of ANSYS workbench 14.0.and find the optimum solution of thermal analysis of turbine blade in steady state gas flow carried out. In there were a challenging how to reduced the temperature in high environment we find out the optimization solution in Using ANSYS Workbench 14.0 software a steady state gas flow analysis was carried out, and the pressure and temperature distributions and velocity vectors and streamlines were delineated. Then, by mapping these results on the other section of it equivalent stresses and total deformation were determined.

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Increasing the Strength of Concrete Using Magnetized Water[ ]


The compressive strength and workability of the concrete by using magnetized water، have improved certain percentages depending on the process of the formation of this concrete. The experiments comprise the preparation of standard cubes from this concrete according to the standard ratios of ingredients and mixed with magnetized water, which was prepared by passing tap water through the devices of different magnetic strength in terms of Gauss. Then the factors affecting on some physical and mechanical properties were studied, and developed some methods to be tested and verified. To complete the scope of the present experimental results, the study was necessitated the preparation of similar cubes using ordinary tap water. Several experiments were conducted to determine the velocity of water through the magnetic field, which gave the highest value for the compressive strength, where it was up to 0.8 m / sec. It was also appeared from the tests for compressive strength of more than 63 cubic concrete mixed with magnetic water that there is an increase ranging between (10-22%) compared to the results of the control cubes, Where the highest increase up to 22% at the magnetic intensity equal to gauss.

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Role of IT in Supply Chain Management[ ]


Supply chain management (SCM) is the 21st century global operations strategy for achieving organizational competitiveness. Companies are attempting to find ways to improve their flexibility and responsiveness and in turn competitiveness by changing their operations strategy, methods and technologies that include the implementation of SCM paradigm and information technology (IT). However, a thorough and critical review of literature is yet to be carried out with the objective of bringing out pertinent factors and useful insights into the role and implications of IT in SCM. In this paper, the literature available on IT in SCM have been classified using suitable criteria and then critically reviewed to develop a framework for studying the applications of IT in SCM. Based on this review and analysis, recommendations have been made regarding the application of IT in SCM and some future research directions are indicated.

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IOT Based Smart Garden Monitoring System[ ]


Plant provides us with almost all the basic needs for survival but we are unable to provide plant with its basic needs like water, non-polluted oxygen and as a result plants are unable to survive.In this paper on IOT based smart garden monitoring system which sense the requirement of the plant and provide it with water as the soil loses its moisture. Different soils have different fertility and moisture level so we have soil and moisture sensor used in this to dectect this problem.In ur country there are six different seasons and each day have different temperature and humidity level so to check the temperature and humidity for the better health and survival of plant temperature and humidity sensor are used which regularly sends data to the server. In this way it manages to perform its operations automatically.

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Molecular Dynamics Simulation Of Capped Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes [ ]


Molecular dynamics simulation has been used to study the effect of capping the carbon nanotube (CNT) with hemispherical caps on mechanical properties of CNTs. Simulation has also been performed for studying the effect of volume fraction (Vf) on mechanical properties of CNT reinforced poly methyl metha acrylate (PMMA) composites. Materials Studio 6.1 has been used as a tool for finding the longitudinal (E11), transverse (E22) and shear moduli of composites. CNT composition in PMMA was varied by volume from 0 to 16%. Results show that capped CNTs have lower moduli in comparison to the uncapped CNTs. Adding CNTs into PMMA increases E11 till Vf of 12%. Thereafter, though the value of E11 increases but the rate of increase is very less. The results of this study have been compared with Gao and Li [14] and also with Elliott and Han [17].

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Solar Tracking System: Effective Use of Solar Panels[ ]


This paper shows the potential system benefits of simple tracking solar system using a servo motor and light sensor. This method is increasing power collection efficiency by developing a device that tracks the sun to keep the panel at a right angle to its rays. A solar tracking system is designed, implemented and experimentally tested. The design details and the experimental results are shown.

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Swarm Intelligence[ ]


In this paper we will be discussing about the swarm intelligence and some of its examples. A swarm is a group of simple agents that interact among themselves and with their environment. There is no particular controlling agent that is responsible for the behavior that arises among the group. These agents that work in groups can be colonies of ants, school of fishes, bird flocks etc. We can call them as swarm. In this paper we will be discussing some examples of swarm and their behavior. We will also discuss various swarm intelligence models for example Ant Colony Optimization and Particle Swarm Optimization that is related to behavior of ants and birds respectively.

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Network Coding Challenges in Cognitive Radio Network[ ]


Network coding is a method that can enhance the network throughput by reducing the amount of work overload in the network while still ensuring that all user data is transferred. With network coding, a node can improve its transmission efficiency by combining several packets together and sending only the resultant encoded packet if the coding conditions are satisfied. Network coding has been successfully applied in Cognitive radio network (CRN).It exploits the utilization of unused spectrum or white spaces, effectively and efficiently. In CRNs, network coding schemes are also applied to maximize the spectrum utilization, as well as to maintain the effective and secure transmission of data packets over the network. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey of NC schemes as well as the applications of network coding in CRNs. Finally, we present open issues, challenges, and future research directions related with network coding in cognitive radio networks.

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To STUDY OF REPLACEMENT OF QUERRY DUST WITH SAND[ ]


This investigation aims to come up with a mix proportion for concrete class 20 by the use ofquarry dust instead of normal river sand for concrete mix.India has currently undertaken a major initiative on development of infrastructures such asexpress highways, power projects, industrial structures, the construction of buildingsand other structures, in order to meet the requirements of globalization in itsVision2030.Concrete plays the key role towards this development and a large quantum ofconcrete is being utilized in every construction practice. River sand, which is one of the major constituents used in the production of concrete, has become very expensiveand also becoming scarce due to the depletion of river beds. uarry dust is a waste obtainedduring the quarrying process. Quarry dust has very recently gained good attention to beused as an effective filler material instead of sand. The use of quarry dust as a fine aggregatedecreases the cost of concrete production in terms of the complete replacement andeven partial replacement of natural river sand.The environmental impact of river sand mining on river beds, the expensive and rising cost ofmanufactured sand, the cheap and good accessibility of quarry dust, are the main motivationsbehind the undertaking of such a project.This research will report the experimental study which investigates the proportion by weightof quarry dust to acquire similar concrete strength with 20%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 80%

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SOLAR TREE: New Proposed Model For Harnessing Solar Energy And Its Scope In India[ ]


This review paper consists of study of a new design solar model which can overcome the drawbacks of conventional method of collecting solar light. In present work we study a solar tree model which structure is based on the pattern of natural tree. As in natural trees leaves and branches are arranged in a manner so that they can capture more sunlight for their living. And by arranging this way they avoid shading from each other. This special arrangement is called phyllotaxy which is directly related to the Fibonacci number and Golden ratio. In a similar way if solar panels are being arranged by using specific pattern they will be oriented in different directions. As sun moves through different locations in the sky throughout the day, each panel gets good share of sunlight at different instant of time and boost up the overall power of solar tree.

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Sensitivity Analysis on Surge Analysis of Water Supply System[ ]


Present work is similar to sensitivity analysis of surge analysis of water supply mains, which has been done earlier. In initial section a 1000mm DI K-9 water supply rising main has been laid from Narwana Branch to canal water Pump House Ismailpur and up to canal based water works, Ambala city. Out of 14.3 km pipeline, the pipe from Narwana Branch to pump house has been laid under gravity and rest of the pipe has been laid as rising main from canal pump house to canal based work. Previous analysis was carried out for 3 no. of pump with discharge 0.999 cumec and it was found safe in respect of pipe thickness as per IS 8329: 2000 (re-affirmed 2005) Indian Standard for Centrifugally Cast (Spun) Ductile Iron Pressure Pipes for Water, Gas and Sewage – Specification (Third Revision). In this analysis another trial has been made for 4 no of pump with discharge 1.332 cumec, which has been found unsafe. The analysis dealing with pumping mains has been designed as per the design and hydraulic data available and as per the guidelines of Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organisation (CPHEEO). Results are available in Microsoft excel sheet.

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Refrigerants: A Review[ ]


In the present time refrigeration is a fast growing industry, but refrigeration industry is facing two major problems namely global warming potential (GWP) and ozone depletion potential (ODP) due to refrigerant. Refrigeration and air conditioning are important Social dimension, Economic dimension, Environmental dimension.

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Introduction of various Soft Computing Techniques in Mobile Ad-hoc network[ ]


Mobile Ad-hoc Network is a collection of mobile nodes that dynamically create a wireless network amongst them without using any pre-defined environments. In such an environment, it may be necessary for one mobile host to enlist the aid of other hosts in forwarding a packet to its destination, due to the limited range of each mobile host’s wireless transmissions. In any network, Quality of Service is the basic requirement and when we talk about the MANET this is the highly constraint requirement of the user. Mobile ADHOC Networks (MANET) the mobile transceivers or sensors are randomly deployed in the sensor field which brings the problem of coverage for all or some of the nodes. As the coverage problem can increase overall effective distance of all nodes from the sensor which further affects overall throughput & power required by the system. It is a unique problem and in maximizing coverage, the sensors need to be placed in a position such that the sensing capability of the network is fully utilized to ensure high quality of service. Neural Networks (NNs) promise solutions to such complicated problems, they have been used successfully in various practical applications. This network uses two different types of protocols. They are proactive protocol and reactive protocol. Proactive protocol maintains routing table information. Reactive protocol is a path between source and destination and also called as on-demand protocol. Genetic algorithm (GA) is used to find the optimal path between the source and destination nodes. Fuzzy logic is proposed which having low communication overhead and storage requirements.

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Zno Nanoparticle Based Isfet Biosensor for the Detection of Mercury (Ii) Ions[ ]


Alkaline phosphatase (AP) based ion sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET) biosensor was investigated by the incorporation of ZnO nanoparticles for the detection of heavy metals. Enzyme was immobilized on SiO2 surface of electrode by cross-linking a mixture of AP and bovine serum albumin in saturated glutaraldehydevapour. The proposed biosensor was optimized for characteristics like substrate concentration and cell density. Enzyme dephosphorylates substrate 2-Phospho-L-ascorbic acid trisodium salt (PAA) to generate current equivalent to ascorbic acid (AA) whereas the presence of mercury would hinder the formation of AA, which indirectly corresponds to the concentration of metal ion present. The electrode responds linearly in concentration range of 10−12 M to 10−3M for mercury and showed rare interference of silver, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and transition metals. The results obtained by the ZnO NPs modified ISFET transducers suggested that incorporation of NPs strongly influenced the biosensor performances as they increase sensitivity and also improves the detection limit.

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To Study Of Different Types of Spaces Parking and Car Parking[ ]


“License to drive is not a license to kill”. The unscrupulous growing population has created many problems in country like India. Parking is one of the serious problems that confront the urban planner and the traffic engineer. One of the problems created by road traffic is parking. Not only do vehicles require street space to move about, but also do they require space to park where the occupants can be loaded and unloaded. It is roughly estimated that out of 8,760 hours in a year, the car runs on an average for only 400 hours, leaving 8,360 hours when it is parked. Besides the problem of space for cars moving on the road, greater is the problem of space for a parked vehicle considering that private vehicles remain parked for most of their time. Besides the problem of space for cars moving on the road, greater is the problem of space for a parked vehicle considering that private vehicles remain parked for most of their time. While residential projects still escape with designated parking, the real problem lies with commercial spaces many a time which is overcome by taking extra open spaces to park.Multi-level Parking systems for sometime have provided relief since they come with a number of advantages – Optimal utilization of space, lower maintenance and operational cost, lower construction cost, secure and environment-friendly nature, comfortable for the drivers, cost saving for builders by saving height or depth. Multiple Level Car Parking Systems are much in vogue a method of automatically parking and retrieving cars that typically use a system of pallets and lifts and signaling devices for retrieval. They serve advantages like safety, saving of space, time and fuel space but also need to have an extra and a very detailed assessment of the parking required, space availability and traffic flow.

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Review of Rock Properties Based on Drilling Parameters[ ]


One of the important factors of concern to the engineers in the general field of rock excavation is to assess the physico-mechanical properties of rock. The International Society of Rock Mechanics (ISRM) has developed standard methods for measuring the rock properties both in the laboratory as well as in the fields. In India also the geotechnical studies in the laboratory are conducted according to IS standards stipulated for each property. However, these direct methods are time consuming and expensive. To obtain realistic results of rock properties, it requires carefully prepared rock samples. The standard cores cannot always be extracted from weak, highly fractured, thinly bedded, foliated and/or block-in-matrix rocks. An extensive review has been made in this paper to identify different controlling factors in drilling which influence rock properties, to understand the relation between these parameters and to prepare a strategy for developing a system which will help in establishing an alternative method for determination of physico-mechanical properties of rocks using drilling technique.

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Heat Transfer and Friction Factor Analysis of Turbulent Flow through a Circular Tube Having Vortex Generator Inserts: A Review[ ]


Air is used as the working fluid and local heat transfer measurements for both smooth and rough surface sides of the tube are reported for fully developed turbulent flow with Reynolds number (Re) varying between 10,000 and 45,000. Empirical correlations are developed for Nusselt Number and friction factor in terms of Reynolds number (Re), pitch to projected length ratio (p/pl), height to tube inner diameter ratio (e/d) and angle of attack (a).

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Image Retrieval Based On Integration Between Histograms In Hsv Color Space With Texture Feature And Shape Feature[ ]


In this paper, color in HSV color space, texture using wavelet transform and shape feature using thresholding is used to retrieve images from the database .The database includes 500 images of five different categories. Moreover success of this content based image retrieval depends on the method used to create feature vector and relativity measure, the accuracy of wavelet transform engaged. Retrieving images can be increases the accuracy of the system based on color, feature and shape relativity. For relativity measure between the database images and query image Mahalanobis, Minkowiski, Chebyshev, Cosine Relativity, Spearman correlation are used ,at the end aggregation of mean and relative deviation is done and aggregation is then arranged in increasing order i.e. minimum to maximum. This Arranging order shows images having minimum values are more accurate retrieved image. The Proposed system can better the retrieval accuracy that has been shown by the experimental results. The system is tested on 500 images of five different categories downloaded from the internet.

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Artificial roughened solar air heaters - a review[ ]


Conventional Solar air heaters have low thermal efficiency because of low convective heat transfer coefficient between the absorber plate and flowing fluid. Low value of the heat transfer coefficient is due to the presence of the laminar sub-layer which is formed on the underside of the absorber plate. To break this laminar sub-layer there is a need to provide artificial ribs on the underside of the absorber plate. Artificial roughness in the form of repeated ribs is one of the simplest method for enhancement of thermal efficiency of the conventional solar air heater. The objective of this paper is to review various experimental and analytical works done by different researchers to increase the thermal efficiency of the conventional solar air heaters by providing the different roughness geometries on the underside of the absorber plate.

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Boundary-Layer Flows of Non-NewtonianPower Law Fluids[ ]


Non-Newtonian fluids are something which require lots of study and research on it flow pattern over the surfaces. This paper highlights the laminar flow of non-Newtonian fluids which obeys the power-law model past horizontal flat plate is presented. The main problem considered is that of predicting the drag and rate of heat transfer from an isothermal surface to the fluid. This paper proposes the detailed study of the flow past a horizontal flat plate in which the shear stress coefficient is determined exactly by numerical solution of the governing equation and approximately by a momentum integral method, analogous to the one developed by Pohlhausen for Newtonian fluids. Results obtained are then compared between the exact and approximate methods.The rate of heat transfer for flow past an isothermal flat plate is determined by numerical solution of energy equation, approximately by an integral method. Numerical solution of momentum and energy equations is obtained by finite difference procedure by using central difference scheme. Results obtained for heat transfer rate by numerical method, integral method and Lighthills approximation are compared.

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Convection and flow boiling heat transfer in a Mini channel Heat Sink[ ]


With the trend towards increasing levels of integration in high density very largescale integral circuit and heat sink technology higher level of performance required to meetthe elevated heat dissipation in electronic and optical devices. The distribution of two phaseflow through the channels is often non uniform and in extreme cases there is almost no liquidflow through some channels which increase hot spot or dry-out problems. So for avoidingsuch problem uniform flow with breaking of the vapour bubble is needed. Here the heat sinkgeometry is such that the flow continuously get merged and diverged. Because of that thebubble get divided continuously and so uniform vapour liquid flow present. According toconstructal law for a flow system to persist in time (to survive) it must evolve in such a waythat it provides easier and easier access to the currents that flow through it. On this principlethis model is based. In this paper the detailed review of the experiment of boiling heattransfer through mini channel heat sink is given. The model is developed in CAD and generated with CNC end mill the channel size is1mm x1mm x4 mm. And the constructal 3 loops are used here. The heat exchangerdimensions are 30mm x 30 mm. The temperature and pressure measurement is done withthermocouples intruded in the heat exchanger assembly. Maximum mass flux varied from 25-400 kg/m2-s, the inlet pressure used is 0.15 Mpa which is obtained with the help of gravitydriven system. The flow is laminar. The inlet fluid sends to be preheated up to 70o c. Theexperimental investigation of flow boiling in the mini channel heat sink is conducted withwater as well as refrigerant as working fluid. For heat source plate type heater is used incontact with heat sink with heat flux ranges from 50- 500 kw/m2. Qualitative results are obtained from the experimental setup with the help of videoand images with high resolution camera and for quantitative the process is continuing thequalitatively it shows that the better mixing of phases during boiling gives better heat transferand no dry out problems present. Also there is no chance of bubble elongation so it will helpto increase the capacity of the processor. Its exact values are not calculated butapproximately the max temperature is 115o c. This model is different with the conventionalstraight channel so its advantages over that is better heat capacity but additional penaltyhere is that the pressure drop in this case is more than conventional one because of thejunction losses is additional here, So more pumping power required.

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Application of Nanotechnology in Concrete[ ]


In this article ,use of nanotechnology in building materials on behalf of arrange of civil engineering mechanismis discussed. Inview of the fact that the use of nanotechnology controls the topic at the minute level,the properties of matter are sincerely affected.Strength,durability and other properties of materials are dramatically affected under a scale of nanometer (10-9m).This article as well reveal show the use of nanotechnology makes concrete more stronger,durable and more easily placed. Different types of nanomaterials used are discussed with its wide applications.The properties like self-sensing, self- rehabilitation,self-structural health monitoring, self-vibration damping , self-cleaning and self-healing are studied. Following this the analysis were carried out in ductile structural composites alongwith its improved properties, low repairs coatings, better properties of cementitious materials, reduction of the thermal transfer rate of fire retardant and insulation, various nano sensors ,smart materials, intellectual construction technology.

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Comparison of Mechanical Properties of TIG and MIG Welding using Aluminum Alloy[ ]


TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) welding and MIG (Metal Inert Gas) welding are most important welding techniques in industry point of view. Aluminium is a common material used in all industries. Aluminum has second rank in case of annual consumption after steel. Pure aluminum melts at 6600C, and its alloys at lower temperature. The crystal structure of aluminum is FCC, and it is very ductile material. In this paper the study is done on welding technique (TIG or MIG) to find which welding technique is the best for aluminium alloy. The comparison is done on the basis of mechanical properties of the welded joint of TIG and MIG welding on aluminium alloy. It was observed that TIG welding has better in Tensile strength, hardness, impact strength.

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Analysis of Power Quality Improvement Using Active Shunt Filters[ ]


Electricity consumption has been increasing so rapidly once in line with the development of the country to achieve its status as the industrial countries. The paper shows the method of improving power quality using shunt active filters which are used in reduction of total harmonics distortion .Paper shows a comparison of reduction in harmonics with and without shunt active filter for nonlinear loads.The analysis is done in MATLAB /SIMULINK. FFT analysis is also carried out and the model successfully reduces the harmonics.

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Recent Trends in Civil Using Reinforced Fiber Polymer Bars[ ]


Corrosion is known to negatively affect the structural integrity of bridges, buildings, and other structures made of concrete. This corrosion damage is both dangerous to the public and expensive to the owner of the structure. This research explores the use of Fiber Reinforcement Polymer (FRP) to improve the structural performance of concrete that has been subjected to corrosion damage. The use of Polymer fibers in the steel improves moment capacity and ductility of the tested steel bars .It is important to first. understand how corrosion damage affects normal reinforced concrete, so that is also investigatedTo overcome the corrosion problem of steel reinforcement in RC structures, ‘Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) rebars’ has become a potential solution. Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) shows, excellent corrosion resistance, very high strength to lower weight ratio, non-conductive/magnetizing nature, etc. However, durability and serviceability of this new material is .still a least understood attribute. Previous nature research shows GFRP possess low immunity in alkaline environment, low modulus of elasticity and has brittle.

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Student’s Performance Analysis Using Machine Learning Tools[ ]


Several tools have been designed till today for the betterment and evaluation of student’s performance. The results produced by these tools can help in decision making, that improves student’s performance. This paper presents a survey of existing tools and techniques that have been designed in this area. This Paper uses a machine learning tool for analysing and predicting the results based on various factors that can improve the student’s performance. This paper also suggests that cognitive modelling is a better way that can improve the decision making capability and it is useful for making quality software and tools for performance analysis.

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Data Mining in Knowledge Discovery: A Comprehensive Study[ ]


Data stored in colossal repositories are analyzed and extracted for meaningful and relevant knowledge. Data mining comprises the core algorithms that enable one to gain fundamental insights and knowledge from enormous pool of data. It is an interdisciplinary field which consists of areas such as database systems, statistics, machine learning and pattern recognition. Data mining is part of a larger process called KDD or knowledge discovery in databases, which is highly vast and comprises of some pre and post processing tasks. The steps comprising of KDD are highly iterative and interactive in nature. Upon the completion of these steps very specific and highly critical knowledge is generated. The research paper attempts to discuss context of data mining in the multidisciplinary and multi-dimensional KDD process as well as various data mining techniques such as exploratory data analysis, association, clustering and classification are discussed.

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Virtual Reality - A Review[ ]


This paper focus on the review of virtual reality. Virtual reality, also called as virtual environment, has drawn much attention in the last few years. Extensive media coverage causes this interest to grow rapidly due to high lighting application domains, technological requirements, and currently available solutions. The structure of this paper includes introduction, working, user interface, VR devices, CAVE and terminology related to virtual reality.

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Application of Various Equipment Used In Foundry for Prevention of Pollution - A Review[ ]


Foundry process for production, treatment or handling of liquid metals can generate lot of dust particles, air pollutants and fumes. This is very harmful for human health and adverse effects on environment. In line with eco efficiency principle the first objective should be to prevent these emissions or to capture them before their release. It is impossible to vanish but it can beminimized by use of Modern pollution controlling equipment. A few points on the waste and cost reduction opportunities for foundry have also been presented in this paper. The main principle of Green foundry is described in this paper.

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To study of Compression strength of cement concrete[ ]


With the growth of construction industry there is need to give quality in it. Many of the projects fail in construction field because of improper results and improper testing on site. One of the basic and important test is compressive test which should be done carefully since it is taken as the backbone of all tests of civil engineering related to concrete. Compression test is required almost in every project since it gives us a brief idea of the grade and type of concrete. Many of them do small mistakes in these which includes the different exclusion of different parameters of concrete, improper procedure for filling and compacting concrete, wrong methods of testing of concrete and many more. This paper contains all the necessary parameters, equipment and the acceptance criteria of the test. It also includes procedure for filling and compacting concrete as well as methods of testing of concrete.

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Selected Two’s Elementsat a Time for Improving the Performance of Selection Sorting Algorithm[ ]


Sorting is an algorithm that arranges all elements of an array, orderly. Sorting involves rearranging information into either ascending or descending order. In computer science and mathematics, a sorting algorithm is an algorithm that puts elements of a list in a certain order, not necessarily in increasing order; it may be in decreasing order as well. Efficient sorting is important to optimizing the use of other algorithms that require sorted list to work efficiently; it is also useful for producing human-readable output. Most simple sorting algorithms involve two steps which are compare two items and swap two items or copy one item. In this paper we present a new sorting algorithm, named as Dual-Element Selection Sorting, which is faster than selection sort. After studying various sorting algorithms; I found that there are no such sorting algorithms which work on the basis of selecting two elements at a time, means selecting two elements simultaneously. We also compare Dual-Element Selection Sort algorithm with selection sort. We have used the MATLAB for implementation. The new algorithm is analyzed, implemented & tested.

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